Fatigue behaviour of inkjet-printed silver interconnects on silica-coated mesoporous flexible PET substrate
Abstract Inkjet-printed silver conductive patterns are used in many flexible electronics applications ranging from health care, industrial assets management to aviation. Understanding of the electrical behaviour of these printed patterns under different mechanical stresses and environmental conditio...
Saved in:
Published in | Flexible and printed electronics Vol. 7; no. 1; p. 15011 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
01.03.2022
|
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | Abstract
Inkjet-printed silver conductive patterns are used in many flexible electronics applications ranging from health care, industrial assets management to aviation. Understanding of the electrical behaviour of these printed patterns under different mechanical stresses and environmental conditions is important for their real-life application use. The present work addresses a special system, silver interconnects on silica-coated mesoporous polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The combination of the substrate porosity and roughness, and a sintering temperature limited by the low glass transition temperature (
T
g
) of the PET leads to unique behaviours that may easily be misinterpreted. Thus, while the interconnect resistance increases during stretching and decreases with unloading, the resistance at zero load is lower after a given cycle than before it and it continues to drop in consecutive cycles. This effect is stronger for higher strain amplitudes, but it could be reduced or eliminated by preceding low temperature annealing. Humidity exposure and thermal cycling also led to major drops in resistance, albeit for different reasons, but both led to faster fatigue in subsequent mechanical deformation. Accounting for these behaviours in the assessment of life under realistic use conditions requires a mechanistic understanding. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Abstract
Inkjet-printed silver conductive patterns are used in many flexible electronics applications ranging from health care, industrial assets management to aviation. Understanding of the electrical behaviour of these printed patterns under different mechanical stresses and environmental conditions is important for their real-life application use. The present work addresses a special system, silver interconnects on silica-coated mesoporous polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The combination of the substrate porosity and roughness, and a sintering temperature limited by the low glass transition temperature (
T
g
) of the PET leads to unique behaviours that may easily be misinterpreted. Thus, while the interconnect resistance increases during stretching and decreases with unloading, the resistance at zero load is lower after a given cycle than before it and it continues to drop in consecutive cycles. This effect is stronger for higher strain amplitudes, but it could be reduced or eliminated by preceding low temperature annealing. Humidity exposure and thermal cycling also led to major drops in resistance, albeit for different reasons, but both led to faster fatigue in subsequent mechanical deformation. Accounting for these behaviours in the assessment of life under realistic use conditions requires a mechanistic understanding. |
