ORIGINAL ARTICLES Primary Care Clinicians Treat Patients with Medically Unexplained Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial

• Published in: Journal of general internal medicine : JGIM Vol. 21; no. 7; p. 671
• Main Authors: Smith, Robert C, Lyles, Judith S, Gardiner, Joseph C, Sirbu, Corina, Hodges, Annemarie, Collins, Clare, Dwamena, Francesca C, Lein, Catherine, Given, C William, Given, Barbara, Goddeeris, John
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer Nature B.V 01.07.2006
• Subjects: Clinical trials; Confidence intervals; Primary care
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00460.x
• ISSN: 0884-8734

OBJECTIVE: There is no proven primary care treatment for patients with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). We hypothesized that a long-term, multidimensional intervention by primary care providers would improve MUS patients' mental health. DESIGN: Clinical trial. SETTING: HMO in Lansing, MI. PARTICIPANTS: Patients from 18 to 65 years old with 2 consecutive years of high utilization were identified as having MUS by a reliable chart rating procedure; 206 subjects were randomized and 200 completed the study. INTERVENTION: From May 2000 to January 2003, 4 primary care clinicians deployed a 12-month intervention consisting of cognitive-behavioral, pharmacological, and other treatment modalities. A behaviorally defined patient-centered method was used by clinicians to facilitate this treatment and the provider-patient relationship. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The primary endpoint was an improvement from baseline to 12 months of 4 or more points on the Mental Component Summary of the SF-36. RESULTS: Two hundred patients averaged 13.6 visits for the year preceding study. The average age was 47.7 years and 79.1% were females. Using intent to treat, 48 treatment and 34 control patients improved (odds ratio [OR]=1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08 to 3.40; P=.02). The relative benefit (relative "risk" for improving) was 1.47 (CI: 1.05 to 2.07), and the number needed to treat was 6.4 (95% CI: 0.89 to 11.89). The following baseline measures predicted improvement: severe mental dysfunction (P<.001), severe body pain (P=.039), nonsevere physical dysfunction (P=.003), and at least 16 years of education (P=.022); c-statistic=0.75. CONCLUSION: The first multidimensional intervention by primary care clinicians led to clinically significant improvement in MUS patients.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]