Orthogonal lipid sensors identify transbilayer asymmetry of plasma membrane cholesterol
Orthogonal cholesterol sensors that are useful for imaging cholesterol in the plasma membrane leaflets reveal an asymmetry in which a high outer leaflet concentration is important for signaling processes and is potentially actively maintained. Controlled distribution of lipids across various cell me...
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Published in | Nature chemical biology Vol. 13; no. 3; pp. 268 - 274 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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01.03.2017
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Abstract | Orthogonal cholesterol sensors that are useful for imaging cholesterol in the plasma membrane leaflets reveal an asymmetry in which a high outer leaflet concentration is important for signaling processes and is potentially actively maintained.
Controlled distribution of lipids across various cell membranes is crucial for cell homeostasis and regulation. We developed an imaging method that allows simultaneous
in situ
quantification of cholesterol in two leaflets of the plasma membrane (PM) using tunable orthogonal cholesterol sensors. Our imaging revealed marked transbilayer asymmetry of PM cholesterol (TAPMC) in various mammalian cells, with the concentration in the inner leaflet (IPM) being ∼12-fold lower than that in the outer leaflet (OPM). The asymmetry was maintained by active transport of cholesterol from IPM to OPM and its chemical retention at OPM. Furthermore, the increase in the IPM cholesterol level was triggered in a stimulus-specific manner, allowing cholesterol to serve as a signaling lipid. We found excellent correlation between the IPM cholesterol level and cellular Wnt signaling activity, suggesting that TAPMC and stimulus-induced PM cholesterol redistribution are crucial for tight regulation of cellular processes under physiological conditions. |
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AbstractList | Controlled distribution of lipids across various cell membranes is crucial for cell homeostasis and regulation. We developed an imaging method that allows simultaneous in situ quantification of cholesterol in two leaflets of the plasma membrane (PM) using tunable orthogonal cholesterol sensors. Our imaging revealed marked transbilayer asymmetry of PM cholesterol (TAPMC) in various mammalian cells, with the concentration in the inner leaflet (IPM) being ∼12-fold lower than that in the outer leaflet (OPM). The asymmetry was maintained by active transport of cholesterol from IPM to OPM and its chemical retention at OPM. Furthermore, the increase in the IPM cholesterol level was triggered in a stimulus-specific manner, allowing cholesterol to serve as a signaling lipid. We found excellent correlation between the IPM cholesterol level and cellular Wnt signaling activity, suggesting that TAPMC and stimulus-induced PM cholesterol redistribution are crucial for tight regulation of cellular processes under physiological conditions. Controlled distribution of lipids across various cell membranes is crucial for cell homeostasis and regulation. We developed an imaging method that allows simultaneous in situ quantification of cholesterol in two leaflets of the plasma membrane (PM) using tunable orthogonal cholesterol sensors. Our imaging revealed marked transbilayer asymmetry of PM cholesterol (TAPMC) in various mammalian cells, with the concentration in the inner leaflet (IPM) being 12-fold lower than that in the outer leaflet (OPM). The asymmetry was maintained by active transport of cholesterol from IPM to OPM and its chemical retention at OPM. Furthermore, the increase in the IPM cholesterol level was triggered in a stimulus-specific manner, allowing cholesterol to serve as a signaling lipid. We found excellent correlation between the IPM cholesterol level and cellular Wnt signaling activity, suggesting that TAPMC and stimulus-induced PM cholesterol redistribution are crucial for tight regulation of cellular processes under physiological conditions. Orthogonal cholesterol sensors that are useful for imaging cholesterol in the plasma membrane leaflets reveal an asymmetry in which a high outer leaflet concentration is important for signaling processes and is potentially actively maintained. Controlled distribution of lipids across various cell membranes is crucial for cell homeostasis and regulation. We developed an imaging method that allows simultaneous in situ quantification of cholesterol in two leaflets of the plasma membrane (PM) using tunable orthogonal cholesterol sensors. Our imaging revealed marked transbilayer asymmetry of PM cholesterol (TAPMC) in various mammalian cells, with the concentration in the inner leaflet (IPM) being ∼12-fold lower than that in the outer leaflet (OPM). The asymmetry was maintained by active transport of cholesterol from IPM to OPM and its chemical retention at OPM. Furthermore, the increase in the IPM cholesterol level was triggered in a stimulus-specific manner, allowing cholesterol to serve as a signaling lipid. We found excellent correlation between the IPM cholesterol level and cellular Wnt signaling activity, suggesting that TAPMC and stimulus-induced PM cholesterol redistribution are crucial for tight regulation of cellular processes under physiological conditions. Controlled distribution of lipids