Revisión de ensayos clínicos controlados mediante cambios en el comportamiento para el tratamiento de la obesidad
El aumento en la prevalencia de la obesidad se ha asociado al aumento de enfermedades crónico-degenerativas. Las teorías de cambio de conducta (CC) se han utilizado como tratamiento para ayudar a los individuos a desarrollar una serie de habilidades para lograr un peso saludable. Se realizó una revi...
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Published in | Nutrición hospitalaria : organo oficial de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 1 - 5 |
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Format | Journal Article |
Language | Portuguese |
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Abstract | El aumento en la prevalencia de la obesidad se ha asociado al aumento de enfermedades crónico-degenerativas. Las teorías de cambio de conducta (CC) se han utilizado como tratamiento para ayudar a los individuos a desarrollar una serie de habilidades para lograr un peso saludable. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura de estudios clínicos controlados, registrados en PubMed y que incluyeran terapias de CC, de enero de 2000 a noviembre de 2006. Se encontraron cinco estudios con intervención o seguimiento a largo plazo (≥ 12 meses) y que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Se realizó un análisis individual de los resultados de cada uno de ellos. El porcentaje de reducción de peso al final del seguimiento oscila entre el 3% al 9% del peso inicial; el porcentaje de retención fue de 92% a los tres meses a 55% a los 24 meses. No se encontraron estudios realizados e población latina. Los resultados sugieren que la aplicación de CC ha dado resultados modestos en la población que termina el seguimiento y que la mayoría de estudios reportan un porcentaje bajo de adherencia a largo plazo. Se recomienda mayores apoyos para la realización de estudios multicéntricos aleatorios a largo plazo, que permitan determinar el tipo de medidas de control y tratamiento seguros y eficaces en poblaciones con diferentes patrones culturales, incluyendo países latinoamericanos. |
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AbstractList | El aumento en la prevalencia de la obesidad se ha asociado al aumento de enfermedades crónico-degenerativas. Las teorías de cambio de conducta (CC) se han utilizado como tratamiento para ayudar a los individuos a desarrollar una serie de habilidades para lograr un peso saludable. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura de estudios clínicos controlados, registrados en PubMed y que incluyeran terapias de CC, de enero de 2000 a noviembre de 2006. Se encontraron cinco estudios con intervención o seguimiento a largo plazo (≥ 12 meses) y que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Se realizó un análisis individual de los resultados de cada uno de ellos. El porcentaje de reducción de peso al final del seguimiento oscila entre el 3% al 9% del peso inicial; el porcentaje de retención fue de 92% a los tres meses a 55% a los 24 meses. No se encontraron estudios realizados e población latina. Los resultados sugieren que la aplicación de CC ha dado resultados modestos en la población que termina el seguimiento y que la mayoría de estudios reportan un porcentaje bajo de adherencia a largo plazo. Se recomienda mayores apoyos para la realización de estudios multicéntricos aleatorios a largo plazo, que permitan determinar el tipo de medidas de control y tratamiento seguros y eficaces en poblaciones con diferentes patrones culturales, incluyendo países latinoamericanos. |
Author | Armendáriz-Anguiano, A. L. Márquez-Ibáñez, B. Bacardí-Gascón, M. Jiménez-Cruz, A. |
AuthorAffiliation | Universidad Autónoma de Baja California |
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DocumentTitleAlternate | Review of controled clinical trials of behavioral treatment for obesity |
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Keywords | Obesidad Comportamiento de Conducta Obesity Teoría Treatment Theory Behavioral treatment Tratamiento |
Language | Portuguese |
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