Chapter 9: Cloud Ice Properties: In Situ Measurement Challenges

• Published in: Ice Formation and Evolution in Clouds and Precipitation Vol. 58; pp. 9_1 - 9_26
• Main Authors: Baumgardner, D, Krämer, M, Lawson, P, McFarquhar, G, Ulanowski, Z, Um, J, Abel, S J, Axisa, D, Cotton, R, Crosier, J, Field, P, Gurganus, C, Heymsfield, A, Korolev, A
• Format: Web Resource
• Language: English
• Published: Boston American Meteorological Society 01.01.2017
• Subjects: Aerosols; Aircraft; Cloud particles; Clouds; Evolution; Hydrometeors; In situ measurement; Instrumentation; Light; Measurement techniques; Optical properties; Sensors

Understanding the formation and evolution of ice in clouds requires detailed information on the size, shape, mass, and optical properties of individual cloud hydrometeors and their bulk properties over a broad range of atmospheric conditions. Since the 1960s, instrumentation and research aircraft ha...