尾闾河道形态演变特征的模拟试验研究

TV147; 尾闾河道是河流与海洋交互的关键地带,对其形态演变研究具有生态环境意义.采用物理试验方法对常见的喇叭状和蜿蜒状(河口左偏与右偏)尾闾河道演变过程进行模拟,研究不同水沙条件下河道演变规律,并以河相系数和相对粗糙度为基准对不同河型稳定性进行评估.试验发现:河道平面形态会经历一个"稳定—微变—强变"阶段;河床平均高程和比降随时间的增加而增大,模型河道上游和河口段变化最大,中游段变化最小;加沙时上游河岸侵蚀、河床淤积,加沙停止后下游与河口段河岸侵蚀大于河床侵蚀,河口分汊、摆动.平面形态不稳定区域:蜿蜒状为下游段,最大与最小河相系数相差6.51倍以上;喇叭状为河口段,最大...

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Published in水科学进展 Vol. 35; no. 3; pp. 508 - 520
Main Authors 白玉川, 孙艳杰, 宋晓龙, 徐海珏, 吴金森, 田源
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 天津大学河流海岸工程泥沙研究所,天津 300350%天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津 300350 01.05.2024
天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津 300350
Subjects
tail river-estuary
河流形态
水沙变化
尾闾河道-河口
coefficient of fluvial facies
物理试验
water and sediment changes
physical experiment simulation
river pattern
河相关系
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1001-6791
DOI10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2024.03.014

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Abstract TV147; 尾闾河道是河流与海洋交互的关键地带,对其形态演变研究具有生态环境意义.采用物理试验方法对常见的喇叭状和蜿蜒状(河口左偏与右偏)尾闾河道演变过程进行模拟,研究不同水沙条件下河道演变规律,并以河相系数和相对粗糙度为基准对不同河型稳定性进行评估.试验发现:河道平面形态会经历一个"稳定—微变—强变"阶段;河床平均高程和比降随时间的增加而增大,模型河道上游和河口段变化最大,中游段变化最小;加沙时上游河岸侵蚀、河床淤积,加沙停止后下游与河口段河岸侵蚀大于河床侵蚀,河口分汊、摆动.平面形态不稳定区域:蜿蜒状为下游段,最大与最小河相系数相差6.51倍以上;喇叭状为河口段,最大与最小河相系数相差3.32倍以上.断面形态不稳定区域:左偏蜿蜒状为下游段,最大与最小相对粗糙度相差3倍以上;右偏蜿蜒状为上游段,最大与最小相对粗糙度相差2.03倍以上;喇叭状为下游段,最大与最小相对粗糙度相差4.09倍以上.
AbstractList TV147; 尾闾河道是河流与海洋交互的关键地带,对其形态演变研究具有生态环境意义.采用物理试验方法对常见的喇叭状和蜿蜒状(河口左偏与右偏)尾闾河道演变过程进行模拟,研究不同水沙条件下河道演变规律,并以河相系数和相对粗糙度为基准对不同河型稳定性进行评估.试验发现:河道平面形态会经历一个"稳定—微变—强变"阶段;河床平均高程和比降随时间的增加而增大,模型河道上游和河口段变化最大,中游段变化最小;加沙时上游河岸侵蚀、河床淤积,加沙停止后下游与河口段河岸侵蚀大于河床侵蚀,河口分汊、摆动.平面形态不稳定区域:蜿蜒状为下游段,最大与最小河相系数相差6.51倍以上;喇叭状为河口段,最大与最小河相系数相差3.32倍以上.断面形态不稳定区域:左偏蜿蜒状为下游段,最大与最小相对粗糙度相差3倍以上;右偏蜿蜒状为上游段,最大与最小相对粗糙度相差2.03倍以上;喇叭状为下游段,最大与最小相对粗糙度相差4.09倍以上.
Abstract_FL The tail river channel serves as a critical zone for the interaction between rivers and oceans,holding significant ecological and environmental implications.This study employs a physical experimental approach to simulate the evolution processes of common trumpet-shaped and meander-shaped(left-bending and right-bending at the estuary)tail river channels.The research investigates the morphological evolution patterns under varying water and sediment conditions.Evaluation of different river types'stability is based on coefficient of fluvial facies and relative roughness.The experiments reveal that the planar morphology of the river undergoes stages of"stability-micro-change-strong change."The average elevation and slope of the riverbed increase over time,with the most significant changes occurring in the upstream and estuary sections and the least in the midstream.Sediment addition results in upstream riverbank erosion and riverbed sedimentation.Following cessation,downstream and estuary sections experience more pronounced riverbank erosion than riverbed erosion,leading to estuarine bifurcation,oscillation,and shifting.The unstable areas in planar morphology are the downstream section for meander-shaped channels and the estuary section for trumpet-shaped channels,with significant differences in river phase coefficients.For cross-sectional morphology,the downstream section is unstable for left-bending meander-shaped channels(with a more than 3-fold difference in relative roughness),the upstream section for right-bending meander-shaped channels(more than a 2.03-fold difference in relative roughness),and the downstream section for trumpet-shaped channels(more than a 4.09-fold difference in relative roughness).
Author 孙艳杰
白玉川
徐海珏
宋晓龙
田源
吴金森
AuthorAffiliation 天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津 300350;天津大学河流海岸工程泥沙研究所,天津 300350%天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津 300350
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Author_FL WU Jinsen
BAI Yuchuan
SUN Yanjie
TIAN Yuan
XU Haijue
SONG Xiaolong
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Keywords tail river-estuary
河流形态
水沙变化
尾闾河道-河口
coefficient of fluvial facies
物理试验
water and sediment changes
physical experiment simulation
river pattern
河相关系
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PublicationTitle 水科学进展
PublicationTitle_FL Advances in Water Science
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Publisher 天津大学河流海岸工程泥沙研究所,天津 300350%天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津 300350
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Title 尾闾河道形态演变特征的模拟试验研究
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