2021年度长江口江心青草沙水库鱼类群落结构

S917.4; 为了解长江口江心青草沙水库的鱼类群落结构,于2021年对该水库进行了鱼类资源调查和群落结构分析.共采集鱼类3 209尾,分属于9目13科36属46种,以鲤科淡水鱼类为主;鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)、花(鱼骨)(Hemibarbus maculatus)、鲫(Carassius auratus)、刀鲚(Coilia nasus)、翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)、长蛇(鱼句)(Saurogobio dumerili)、花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)的 IRI均超过 1 0...

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Published in	上海海洋大学学报 Vol. 33; no. 1; pp. 114 - 123
Main Authors	邢烁, 张成, 陈立婧, 龚小玲
Format	Journal Article
Language	Chinese
Published	上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海 201306 2024 上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海 201306
Subjects	Jiangxin Reservoir fish assemblage structure 生态位 Yangtze River Estuary fish diversity 江心水库 ecological niche 鱼类多样性长江口鱼类群落结构
Online Access	Get full text
ISSN	1674-5566
DOI	10.12024/jsou.20230304118

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Abstract	S917.4; 为了解长江口江心青草沙水库的鱼类群落结构,于2021年对该水库进行了鱼类资源调查和群落结构分析.共采集鱼类3 209尾,分属于9目13科36属46种,以鲤科淡水鱼类为主;鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)、花(鱼骨)(Hemibarbus maculatus)、鲫(Carassius auratus)、刀鲚(Coilia nasus)、翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)、长蛇(鱼句)(Saurogobio dumerili)、花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)的 IRI均超过 1 000,为优势种;优势种生态位分析显示肉食性和杂食性鱼类在食物资源和生存环境存在较高的生态位重叠,这两种鱼类种群规模扩大受到食物、空间等资源的限制会比生态位重叠低的更大;鲢、鳙与其他鱼类生态位重叠较低,在水库内受到的食物、空间等资源的竞争较小.年度的Margalef种类丰富度指数(D)为5.70,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')为3.01,Pielou均匀度指数(J)为0.78,Simpson优势度指数(C)为0.81,与2015-2019年水库的调查相比,青草沙水库鱼类物种多样性提升明显,ABC曲线表明鱼类群落结构受外界因素干扰小,总体而言,青草沙水库鱼类更加丰富,群落处于稳中向好的状态.
AbstractList	S917.4; 为了解长江口江心青草沙水库的鱼类群落结构,于2021年对该水库进行了鱼类资源调查和群落结构分析.共采集鱼类3 209尾,分属于9目13科36属46种,以鲤科淡水鱼类为主;鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)、花(鱼骨)(Hemibarbus maculatus)、鲫(Carassius auratus)、刀鲚(Coilia nasus)、翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)、长蛇(鱼句)(Saurogobio dumerili)、花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)的 IRI均超过 1 000,为优势种;优势种生态位分析显示肉食性和杂食性鱼类在食物资源和生存环境存在较高的生态位重叠,这两种鱼类种群规模扩大受到食物、空间等资源的限制会比生态位重叠低的更大;鲢、鳙与其他鱼类生态位重叠较低,在水库内受到的食物、空间等资源的竞争较小.年度的Margalef种类丰富度指数(D)为5.70,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')为3.01,Pielou均匀度指数(J)为0.78,Simpson优势度指数(C)为0.81,与2015-2019年水库的调查相比,青草沙水库鱼类物种多样性提升明显,ABC曲线表明鱼类群落结构受外界因素干扰小,总体而言,青草沙水库鱼类更加丰富,群落处于稳中向好的状态.
Abstract_FL	In order to understand the fish community structure in Qingcaosha Reservoir in the Yangtze River estuary,the fish resources investigation and community structure analysis were carried out in 2021.A total of 3209 individuals were collected,identified and classified into 9 orders,13 families,36 genera and 46 species.The freshwater carnivorous fish species are the largest.The Index of Relative Importance,IRI of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Aristichthys nobilis,Hemibarbus maculatus,Carassius auratus,Coilia nasus,Culter alburnus,Saurogobio dumerili and Lateolabrax japonicus were more than 1 000 and all were dominant species.The niche analysis of dominant species showed that carnivorous and omnivorous fish had higher niche overlap in food resources and living environments.The population expansions of the two groups of fish should be more limited by food,space and other resources than the low niche overlap groups.The niche overlap among Silver carp,Bighead carp and other fish is lower,and the competitions for food,space and other living resources in the reservoir are also lower.In 2021,the Margalef species richness index(D)was 5.70,the Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H')was 3.01,the Pielou evenness index(J)was 0.78,and the Simpson dominance index(C)was 0.81.Compared with the results of fish diversity and the community structure from 2015 to 2019 in the Reservoir,the diversity index is increasing significantly.The ABC curve analysis showed that the community structure was less disturbed by external factors.
Author	张成邢烁陈立婧龚小玲
AuthorAffiliation	上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海 201306;上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海 201306
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Author_FL	XING Shuo GONG Xiaoling ZHANG Cheng CHEN Lijing
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Title	2021年度长江口江心青草沙水库鱼类群落结构
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