Regulation of the lic operon of Bacillus subtilis and characterization of potential phosphorylation sites of the LicR regulator protein by site-directed mutagenesis
The lic operon of Bacillus subtilis is required for the transport and degradation of oligomeric beta-glucosides, which are produced by extracellular enzymes on substrates such as lichenan or barley glucan. The lic operon is transcribed from a sigma(A)-dependent promoter and is inducible by lichenan,...
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| Published in | Journal of bacteriology Vol. 181; no. 16; pp. 4995 - 5003 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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United States
American Society for Microbiology
01.08.1999
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| Abstract | The lic operon of Bacillus subtilis is required for the transport and degradation of oligomeric beta-glucosides, which are produced by extracellular enzymes on substrates such as lichenan or barley glucan. The lic operon is transcribed from a sigma(A)-dependent promoter and is inducible by lichenan, lichenan hydrolysate, and cellobiose. Induction of the operon requires a DNA sequence with dyad symmetry located immediately upstream of the licBCAH promoter. Expression of the lic operon is positively controlled by the LicR regulator protein, which contains two potential helix-turn-helix motifs, two phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) regulation domains (PRDs), and a domain similar to PTS enzyme IIA (EIIA). The activity of LicR is stimulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of both PRD-I and PRD-II by the general PTS components and is negatively regulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of its EIIA domain by the specific EII(Lic) in the absence of oligomeric beta-glucosides. This was shown by the analysis of licR mutants affected in potential phosphorylation sites. Moreover, the lic operon is subject to carbon catabolite repression (CCR). CCR takes place via a CcpA-dependent mechanism and a CcpA-independent mechanism in which the general PTS enzyme HPr is involved. |
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| AbstractList | The
lic
operon of
Bacillus subtilis
is required for the transport and degradation of oligomeric β-glucosides, which are produced by extracellular enzymes on substrates such as lichenan or barley glucan. The
lic
operon is transcribed from a ς
A
-dependent promoter and is inducible by lichenan, lichenan hydrolysate, and cellobiose. Induction of the operon requires a DNA sequence with dyad symmetry located immediately upstream of the
licBCAH
promoter. Expression of the
lic
operon is positively controlled by the LicR regulator protein, which contains two potential helix-turn-helix motifs, two phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) regulation domains (PRDs), and a domain similar to PTS enzyme IIA (EIIA). The activity of LicR is stimulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of both PRD-I and PRD-II by the general PTS components and is negatively regulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of its EIIA domain by the specific EII
Lic
in the absence of oligomeric β-glucosides. This was shown by the analysis of
licR
mutants affected in potential phosphorylation sites. Moreover, the
lic
operon is subject to carbon catabolite repression (CCR). CCR takes place via a CcpA-dependent mechanism and a CcpA-independent mechanism in which the general PTS enzyme HPr is involved. The lic operon of Bacillus subtilis is required for the transport and degradation of oligomeric beta-glucosides, which are produced by extracellular enzymes on substrates such as lichenan or barley glucan. The lic operon is transcribed from a sigmaA-dependent promoter and is inducible by lichenan, lichenan hydrolysate, and cellobiose. The lic operon of Bacillus subtilis is required for the transport and degradation of oligomeric beta -glucosides, which are produced by extracellular enzymes on substrates such as lichenan or barley glucan. The lic operon is transcribed from a sigma super(A)-dependent promoter and is inducible by lichenan, lichenan hydrolysate, and cellobiose. Induction of the operon requires a DNA sequence with dyad symmetry located immediately upstream of the licBCAH promoter. Expression of the lic operon is positively controlled by the LicR regulator protein, which contains two potential helix-turn-helix motifs, two phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) regulation domains (PRDs), and a domain similar to PTS enzyme IIA (EIIA). The activity of LicR is stimulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of both PRD-I and PRD-II by the general PTS components and is negatively regulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of its EIIA domain by the specific EII super(Lic) in the absence of oligomeric beta -glucosides. This was shown by the analysis of licR mutants affected in potential phosphorylation sites. Moreover, the lic operon is subject to carbon catabolite repression (CCR). CCR takes place via a CcpA-dependent mechanism and a CcpA-independent mechanism in which the general PTS enzyme HPr is involved. The lic operon of Bacillus subtilis is required for the transport and degradation of oligomeric beta-glucosides, which are produced by extracellular enzymes on substrates such as lichenan or barley glucan. The lic operon is transcribed from a sigma(A)-dependent promoter and is inducible by lichenan, lichenan hydrolysate, and cellobiose. Induction of the operon requires a DNA sequence with dyad symmetry located immediately upstream of the licBCAH promoter. Expression of the lic operon is positively controlled by the LicR regulator protein, which contains two potential helix-turn-helix motifs, two phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) regulation domains (PRDs), and a domain similar to PTS enzyme