Author | Alhendi, Mohammed Poliks, Mark D Borgesen, Peter Garakani, Behnam Khinda, Gurvinder Singh Stoffel, Nancy C Kokash, Maan Z |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Gurvinder Singh surname: Khinda fullname: Khinda, Gurvinder Singh – sequence: 2 givenname: Maan Z surname: Kokash fullname: Kokash, Maan Z – sequence: 3 givenname: Mohammed orcidid: 0000-0002-7650-7364 surname: Alhendi fullname: Alhendi, Mohammed – sequence: 4 givenname: Behnam surname: Garakani fullname: Garakani, Behnam – sequence: 5 givenname: Nancy C surname: Stoffel fullname: Stoffel, Nancy C – sequence: 6 givenname: Peter surname: Borgesen fullname: Borgesen, Peter – sequence: 7 givenname: Mark D surname: Poliks fullname: Poliks, Mark D |
BookMark | eNqdT0FOAkEQnBhIQOHOsT-w0ivZMJwNxKMH7pPZsVcGlmnSPUv09zLRGM-eurpSlaq6N6PEiYxZ1PhYo7XLJ2xsZRvbLH1oCOnOTH-p0R88MXPVIyLWm816ZXFqTjuf4_tA0NLBXyMPAtxBTKcj5eoiMWV6A439lQTKI4FTopAVOBU-Bl8F9kV1JuULCw8KXU8fse0JXrd70KHVLDfJzIw73yvNf-6Dwd12__xSBWFVoc7dAs9ePl2Nruxypbgrxd33rtU_LF_6e1sA |
Cites_doi | 10.1109/ECTC32862.2020.00337 10.1039/C6RA22422A 10.1115/1.4048591 10.1109/ECTC32862.2020.00285 10.1108/CW-10-2016-0047 10.1007/s10853-015-9643-3 10.1002/adfm.201903648 10.1088/2058-8585/ab670b 10.1016/j.microrel.2009.04.004 10.1088/2058-8585/aa5ab2 10.1039/C9TC01630A 10.1002/adma.200901141 10.1021/acsomega.9b00195 10.1088/2053-1591/aa85b6 10.1109/JSEN.2011.2182044 10.1021/acsami.5b02134 10.1109/JSEN.2013.2284033 10.1108/CW-11-2016-0054 10.1002/mop.31079 10.1002/mop.30834 10.1088/0957-4484/25/12/125706 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01846 10.1088/0957-4484/24/8/085701 10.1002/aelm.201600260 10.1109/APS.2015.7305368 10.1149/1.1393320 10.1108/CW-10-2015-0047 10.1002/admt.202000451 10.1109/ECTC.2018.00138 10.1109/ISSE.2015.7247959 10.1088/0957-4484/23/48/485704 10.1021/ie202807v 10.1088/1361-665X/aa5cca 10.1016/j.microrel.2010.06.011 10.1021/acsaelm.9b00229 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.12.077 10.1039/C4RA01327A 10.1021/acsami.5b12156 10.1039/C6LC01064D 10.1016/j.msea.2013.03.043 10.1021/acsami.6b12289 10.1109/ECTC.2019.00299 |
ContentType | Journal Article |
DBID | AAYXX CITATION |
DOI | 10.1088/2058-8585/ac5e0e |
DatabaseName | CrossRef |
DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Engineering |
EISSN | 2058-8585 |
ExternalDocumentID | 10_1088_2058_8585_ac5e0e |
GroupedDBID | AAGCD AATNI AAYXX ABHWH ABVAM ACGFS ACHIP AFYNE AKPSB ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOAED ASPBG ATQHT CITATION CJUJL CRLBU EBS IJHAN IOP IZVLO KOT M~E N5L PJBAE RIN ROL RPA |
ID | FETCH-crossref_primary_10_1088_2058_8585_ac5e0e3 |
ISSN | 2058-8585 |
IngestDate | Fri Aug 23 01:07:35 EDT 2024 |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 1 |
Language | English |
LinkModel | OpenURL |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-crossref_primary_10_1088_2058_8585_ac5e0e3 |
ORCID | 0000-0002-7650-7364 |
ParticipantIDs | crossref_primary_10_1088_2058_8585_ac5e0e |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 2022-03-01 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2022-03-01 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 03 year: 2022 text: 2022-03-01 day: 01 |
PublicationDecade | 2020 |
PublicationTitle | Flexible and printed electronics |
PublicationYear | 2022 |
References | Qamar (fpeac5e0ebib17) 2016; 6 Stewart (fpeac5e0ebib23) 2017; 9 Alhendi (fpeac5e0ebib35) 2018; vol 2018 Meng (fpeac5e0ebib8) 2019; 4 Andersson (fpeac5e0ebib40) 2013; 14 Shi (fpeac5e0ebib10) 2019; 29 Singh (fpeac5e0ebib2) 2010; 22 Nayak (fpeac5e0ebib4) 2019; 7 Pourahmadazar (fpeac5e0ebib18) 2017; 59 Raj (fpeac5e0ebib26) 2021; 143 Traiwatcharanon (fpeac5e0ebib38) 2017; 4 Andersson (fpeac5e0ebib39) 2011; 12 Ogura (fpeac5e0ebib41) 2000; 147 Bower (fpeac5e0ebib45) 2020; 5 Lane (fpeac5e0ebib21) 2015 Tomaszewski (fpeac5e0ebib5) 2017; 43 Sim (fpeac5e0ebib29) 2013; 575 Arazna (fpeac5e0ebib31) 2017; 43 Pourahmadazar (fpeac5e0ebib19) 2018; 60 Schuppert (fpeac5e0ebib12) 2011; vol 2011 Han (fpeac5e0ebib9) 2015; 271 Pietrikova (fpeac5e0ebib7) 2016; 42 Kim (fpeac5e0ebib1) 2017; 3 Ihalainen (fpeac5e0ebib6) 2012; 51 Menicanin (fpeac5e0ebib20) 2015 Mu (fpeac5e0ebib33) 2017; 26 Peng (fpeac5e0ebib22) 2015; 7 Merilampi (fpeac5e0ebib25) 2009; 49 Kim (fpeac5e0ebib32) 2013; 24 Dang (fpeac5e0ebib3) 2017; 2 Sivasubramony (fpeac5e0ebib34) 2018 Lee (fpeac5e0ebib27) 2012; 23 Khinda (fpeac5e0ebib44) 2019; 1 Khinda (fpeac5e0ebib42) 2019 Sathyanarayanan (fpeac5e0ebib15) 2020; 5 Dixon (fpeac5e0ebib16) 2016; 16 Pack (fpeac5e0ebib13) 2015; 31 Garakani (fpeac5e0ebib36) 2020 Merilampi (fpeac5e0ebib28) 2010; 50 Kim (fpeac5e0ebib24) 2014; 25 Mujawar (fpeac5e0ebib11) 2014; 4 Alhendi (fpeac5e0ebib37) 2019; vol 2019 Khinda (fpeac5e0ebib43) 2020 Rager (fpeac5e0ebib14) 2016; 8 Harris (fpeac5e0ebib30) 2016; 51 |
References_xml | – year: 2020 ident: fpeac5e0ebib36 article-title: Effects of process parameters and isothermal fatigue cycling on electromechanical properties of screen-printed interconnect on nonwovens for wearable electronics doi: 10.1109/ECTC32862.2020.00337 contributor: fullname: Garakani – volume: 6 start-page: 104919 year: 2016 ident: fpeac5e0ebib17 article-title: Wax patterned microwells for stem cell fate study publication-title: RSC Adv. doi: 10.1039/C6RA22422A contributor: fullname: Qamar – volume: 143 year: 2021 ident: fpeac5e0ebib26 article-title: Aging and fatigue of aerosol jet-printed nano-Ag traces on flexible substrate publication-title: J. Electron. Packag. doi: 10.1115/1.4048591 contributor: fullname: Raj – year: 2020 ident: fpeac5e0ebib43 article-title: Flexible inkjet-printed Patch antenna array on mesoporous PET substrate for 5G applications with stable RF performance after mechanical stress cycling doi: 10.1109/ECTC32862.2020.00285 contributor: fullname: Khinda – volume: vol 2011 year: 2011 ident: fpeac5e0ebib12 article-title: Ink jet printing of conductive silver tracks from nanoparticle inks on mesoporous substrates contributor: fullname: Schuppert – volume: 43 start-page: 9 year: 2017 ident: fpeac5e0ebib31 article-title: Mechanical and thermal reliability of conductive circuits inkjet printed on flexible substrates publication-title: Circuit World doi: 10.1108/CW-10-2016-0047 contributor: fullname: Arazna – volume: 51 start-page: 2771 year: 2016 ident: fpeac5e0ebib30 article-title: Flexible electronics under strain: a review of mechanical characterization and durability enhancement strategies publication-title: J. Mater. Sci. doi: 10.1007/s10853-015-9643-3 contributor: fullname: Harris – volume: 29 year: 2019 ident: fpeac5e0ebib10 article-title: In situ inkjet printing strategy for fabricating perovskite quantum dot patterns publication-title: Adv. Funct. Mater. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201903648 contributor: fullname: Shi – volume: 5 year: 2020 ident: fpeac5e0ebib45 article-title: Study of inkjet-printed serpentine structure on flexible substrates deformed over sculptured surfaces publication-title: Flex. Print. Electron. doi: 10.1088/2058-8585/ab670b contributor: fullname: Bower – volume: 49 start-page: 782 year: 2009 ident: fpeac5e0ebib25 article-title: The characterization of electrically conductive silver ink patterns on flexible substrates publication-title: Microelectron. Reliab. doi: 10.1016/j.microrel.2009.04.004 contributor: fullname: Merilampi – volume: vol 2018 year: 2018 ident: fpeac5e0ebib35 article-title: Fatigue cycling of electrical interconnects dispensed on flexible substrate contributor: fullname: Alhendi – volume: 2 year: 2017 ident: fpeac5e0ebib3 article-title: Printable stretchable interconnects publication-title: