1789-LB: Prevalence of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Jordan-The PACT-MEA Study

• Published in: Diabetes (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 73; p. 1
• Main Authors: Abbas, Firas O, Abbasi, Hiba, Alsamen, Muneer A Abu, Almousa, Eyas N, Ammari, Fawaz L, Haddad, Jihad A, Haddad, Suhair E, Jaradat, Mustafa, Khassawneh, Adi, Khatib, Nidal, Magableh, Arabieh, Haddad, Fares H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York American Diabetes Association 01.06.2024
• Subjects: Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Drug therapy; Patients
• ISSN: 0012-1797; 1939-327X
• DOI: 10.2337/db24-1789-LB

Introduction & Objective: Globally, nearly one-third of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has a type of cardiovascular (CV) disease, the majority of which is atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). To address the lack of representative data regarding these conditions in Middle Eastern and African (MEA) countries, we aimed to assess the prevalence of established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (eASCVD) and ASCVD risk in patients with T2D in seven countries across the Middle East and Africa. Here we present the primary results for Jordan to identify opportunities for improving T2D management in this country. Methods: PACT-MEA (PACT-MEA; NCT05317845) is a cross-sectional, observational study of adults (≥18 years) with T2D from primary and secondary care settings. During scheduled clinic visits in 2022, medical history, demographic, clinical, laboratory, and pharmacotherapy data were extracted from medical charts of patients. We report the prevalence (95% CI) of eASCVD and ASCVD risk using the risk category definitions of moderate, high, very high (latter includes eASCVD) from the 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines on CV Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice. Results: A total of 576 patients with T2D in Jordan were enrolled across ten study sites. The mean patient age was 59.7 and included 52% males and 48% females. Patients were enrolled from primary and secondary care settings (28% and 72%, respectively). A total of 151 patients with T2D had eASCVD, corresponding to a prevalence of 26.2% (95% CI: 22.8-30.0). Per ESC guidelines, 0.8% of people with T2D in Jordan were at moderate risk for ASCVD, 66.0% were at high risk, and 33.3% were at very high risk. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that eASCVD is prevalent in more than one-quarter of people with T2D in Jordan, and nearly all are at high/very high ASCVD risk. This suggests there is an opportunity for improved screening and management of T2D to reduce CV risk in this country.