不同配置乔灌混交林防风效益的风洞试验
X43; 防护林对减轻风沙灾害,改善和恢复干旱区生态环境意义重大.为优化干旱区防护林配置,该研究以旱柳、梭梭和油蒿为研究对象,设计A型(高密度)、B型(中密度)、C型(低密度)3类乔灌混交林模型,每类林带依据林龄(5、10和20 a)设计3种高度,共9种乔灌混交林模型.在12 m/s风速条件下进行风洞试验,分析不同配置乔灌混交林的风速频数、风速流场、有效防护面积.结果表明:不同配置的乔灌混交林背风面风速流场差异显著,等密度林带高度增加,带后相同位置的风速减小、气流越平稳,树龄5 a的中密度和低密度林带风速分别集中在7.2～7.6、7.5～8.5 m/s,树龄20 a的中密度和低密度林带风速分别...
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| Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 36; no. 11; pp. 95 - 102 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京,100091%Kazakh National Agrarian University,Nursultan,050010%中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心,磴口,015200
01.06.2020
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1002-6819 |
| DOI | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.11.011 |
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| Abstract | X43; 防护林对减轻风沙灾害,改善和恢复干旱区生态环境意义重大.为优化干旱区防护林配置,该研究以旱柳、梭梭和油蒿为研究对象,设计A型(高密度)、B型(中密度)、C型(低密度)3类乔灌混交林模型,每类林带依据林龄(5、10和20 a)设计3种高度,共9种乔灌混交林模型.在12 m/s风速条件下进行风洞试验,分析不同配置乔灌混交林的风速频数、风速流场、有效防护面积.结果表明:不同配置的乔灌混交林背风面风速流场差异显著,等密度林带高度增加,带后相同位置的风速减小、气流越平稳,树龄5 a的中密度和低密度林带风速分别集中在7.2～7.6、7.5～8.5 m/s,树龄20 a的中密度和低密度林带风速分别集中分布在4～5、4.5～5 m/s;树龄10 a的中密度和低密度带后最大风速与高密度林带相似,但最小风速分别为高密度林带的5.88、7.27倍,说明高密度林带降低风速作用明显,但风速随着林带距离的增加恢复迅速;不同密度林带的防风效能最佳区随带高的增加而向后移动,林带高度增加,林带密度优势减弱.因此,中高林龄的中密度乔灌混交林生态效益、经济效益最优. |
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| AbstractList | X43; 防护林对减轻风沙灾害,改善和恢复干旱区生态环境意义重大.为优化干旱区防护林配置,该研究以旱柳、梭梭和油蒿为研究对象,设计A型(高密度)、B型(中密度)、C型(低密度)3类乔灌混交林模型,每类林带依据林龄(5、10和20 a)设计3种高度,共9种乔灌混交林模型.在12 m/s风速条件下进行风洞试验,分析不同配置乔灌混交林的风速频数、风速流场、有效防护面积.结果表明:不同配置的乔灌混交林背风面风速流场差异显著,等密度林带高度增加,带后相同位置的风速减小、气流越平稳,树龄5 a的中密度和低密度林带风速分别集中在7.2～7.6、7.5～8.5 m/s,树龄20 a的中密度和低密度林带风速分别集中分布在4～5、4.5～5 m/s;树龄10 a的中密度和低密度带后最大风速与高密度林带相似,但最小风速分别为高密度林带的5.88、7.27倍,说明高密度林带降低风速作用明显,但风速随着林带距离的增加恢复迅速;不同密度林带的防风效能最佳区随带高的增加而向后移动,林带高度增加,林带密度优势减弱.因此,中高林龄的中密度乔灌混交林生态效益、经济效益最优. |
| Author | 刘明虎 刘朋飞 厉静文 辛智鸣 郭浩 Dosmanbetov D A |
| AuthorAffiliation | 中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京,100091%Kazakh National Agrarian University,Nursultan,050010%中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心,磴口,015200 |
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| Author_FL | Xin Zhiming Li Jingwen Guo Hao Liu Minghu Dosmanbetov D A Liu Pengfei |
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| Keywords | 风洞 试验 林带高度 乔灌混交林 林带密度 防风效益 林业 |
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| Title | 不同配置乔灌混交林防风效益的风洞试验 |
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