On the evolution of expected values in open quantum systems

We derive a generalization of the Ehrenfest theorem valid for open quantum systems. From this result, we identify three factors contributing to the evolution of expected values: explicit time dependence of the observable, thermal interaction, and quantum coherence. When considering the local Hamilto...

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Main Authors Vallejo, Andrés, Romanelli, Alejandro, Donangelo, Raúl
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published 29.02.2024
Subjects
Physics - Quantum Physics
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Abstract We derive a generalization of the Ehrenfest theorem valid for open quantum systems. From this result, we identify three factors contributing to the evolution of expected values: explicit time dependence of the observable, thermal interaction, and quantum coherence. When considering the local Hamiltonian as the observable, we obtain an alternative version of the first law of thermodynamics. In some cases, the non-thermal contributions to the energy rate of change can be expressed as the expected value of a Hermitian operator, so the power performed by the system can be considered a quantum observable. As an application, the pure dephasing process is reinterpreted from this perspective.
AbstractList We derive a generalization of the Ehrenfest theorem valid for open quantum systems. From this result, we identify three factors contributing to the evolution of expected values: explicit time dependence of the observable, thermal interaction, and quantum coherence. When considering the local Hamiltonian as the observable, we obtain an alternative version of the first law of thermodynamics. In some cases, the non-thermal contributions to the energy rate of change can be expressed as the expected value of a Hermitian operator, so the power performed by the system can be considered a quantum observable. As an application, the pure dephasing process is reinterpreted from this perspective.
Author Vallejo, Andrés
Donangelo, Raúl
Romanelli, Alejandro
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  surname: Donangelo
  fullname: Donangelo, Raúl
BackLink https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2402.18895$$DView paper in arXiv
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Snippet We derive a generalization of the Ehrenfest theorem valid for open quantum systems. From this result, we identify three factors contributing to the evolution...
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Title On the evolution of expected values in open quantum systems
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