IIA (EIIA). The activity of LicR is stimulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of both PRD-I and PRD-II by the general PTS components and is negatively regulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of its EIIA domain by the specific EII(Lic) in the absence of oligomeric beta-glucosides. This was shown by the analysis of licR mutants affected in potential phosphorylation sites. Moreover, the lic operon is subject to carbon catabolite repression (CCR). CCR takes place via a CcpA-dependent mechanism and a CcpA-independent mechanism in which the general PTS enzyme HPr is involved. The lic operon of Bacillus subtilis is required for the transport and degradation of oligomeric beta-glucosides, which are produced by extracellular enzymes on substrates such as lichenan or barley glucan. The lic operon is transcribed from a sigma(A)-dependent promoter and is inducible by lichenan, lichenan hydrolysate, and cellobiose. Induction of the operon requires a DNA sequence with dyad symmetry located immediately upstream of the licBCAH promoter. Expression of the lic operon is positively controlled by the LicR regulator protein, which contains two potential helix-turn-helix motifs, two phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) regulation domains (PRDs), and a domain similar to PTS enzyme IIA (EIIA). The activity of LicR is stimulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of both PRD-I and PRD-II by the general PTS components and is negatively regulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of its EIIA domain by the specific EII(Lic) in the absence of oligomeric beta-glucosides. This was shown by the analysis of licR mutants affected in potential phosphorylation sites. Moreover, the lic operon is subject to carbon catabolite repression (CCR). CCR takes place via a CcpA-dependent mechanism and a CcpA-independent mechanism in which the general PTS enzyme HPr is involved.The lic operon of Bacillus subtilis is required for the transport and degradation of oligomeric beta-glucosides, which are produced by extracellular enzymes on substrates such as lichenan or barley glucan. The lic operon is transcribed from a sigma(A)-dependent promoter and is inducible by lichenan, lichenan hydrolysate, and cellobiose. Induction of the operon requires a DNA sequence with dyad symmetry located immediately upstream of the licBCAH promoter. Expression of the lic operon is positively controlled by the LicR regulator protein, which contains two potential helix-turn-helix motifs, two phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) regulation domains (PRDs), and a domain similar to PTS enzyme IIA (EIIA). The activity of LicR is stimulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of both PRD-I and PRD-II by the general PTS components and is negatively regulated by modification (probably phosphorylation) of its EIIA domain by the specific EII(Lic) in the absence of oligomeric beta-glucosides. This was shown by the analysis of licR mutants affected in potential phosphorylation sites. Moreover, the lic operon is subject to carbon catabolite repression (CCR). CCR takes place via a CcpA-dependent mechanism and a CcpA-independent mechanism in which the general PTS enzyme HPr is involved. |
| Author | Tobisch, S Hecker, M Stülke, J |
| AuthorAffiliation | Institut für Mikrobiologie und Molekularbiologie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, D-17487 Greifswald, 1 and Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Institut für Mikrobiologie, Biochemie und Genetik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, 2 Germany |
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| Notes | SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut für Mikrobiologie und Molekularbiologie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Strasse 15, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany. Phone: 49(0)3834-864200. Fax: 49(0)3834-864202. E-mail: hecker@microbio7.biologie.uni-greifswald.de. |
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| Snippet | The lic operon of Bacillus subtilis is required for the transport and degradation of oligomeric beta-glucosides, which are produced by extracellular enzymes on... The lic operon of Bacillus subtilis is required for the transport and degradation of oligomeric beta -glucosides, which are produced by extracellular enzymes... The lic operon of Bacillus subtilis is required for the transport and degradation of oligomeric β-glucosides, which are produced by extracellular enzymes on... |
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| SubjectTerms | Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis - genetics Bacillus subtilis - metabolism Bacteria Bacterial Proteins Bacteriology Cellular biology Chromosome Mapping DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases - genetics Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial - drug effects Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects Genetic Complementation Test Genetics and Molecular Biology Glucans - pharmacology Glycoside Hydrolases - genetics Glycoside Hydrolases - metabolism Lac Operon Mutagenesis, Site-Directed Mutation Operon - genetics Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System - chemistry Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System - genetics Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System - metabolism Phosphorylation Plasmids Promoter Regions, Genetic Protein Structure, Tertiary Proteins Recombinant Fusion Proteins - genetics Recombinant Fusion Proteins - metabolism Regulation Repressor Proteins - genetics Sigma Factor - genetics Trans-Activators - genetics Trans-Activators - metabolism |
| Title | Regulation of the lic operon of Bacillus subtilis and characterization of potential phosphorylation sites of the LicR regulator protein by site-directed mutagenesis |
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