across various cell membranes is crucial for cell homeostasis and regulation. We developed an imaging method that allows simultaneous in situ quantification of cholesterol in two leaflets of the plasma membrane (PM) using tunable orthogonal cholesterol sensors. Our imaging revealed marked transbilayer asymmetry of PM cholesterol (TAPMC) in various mammalian cells, with the concentration in the inner leaflet (IPM) being ~12-fold lower than that in the outer leaflet (OPM). The asymmetry was maintained by active transport of cholesterol from IPM to OPM and its chemical retention at OPM. Furthermore, the increase in the IPM cholesterol level was triggered in a stimulus-specific manner, allowing cholesterol to serve as a signaling lipid. We found excellent correlation between the IPM cholesterol level and cellular Wnt signaling activity, suggesting that TAPMC and stimulus-induced PM cholesterol redistribution are crucial for tight regulation of cellular processes under physiological conditions. |
Author | Sheng, Ren O'Connor, Matthew J Song, Seohyoen Bikkavilli, Rama Kamesh Wang, Li Stec, Ewa Kim, Kwang-Pyo Cho, Wonhwa Jung, Jae Hun Ueda, Kazumitsu Lee, Daesung Levitan, Irena Winn, Robert A Baek, Kwanghee Liu, Shu-Lin |
AuthorAffiliation | 2 Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea 5 Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), and Division of Applied Life Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 3 Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA 4 Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA – name: 4 Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea – name: 2 Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea – name: 5 Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), and Division of Applied Life Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan – name: 3 Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Shu-Lin surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Shu-Lin organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago – sequence: 2 givenname: Ren surname: Sheng fullname: Sheng, Ren organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago – sequence: 3 givenname: Jae Hun surname: Jung fullname: Jung, Jae Hun organization: Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University – sequence: 4 givenname: Li surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Li organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago – sequence: 5 givenname: Ewa surname: Stec fullname: Stec, Ewa organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago – sequence: 6 givenname: Matthew J surname: O'Connor fullname: O'Connor, Matthew J organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago – sequence: 7 givenname: Seohyoen surname: Song fullname: Song, Seohyoen organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago – sequence: 8 givenname: Rama Kamesh surname: Bikkavilli fullname: Bikkavilli, Rama Kamesh organization: Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago – sequence: 9 givenname: Robert A surname: Winn fullname: Winn, Robert A organization: Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago – sequence: 10 givenname: Daesung surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Daesung organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago – sequence: 11 givenname: Kwanghee surname: Baek fullname: Baek, Kwanghee organization: Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University – sequence: 12 givenname: Kazumitsu surname: Ueda fullname: Ueda, Kazumitsu organization: and Division of Applied Life Sciences, Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University – sequence: 13 givenname: Irena surname: Levitan fullname: Levitan, Irena organization: Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago – sequence: 14 givenname: Kwang-Pyo surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Kwang-Pyo organization: Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University – sequence: 15 givenname: Wonhwa surname: Cho fullname: Cho, Wonhwa email: wcho@uic.edu organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University |
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Snippet | Orthogonal cholesterol sensors that are useful for imaging cholesterol in the plasma membrane leaflets reveal an asymmetry in which a high outer leaflet... Controlled distribution of lipids across various cell membranes is crucial for cell homeostasis and regulation. We developed an imaging method that allows... |
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SubjectTerms | 631/80/86 631/92/287 631/92/314 631/92/96 Asymmetry Biochemical Engineering Biochemistry Bioorganic Chemistry Cell Biology Cell Line Cell Membrane - chemistry Chemistry Chemistry/Food Science Cholesterol Cholesterol - analysis HEK293 Cells Homeostasis Humans Hyperlipidemia Lipids Lipids - chemistry Membranes Sensors |
Title | Orthogonal lipid sensors identify transbilayer asymmetry of plasma membrane cholesterol |
URI | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/nchembio.2268 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28024150 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1869210538 https://search.proquest.com/docview/1853356443 https://search.proquest.com/docview/1872818197 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5912897 |
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