Gestion des catastrophes de masse liees au naufrage de bateaux d'immigres clandestins : experience du service de medecine legale de Sfax
Contexte : Le naufrage d'un bateau d'immigration clandestine constitue un evenement imprevisible, responsable d'une catastrophe de masse pouvant generer une importante caisse de resonance mediatique. Cela constitue donc une urgence medico-sociale. Objectif : Dans ce travail, nous prop...
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Published in | Eastern Mediterranean health journal Vol. 28; no. 12; p. 879 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
World Health Organization
01.12.2022
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Subjects | |
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Abstract | Contexte : Le naufrage d'un bateau d'immigration clandestine constitue un evenement imprevisible, responsable d'une catastrophe de masse pouvant generer une importante caisse de resonance mediatique. Cela constitue donc une urgence medico-sociale. Objectif : Dans ce travail, nous proposons de rapporter le bilan de l'activite du service de medecine legale de Sfax (Tunisie), de decrire la procedure de gestion des catastrophes de masse liees au naufrage de bateaux d'immigres clandestins et d'etayer les principales difficultes rencontrees. Methodes : Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective et descriptive portant sur tous les cas de mort par submersion suite au naufrage de bateaux d'immigration clandestine, ayant fait l'objet d'une autopsie medico-legale au service de medecine legale de l'hopital Habib Bourguiba de Sfax, durant une periode de quatre ans allant d'octobre 2017 a septembre 2021. Resultats : Durant la periode d'etude, nous avons collige 539 deces par submersion a la suite de naufrages de bateaux d'immigration clandestine. La mediane des deces etait de 93 cas par an. Nous avons remarque un declin important du nombre de victimes en 2019 (13 victimes) puis une remontee importante en 2020 (115) et surtout en 2021 (271). Nous avons note deux pics de frequence pendant les mois de juin et juillet (31,4 % et 20,8 % respectivement). Les victimes etaient essentiellement de sexe masculin (67,5 %) avec un sex ratio de 2,08. Nous avons note la presence de mineurs ages de moins de 18 ans dans 5,8 % des cas et de femmes enceintes dans 2,4 % des cas. La majorite des victimes etaient d'origine subsaharienne (63,1 %). Nous avons note une augmentation du nombre de victimes de l'ethnie subsaharienne les deux dernieres annees. Des prelevements ont ete realises systematiquement pour une etude genetique. Le nombre de victimes identifiees etait de 146, soit 27,1 % de tous les cadavres. Conclusion : Meme si des avancees importantes ont pu etre realisees, differents defis et difficultes restent a surmonter pour pouvoir apporter une reponse rapide aux familles qui vivent dans l'incertitude quant au sort de leurs proches disparus. Mots-cles : Mediterranean migrations, Forensic management, identification of Illegal migrants, Interp Background: The sinking of illegal migrant boats has been unpredictable. It has resulted in mass disasters that cause deaths and attracts huge media attention, thus making it a medico-social emergency. Aims: This paper reports activities of the forensic medicine service in Sfax, Tunisia and describes the forensic management of mass disasters related to the sinking of illegal migrant boats as well as the main challenges. Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive study that includes all cases of drowning deaths examined at the forensic department of Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, following the sinking of illegal migrant boats over a four-year period (October 2017 to September 2021). Results: During the study period, we received 539 corpses following the sinking of illegal migrant boats. The median number of deaths was 93 per year. There was a significant decrease in the number of victims in 2019 (13 victims), followed by a significant increase in 2020 (115) and 2021 (271). We noted two frequency peak periods in June and July, 31.4% and 20.8%, respectively. The victims were mostly male (67.5%) with a sex ratio of 2.08. Minors aged under 18 years were 5.8% and pregnant women were 2.4%. The majority (63.1%) of the victims were of sub-Saharan origin and there has been an increase in the number of victims from this region over the past two years. Samples were systematically collected for genetic investigation and 146 (27.1%) victims were identified. Conclusion: There have been significant advances in the identification of the victims of migrant boat sinking around the Tunisian coast, however, there are several challenges in providing information rapidly to the families of the victims to clarify the uncertainty about the fate of their missing loved ones. |
