Clinical and genetic characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21) in children and results of therapy according to protocol AML-MM-2000

• Published in: Onkogematologii͡a Vol. 6; no. 1; pp. 11 - 19
• Main Authors: I. I. Kalinina, M. M. Shneyder, N. P. Kirsanova, D. D. Baydildina, E. V. Suntsova, O. V. Goronkova, L. A. Khachatryan, G. A. Novichkova, M. A. Maschan, R. I. Yutskevich, E. V. Volochnik, T. V. Savitskaya, N. V. Minakovskaya, I. V. Proleskovskaya, I. V. Emelyanova, O. V. Karas, N. V. Migal, Yu. E. Mareyko, A. G. Drekov, J. V. Rumyantseva, E. V. Fleyshman, T. V. Nasedkina, O. V. Aleynikova, A. A. Maschan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: ABV-press 01.07.2014
• Subjects: 21; acute myeloid leukemia; aml-mm-2000 protocol; children
• ISSN: 1818-8346; 2413-4023
• DOI: 10.17650/1818-8346-2011-6-1-11-19

A t(8;21) is the most frequent abnormality in AML in children. Patients with this genetic abnormality are traditionally expected favorable prognosis with a probability of cure up to 80 %. Known additional cytogenetic abnormalities in AML with t(8;21) not affecting prognosis. These include loss of one sex chromosome and del(9q-). Prognosis impact of additional abnormalities involving chromosomes 7 and 11 in patients with t(8;21) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyse of additional anomalies, that occur in patients with t(8;21), and their influence on prognosis. During the study period 173 children with AML have received AML-MM-2000 treatment protocol in Russia and Belarus. Of these, in 33 patients (11 girls and 22 boys, median age — 10.5 years) t(8;21) was detected by chromosome banding or molecular-genetic analysis. In group with t(8;21) CNS leukemia in 8 patients was detected, extramedullary lesion — in 8 patients. In 4 patients CNS leukemia combined with presence of extramedullary lesions. These factors did not influence on therapy outcome. Overall survival of AML patients with t(8;21) was 0,67 ± 0,08 compared to 0,44 ± 0,04 in patients with AML without this translocation (p = 0,04). Special subgroup consist of 5 patients with t(8;21) and identified chromosomal abnormalities affecting chromosome 7 and 11, which were a poor prognostic factor: event-free survival in this subgroup of patients (n = 5) was 0,0 ± 0,0, compared to 0,34 ± 0,16 in patients with t(8;21) without additional anomalies (n = 28) (p = 0,027).