PD-1 blockade partially recovers dysfunctional virus–specific B cells in chronic hepatitis B infection
Chronic HBV (CHB) infection suppresses virus-specific T cells, but its impact on humoral immunity has been poorly analyzed. Here, we developed a dual-staining method that utilizes hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigens (HBsAg) labeled with fluorochromes as "baits" for specific ex vivo de...
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Published in | The Journal of clinical investigation Vol. 128; no. 10; pp. 4573 - 4587 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Ann Arbor
American Society for Clinical Investigation
01.10.2018
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Abstract | Chronic HBV (CHB) infection suppresses virus-specific T cells, but its impact on humoral immunity has been poorly analyzed. Here, we developed a dual-staining method that utilizes hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigens (HBsAg) labeled with fluorochromes as "baits" for specific ex vivo detection of HBsAg-specific B cells and analysis of their quantity, function, and phenotype. We studied healthy vaccinated subjects (n = 18) and patients with resolved (n = 21), acute (n = 11), or chronic (n = 96) HBV infection and observed that frequencies of circulating HBsAg-specific B cells were independent of HBV infection status. In contrast, the presence of serum HBsAg affected function and phenotype of HBsAg-specific B cells that were unable to mature in vitro into Ab-secreting cells and displayed an increased expression of markers linked to hyperactivation (CD21'°) and exhaustion (PD-1). Importantly, B cell alterations were not limited to HBsAg-specific B cells, but affected the global B cell population. HBsAg-specific B cell maturation could be partially restored by a method involving the combination of the cytokines IL-2 and IL-21 and CD40L-expressing feeder cells and was further boosted by the addition of anti-PD-1 Abs. In conclusion, HBV infection has a marked impact on global and HBV-specific humoral immunity, yet HBsAg-specific B cells are amenable to a partial rescue by B cell-maturing cytokines and PD-1 blockade. |
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AbstractList | Chronic HBV (CHB) infection suppresses virus-specific T cells, but its impact on humoral immunity has been poorly analyzed. Here, we developed a dual-staining method that utilizes hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigens (HBsAg) labeled with fluorochromes as "baits" for specific ex vivo detection of HBsAg-specific B cells and analysis of their quantity, function, and phenotype. We studied healthy vaccinated subjects (n = 18) and patients with resolved (n = 21), acute (n = 11), or chronic (n = 96) HBV infection and observed that frequencies of circulating HBsAg-specific B cells were independent of HBV infection status. In contrast, the presence of serum HBsAg affected function and phenotype of HBsAg-specific B cells that were unable to mature in vitro into Ab-secreting cells and displayed an increased expression of markers linked to hyperactivation (CD21'°) and exhaustion (PD-1). Importantly, B cell alterations were not limited to HBsAg-specific B cells, but affected the global B cell population. HBsAg-specific B cell maturation could be partially restored by a method involving the combination of the cytokines IL-2 and IL-21 and CD40L-expressing feeder cells and was further boosted by the addition of anti-PD-1 Abs. In conclusion, HBV infection has a marked impact on global and HBV-specific humoral immunity, yet HBsAg-specific B cells are amenable to a partial rescue by B cell-maturing cytokines and PD-1 blockade. |
Author | Dutertre, Charles-A Bert, Nina Le Hung, Magdeleine Bertoletti, Antonio Fletcher, Simon Salimzadeh, Loghman Novikov, Nikolai Newell, Evan W Gill, Upkar S Frey, Christian Kennedy, Patrick T F |
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Copyright | Copyright American Society for Clinical Investigation Oct 2018 |
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Snippet | Chronic HBV (CHB) infection suppresses virus-specific T cells, but its impact on humoral immunity has been poorly analyzed. Here, we developed a dual-staining... |
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SubjectTerms | Antigens Biomedical research CD40L protein Chronic infection Cytokines Fluorophores Gastroenterology Genotype & phenotype Heparan sulfate Hepatitis Hepatitis B Hepatitis B surface antigen Hepatology Humoral immunity Infections Interleukin 2 Interleukin 21 Lymphocyte receptors Lymphocytes Lymphocytes B Lymphocytes T Maturation PD-1 protein Phenotypes Surface antigens T cell receptors Vaccination Vaccines |
Title | PD-1 blockade partially recovers dysfunctional virus–specific B cells in chronic hepatitis B infection |
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