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AbstractList | Contexte : Le naufrage d'un bateau d'immigration clandestine constitue un evenement imprevisible, responsable d'une catastrophe de masse pouvant generer une importante caisse de resonance mediatique. Cela constitue donc une urgence medico-sociale. Objectif : Dans ce travail, nous proposons de rapporter le bilan de l'activite du service de medecine legale de Sfax (Tunisie), de decrire la procedure de gestion des catastrophes de masse liees au naufrage de bateaux d'immigres clandestins et d'etayer les principales difficultes rencontrees. Methodes : Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective et descriptive portant sur tous les cas de mort par submersion suite au naufrage de bateaux d'immigration clandestine, ayant fait l'objet d'une autopsie medico-legale au service de medecine legale de l'hopital Habib Bourguiba de Sfax, durant une periode de quatre ans allant d'octobre 2017 a septembre 2021. Resultats : Durant la periode d'etude, nous avons collige 539 deces par submersion a la suite de naufrages de bateaux d'immigration clandestine. La mediane des deces etait de 93 cas par an. Nous avons remarque un declin important du nombre de victimes en 2019 (13 victimes) puis une remontee importante en 2020 (115) et surtout en 2021 (271). Nous avons note deux pics de frequence pendant les mois de juin et juillet (31,4 % et 20,8 % respectivement). Les victimes etaient essentiellement de sexe masculin (67,5 %) avec un sex ratio de 2,08. Nous avons note la presence de mineurs ages de moins de 18 ans dans 5,8 % des cas et de femmes enceintes dans 2,4 % des cas. La majorite des victimes etaient d'origine subsaharienne (63,1 %). Nous avons note une augmentation du nombre de victimes de l'ethnie subsaharienne les deux dernieres annees. Des prelevements ont ete realises systematiquement pour une etude genetique. Le nombre de victimes identifiees etait de 146, soit 27,1 % de tous les cadavres. Conclusion : Meme si des avancees importantes ont pu etre realisees, differents defis et difficultes restent a surmonter pour pouvoir apporter une reponse rapide aux familles qui vivent dans l'incertitude quant au sort de leurs proches disparus. Mots-cles : Mediterranean migrations, Forensic management, identification of Illegal migrants, Interp Background: The sinking of illegal migrant boats has been unpredictable. It has resulted in mass disasters that cause deaths and attracts huge media attention, thus making it a medico-social emergency. Aims: This paper reports activities of the forensic medicine service in Sfax, Tunisia and describes the forensic management of mass disasters related to the sinking of illegal migrant boats as well as the main challenges. Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive study that includes all cases of drowning deaths examined at the forensic department of Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, following the sinking of illegal migrant boats over a four-year period (October 2017 to September 2021). Results: During the study period, we received 539 corpses following the sinking of illegal migrant boats. The median number of deaths was 93 per year. There was a significant decrease in the number of victims in 2019 (13 victims), followed by a significant increase in 2020 (115) and 2021 (271). We noted two frequency peak periods in June and July, 31.4% and 20.8%, respectively. The victims were mostly male (67.5%) with a sex ratio of 2.08. Minors aged under 18 years were 5.8% and pregnant women were 2.4%. The majority (63.1%) of the victims were of sub-Saharan origin and there has been an increase in the number of victims from this region over the past two years. Samples were systematically collected for genetic investigation and 146 (27.1%) victims were identified. Conclusion: There have been significant advances in the identification of the victims of migrant boat sinking around the Tunisian coast, however, there are several challenges in providing information rapidly to the families of the victims to clarify the uncertainty about the fate of their missing loved ones. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Lebkem, Houcine Zribi, Malek Hammami, Zouhir Daoud, Fatma Amar, Wiem Ben Maatoug, Samir Karray, Narjes Dhouib, Hanen Siala, Hela |
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Title | Gestion des catastrophes de masse liees au naufrage de bateaux d'immigres clandestins : experience du service de medecine legale de Sfax |
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