开采深度对低凹陷露天矿装载扬尘运移规律和质量浓度分布特征的影响分析
TD714; 为减少低凹陷露天矿装载扬尘对作业人员职业健康和外部环境污染的不利影响,依据气-固两相流理论,采用Fluent数值模拟方法,对不同开采深度条件下的低凹陷露天矿采装工作面装载扬尘的运移规律和质量浓度分布特征进行研究.研究结果表明:开采深度对装载扬尘扩散方式和呼吸带高度处装载扬尘质量浓度的影响显著;当开采深度H=0m时,受矿车的阻挡作用发生方柱扰流,装载扬尘颗粒逸出车厢后,沿X轴方向线性扩散,扩散距离随扩散时间延长而增大;当开采深度H>0m时,采场风流在台阶处发生流动分离,形成与开采深度同高的风流漩涡,装载扬尘颗粒逸出车厢后,随着大结构漩涡向四周扩散;随着开采深度增加,装载扬尘颗...
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| Published in | 中国矿业 Vol. 33; no. 7; pp. 142 - 148 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Magazine Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
湖北省工业安全工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉 430081%湖北景深安全技术有限公司,湖北武汉 430081
01.07.2024
武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉 430081 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1004-4051 |
| DOI | 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.20240454 |
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| Abstract | TD714; 为减少低凹陷露天矿装载扬尘对作业人员职业健康和外部环境污染的不利影响,依据气-固两相流理论,采用Fluent数值模拟方法,对不同开采深度条件下的低凹陷露天矿采装工作面装载扬尘的运移规律和质量浓度分布特征进行研究.研究结果表明:开采深度对装载扬尘扩散方式和呼吸带高度处装载扬尘质量浓度的影响显著;当开采深度H=0m时,受矿车的阻挡作用发生方柱扰流,装载扬尘颗粒逸出车厢后,沿X轴方向线性扩散,扩散距离随扩散时间延长而增大;当开采深度H>0m时,采场风流在台阶处发生流动分离,形成与开采深度同高的风流漩涡,装载扬尘颗粒逸出车厢后,随着大结构漩涡向四周扩散;随着开采深度增加,装载扬尘颗粒沿X轴扩散距离逐渐减小,沿Z轴运移扩散距离增大,矿车下风向呼吸带高度处装载扬尘质量浓度超标影响范围减小,装载扬尘在呼吸带高度上的质量浓度随扩散时间增加而逐渐降低,并在t=100 s时降低至职业接触限值 8 mg/m3 以下.本文研究为合理确定装载扬尘的污染影响范围和制定有效的装载扬尘治理措施提供决策参考. |
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| AbstractList | TD714; 为减少低凹陷露天矿装载扬尘对作业人员职业健康和外部环境污染的不利影响,依据气-固两相流理论,采用Fluent数值模拟方法,对不同开采深度条件下的低凹陷露天矿采装工作面装载扬尘的运移规律和质量浓度分布特征进行研究.研究结果表明:开采深度对装载扬尘扩散方式和呼吸带高度处装载扬尘质量浓度的影响显著;当开采深度H=0m时,受矿车的阻挡作用发生方柱扰流,装载扬尘颗粒逸出车厢后,沿X轴方向线性扩散,扩散距离随扩散时间延长而增大;当开采深度H>0m时,采场风流在台阶处发生流动分离,形成与开采深度同高的风流漩涡,装载扬尘颗粒逸出车厢后,随着大结构漩涡向四周扩散;随着开采深度增加,装载扬尘颗粒沿X轴扩散距离逐渐减小,沿Z轴运移扩散距离增大,矿车下风向呼吸带高度处装载扬尘质量浓度超标影响范围减小,装载扬尘在呼吸带高度上的质量浓度随扩散时间增加而逐渐降低,并在t=100 s时降低至职业接触限值 8 mg/m3 以下.本文研究为合理确定装载扬尘的污染影响范围和制定有效的装载扬尘治理措施提供决策参考. |
| Abstract_FL | In order to reduce the negative impact of loading dust on the occupational health of workers and external environmental pollution in low-concave open-pit mines,Fluent numerical simulation method is used to study the transportation law and mass concentration distribution characteristics of loading dust in the face of low-concave open-pit mines under the conditions of different mining depth conditions based on the theory of gas-solid two-phase flow.The results show that the mining depth has a significant influence on the loading dust diffusion mode and the loading dust mass concentration at the height of the breathing zone.When the mining depth H=0 m,the square column disturbance occurs due to the blocking effect of the ore car,and the loading dust particles escape from the cars and spread linearly along the X-axis,and the diffusion distance increases with the prolongation of diffusion time.When the mining depth H>0 m,the wind flow in the quarry at the step occurred flow separation,forming a large wind flow vortex with the same height as the mining depth.The loading dust particles escaped from the cars and diffuse around with the large structure vortex.With the increase of mining depth,the diffusion distance of loading dust particles along the X-axis gradually decreases,and the diffusion distance along the Z-axis increases,and the influence range of loading dust mass concentration exceeding the standard at the height of breathing zone downwind of the ore car decreases,and the mass concentration of the loading dust at the height of the breathing zone gradually decreases with the increase of the diffusion time and decreases to the occupational exposure limit of 8 mg/m3 or less at t=100 s.This paper provides decision-making reference for reasonably determining the pollution impact range of loading dust and formulating effective loading dust control measures. |
| Author | 黄兆云 杨玄保 张光权 蒋玉文 余晓轲 贺振祥 柯丽华 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉 430081;湖北省工业安全工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉 430081%湖北景深安全技术有限公司,湖北武汉 430081 |
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| Author_FL | KE Lihua ZHANG Guangquan JIANG Yuwen HE Zhenxiang YU Xiaoke YANG Xuanbao HUANG Zhaoyun |
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| DocumentTitle_FL | Analysis of the influence of mining depth on the transport pattern and mass concentration distribution characteristics of loading dust in low-concave open-pit mines |
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| Keywords | gas-solid two-phase flow 采装作业 装载扬尘 low-concave open-pit mine 气-固两相流 低凹陷露天矿 开采深度 数值模拟 mining depth loading operation loading dust numerical simulation |
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| Title | 开采深度对低凹陷露天矿装载扬尘运移规律和质量浓度分布特征的影响分析 |
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