Decreased beta 2-adrenoceptor density and decreased isoproterenol induced c-AMP increase in juvenile type I diabetes mellitus: an additional cause of severe hypoglycaemia in childhood diabetes?

• Published in: European journal of pediatrics Vol. 152; no. 10; p. 797
• Main Authors: Schwab, K O, Bartels, H, Martin, C, Leichtenschlag, E M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany 01.10.1993
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclic AMP - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - classification; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - metabolism; Granulocytes - metabolism; Humans; Hypoglycemia - complications; Hypoglycemia - physiopathology; In Vitro Techniques; Iodocyanopindolol; Isoproterenol - pharmacology; Lymphocytes - metabolism; Pindolol - analogs & derivatives; Pindolol - metabolism; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta - analysis
• DOI: 10.1007/BF02073373
• ISSN: 0340-6199

Little is known about the receptor and post receptor mechanisms of sympathoadrenal signal transmission in type I diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we examined the maximum binding of granulocyte beta 2-adrenoceptors and the in vitro c-AMP accumulation in lymphocytes of 24 children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus and 14 similarly aged healthy subjects. The number of high affinity beta 2-adrenoceptors on granulocytes correlated significantly with unstimulated (r = 0.6, P < 0.004) and with isoproterenol stimulated c-AMP values in lymphocytes (r = 0.68, P < 0.0007) showing the proportional changes of beta 2-adrenoceptors and c-AMP in two different cells. The number of beta 2-adrenoceptors on granulocytes was significantly reduced in diabetic as compared to healthy children (median 1397, range 599-3405 vs. 2205, 825-3200 beta 2-adrenoceptors per granulocyte, P = 0.014). Moreover, the percentage in vitro stimulation of c-AMP by isoproterenol in lymphocytes was significantly reduced in diabetic children as compared to healthy individuals (120%, 39%-278% vs. 225%, 66%-500%, P = 0.012). These results indicate a decreased sympathoadrenergic signal transmission in peripheral blood cells as a model for the liver probably contributing to severe hypoglycaemia in diabetic children.