Flex. Print. Electron. doi: 10.1088/2058-8585/aa5ab2 contributor: fullname: Dang – volume: 7 start-page: 8771 year: 2019 ident: fpeac5e0ebib4 article-title: A review on inkjet printing of nanoparticle inks for flexible electronics publication-title: J. Mater. Chem. C doi: 10.1039/C9TC01630A contributor: fullname: Nayak – volume: 22 start-page: 673 year: 2010 ident: fpeac5e0ebib2 article-title: Inkjet printing—process and its applications publication-title: Adv. Mater. doi: 10.1002/adma.200901141 contributor: fullname: Singh – volume: 4 start-page: 4161 year: 2019 ident: fpeac5e0ebib8 article-title: Surface-modified substrates for quantum dot inks in printed electronics publication-title: ACS Omega doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00195 contributor: fullname: Meng – volume: 4 year: 2017 ident: fpeac5e0ebib38 article-title: Flexible room-temperature resistive humidity sensor based on silver nanoparticles publication-title: Mater. Res. Express doi: 10.1088/2053-1591/aa85b6 contributor: fullname: Traiwatcharanon – volume: 12 start-page: 1901 year: 2011 ident: fpeac5e0ebib39 article-title: Inkjet printed silver nanoparticle humidity sensor with memory effect on paper publication-title: IEEE Sens. J. doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2011.2182044 contributor: fullname: Andersson – volume: 7 start-page: 12597 year: 2015 ident: fpeac5e0ebib22 article-title: Joining of silver nanomaterials at low temperatures: processes, properties, and applications publication-title: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b02134 contributor: fullname: Peng – volume: 14 start-page: 623 year: 2013 ident: fpeac5e0ebib40 article-title: Investigation of humidity sensor effect in silver nanoparticle ink sensors printed on paper publication-title: IEEE Sens. J. doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2013.2284033 contributor: fullname: Andersson – volume: 43 start-page: 13 year: 2017 ident: fpeac5e0ebib5 article-title: Drops forming in inkjet printing of flexible electronic circuits publication-title: Circuit World doi: 10.1108/CW-11-2016-0054 contributor: fullname: Tomaszewski – volume: 60 start-page: 887 year: 2018 ident: fpeac5e0ebib19 article-title: Millimeter‐wave planar antenna on flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate with water base silver nanoparticles conductive ink publication-title: Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. doi: 10.1002/mop.31079 contributor: fullname: Pourahmadazar – volume: 59 start-page: 2830 year: 2017 ident: fpeac5e0ebib18 article-title: 60 GHz antenna array for millimeter‐wave wireless sensor devices using silver nanoparticles ink mounted on a flexible polymer substrate publication-title: Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. doi: 10.1002/mop.30834 contributor: fullname: Pourahmadazar – volume: 25 year: 2014 ident: fpeac5e0ebib24 article-title: Improving mechanical fatigue resistance by optimizing the nanoporous structure of inkjet-printed Ag electrodes for flexible devices publication-title: Nanotechnology doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/12/125706 contributor: fullname: Kim – volume: 31 start-page: 7953 year: 2015 ident: fpeac5e0ebib13 article-title: Colloidal drop deposition on porous substrates: competition among particle motion, evaporation, and infiltration publication-title: Langmuir doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01846 contributor: fullname: Pack – volume: 24 year: 2013 ident: fpeac5e0ebib32 article-title: Tensile characteristics of metal nanoparticle films on flexible polymer substrates for printed electronics applications publication-title: Nanotechnology doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/8/085701 contributor: fullname: Kim – volume: 3 year: 2017 ident: fpeac5e0ebib1 article-title: Advanced materials for printed wearable electrochemical devices: a review publication-title: Adv. Electron. Mater. doi: 10.1002/aelm.201600260 contributor: fullname: Kim – year: 2015 ident: fpeac5e0ebib21 article-title: Conductive inkjet printed ultra-wideband (UWB) planar monopole antenna on low cost flexible PET substrate material doi: 10.1109/APS.2015.7305368 contributor: fullname: Lane – volume: 147 start-page: 1105 year: 2000 ident: fpeac5e0ebib41 article-title: Effect of hygroscopicity of insulating unit of polymer composites on their response to relative humidity publication-title: J. Electrochem. Soc. doi: 10.1149/1.1393320 contributor: fullname: Ogura – volume: 42 start-page: 9 year: 2016 ident: fpeac5e0ebib7 article-title: Surface analysis of polymeric substrates used for inkjet printing technology publication-title: Circuit World doi: 10.1108/CW-10-2015-0047 contributor: fullname: Pietrikova – volume: 5 year: 2020 ident: fpeac5e0ebib15 article-title: A digital‐to‐channel microfluidic interface via inkjet printing of silver and UV curing of Thiol–Enes publication-title: Adv. Mater. Technol. doi: 10.1002/admt.202000451 contributor: fullname: Sathyanarayanan – year: 2018 ident: fpeac5e0ebib34 article-title: Isothermal fatigue of interconnections in flexible hybrid electronics based human performance monitors doi: 10.1109/ECTC.2018.00138 contributor: fullname: Sivasubramony – year: 2015 ident: fpeac5e0ebib20 article-title: Fully inkjet printed CPW meander inductors on PET flexible substrate doi: 10.1109/ISSE.2015.7247959 contributor: fullname: Menicanin – volume: 23 year: 2012 ident: fpeac5e0ebib27 article-title: Interfacial toughening of solution processed Ag nanoparticle thin films by organic residuals publication-title: Nanotechnology doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/48/485704 contributor: fullname: Lee – volume: 51 start-page: 6025 year: 2012 ident: fpeac5e0ebib6 article-title: Influence of surface properties of coated papers on printed electronics publication-title: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. doi: 10.1021/ie202807v contributor: fullname: Ihalainen – volume: 26 year: 2017 ident: fpeac5e0ebib33 article-title: Thermal cure effects on electromechanical properties of conductive wires by direct ink write for 4D printing and soft machines publication-title: Smart Mater. Struct. doi: 10.1088/1361-665X/aa5cca contributor: fullname: Mu – volume: 50 start-page: 2001 year: 2010 ident: fpeac5e0ebib28 article-title: Analysis of electrically conductive silver ink on stretchable substrates under tensile load publication-title: Microelectron. Reliab. doi: 10.1016/j.microrel.2010.06.011 contributor: fullname: Merilampi – volume: 1 start-page: 1290 year: 2019 ident: fpeac5e0ebib44 article-title: Transparent conductive printable meshes based on percolation patterns publication-title: ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. doi: 10.1021/acsaelm.9b00229 contributor: fullname: Khinda – volume: vol 2019 year: 2019 ident: fpeac5e0ebib37 article-title: Laser sintering of aerosol jet printed interconnects on flexible substrate contributor: fullname: Alhendi – volume: 271 start-page: 100 year: 2015 ident: fpeac5e0ebib9 article-title: Surface modification of plastic substrates via corona-pretreatment and its effects on the properties of carbon nanotubes for use of flexible transparent electrodes publication-title: Surf. Coat. Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.12.077 contributor: fullname: Han – volume: 4 start-page: 19380 year: 2014 ident: fpeac5e0ebib11 article-title: Influence of the relative humidity on the morphology of inkjet printed spots of IgG on a non-porous substrate publication-title: RSC Adv. doi: 10.1039/C4RA01327A contributor: fullname: Mujawar – volume: 8 start-page: 2441 year: 2016 ident: fpeac5e0ebib14 article-title: Low-thermal-budget photonic processing of highly conductive Cu interconnects based on CuO nanoinks: potential for flexible printed electronics publication-title: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b12156 contributor: fullname: Rager – volume: 16 start-page: 4560 year: 2016 ident: fpeac5e0ebib16 article-title: An inkjet printed, roll-coated digital microfluidic device for inexpensive, miniaturized diagnostic assays publication-title: Lab Chip doi: 10.1039/C6LC01064D contributor: fullname: Dixon – volume: 575 start-page: 86 year: 2013 ident: fpeac5e0ebib29 article-title: Effects of stretching and cycling on the fatigue behavior of polymer-supported Ag thin films publication-title: Mater. Sci. Eng. A doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2013.03.043 contributor: fullname: Sim – volume: 9 start-page: 1870 year: 2017 ident: fpeac5e0ebib23 article-title: Effect of morphology on the electrical resistivity of silver nanostructure films publication-title: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b12289 contributor: fullname: Stewart – year: 2019 ident: fpeac5e0ebib42 article-title: Effects of oven and laser sintering parameters on the electrical resistance of ijp nano-silver traces on mesoporous pet before and during fatigue cycling doi: 10.1109/ECTC.2019.00299 contributor: fullname: Khinda |
SSID | ssj0001997380 |
Score | 4.4435434 |
Snippet | Abstract
Inkjet-printed silver conductive patterns are used in many flexible electronics applications ranging from health care, industrial assets management to... |
SourceID | crossref |
SourceType | Aggregation Database |
StartPage | 15011 |
Title | Fatigue behaviour of inkjet-printed silver interconnects on silica-coated mesoporous flexible PET substrate |
Volume | 7 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LT8JAEN4gXvRgfMZ39uDFkEopLW2PxEBQg5KICbdmKVurldZQevEP-Ted6dJtEUzAhBSy3UxJ58u8Z5aQK1bXDbg3UpjqckU3TVWxaipXLM1l4PdYQ17H5uTuY6Pzot8PjEGp9F2oWkqmwxv3a2lfyX-4CmvAV-ySXYOzkigswG_gL1yBw3Bdicdt-H5NeNZrn0zEAIjgnU8VDNihNRm_Ye1zOhZi4mJViysyBLAO_FHciOGuMY8jsMSxHtbDEZnYT9Vr9SsxyJV0fm3RiG1nO8SQAfGc_DydPD3ko8OfRt4TkEjYRlN5BlUpI9APUcBiX7QMgZyRSZLmh8_DUVpn0I18jK2PZJ0Qm7BAnEOFsx1DNi7GLcDllYVbQrxpqmEpmJUUmmjJ2kw-mwswFLIWTFkhpxe0AEhObHTJiKG6cw2u8lznZXn-X6pQFiimqXnLcpCGgzQcQWGDbGqmbaCXf_fUy4N5tm3W01P65ENnKXEgUpVrVUGkYAIVbJn-LtmZOSG0KRC1R0o83CfbhdGUBySYYYtKbNHIo_PYogJbdA5bNArpHLZoji2aYYsCtqjE1iFR263-bUfJ_q_zKWagOH-9oPoRKYdRyI8JBWOX2zVbb4DO0A3bY_BhFpjsHvcMXTNPyPXKZE_X2HtGtnK8nZPydJLwC7Acp8PLlGs_4HR3Sg |
link.rule.ids | 315,786,790,27957,27958 |
linkProvider | IOP Publishing |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fatigue+behaviour+of+inkjet-printed+silver+interconnects+on+silica-coated+mesoporous+flexible+PET+substrate&rft.jtitle=Flexible+and+printed+electronics&rft.au=Khinda%2C+Gurvinder+Singh&rft.au=Kokash%2C+Maan+Z&rft.au=Alhendi%2C+Mohammed&rft.au=Garakani%2C+Behnam&rft.date=2022-03-01&rft.issn=2058-8585&rft.eissn=2058-8585&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15011&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F2058-8585%2Fac5e0e&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1088_2058_8585_ac5e0e |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2058-8585&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2058-8585&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2058-8585&client=summon |