Effects of predator chemical cues and behavioral biorhythms on foraging activity of terrestrial salamanders
Red-backed salamanders, Plethodon cinereus, show a variety of alarm responses to chemical cues from eastern garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis. We measured the foraging activity of red-backed salamanders exposed to water soiled by a garter snake (fed P. cinereus) or to unsoiled water. Salamanders ex...
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Published in | Journal of chemical ecology Vol. 27; no. 7; pp. 1333 - 1344 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
New York, NY
Springer
01.07.2001
Springer Nature B.V |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | Red-backed salamanders, Plethodon cinereus, show a variety of alarm responses to chemical cues from eastern garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis. We measured the foraging activity of red-backed salamanders exposed to water soiled by a garter snake (fed P. cinereus) or to unsoiled water. Salamanders exposed to snake-soiled water showed less foraging activity than salamanders exposed to unsoiled water; therefore, predators could have nonlethal effects on salamander populations. Our results also show additional factors influenced salamander foraging activity. Salamander foraging activity and responsiveness to chemical cues do not appear to have been affected by sex or food deprivation. Salamander foraging activity does appear to have been influenced by activity biorhythms. Foraging activity of animals in both treatments showed a bimodal periodicity that is consistent with natural activity patterns controlled by internal biorhythms. Exposure to snake-soiled water significantly reduced foraging activity during periods of peak foraging activity, but had a subtler effect on foraging activity during natural lulls in activity. We suggest that both activity biorhythms and exposure to chemical cues are important factors affecting salamander foraging behavior. |
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AbstractList | Red-backed salamanders, Plethodon cinereus, show a variety of alarm responses to chemical cues from eastern garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis. We measured the foraging activity of red-backed salamanders exposed to water soiled by a garter snake (fed P. cinereus) or to unsoiled water. Salamanders exposed to snake-soiled water showed less foraging activity than salamanders exposed to unsoiled water; therefore, predators could have nonlethal effects on salamander populations. Our results also show additional factors influenced salamander foraging activity. Salamander foraging activity and responsiveness to chemical cues do not appear to have been affected by sex or food deprivation. Salamander foraging activity does appear to have been influenced by activity biorhythms. Foraging activity of animals in both treatments showed a bimodal periodicity that is consistent with natural activity patterns controlled by internal biorhythms. Exposure to snake-soiled water significantly reduced foraging activity during periods of peak foraging activity, but had a subtler effect0 on foraging activity during natural lulls in activity. We suggest that both activity biorhythms and exposure to chemical cues are important factors affecting salamander foraging behavior.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Red-backed salamanders, Plethodon cinereus, show a variety of alarm responses to chemical cues from eastern garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis. We measured the foraging activity of red-backed salamanders exposed to water soiled by a garter snake (fed P. cinereus) or to unsoiled water. Salamanders exposed to snake-soiled water showed less foraging activity than salamanders exposed to unsoiled water; therefore, predators could have nonlethal effects on salamander populations. Our results also show additional factors influenced salamander foraging activity. Salamander foraging activity and responsiveness to chemical cues do not appear to have been affected by sex or food deprivation. Salamander foraging activity does appear to have been influenced by activity biorhythms. Foraging activity of animals in both treatments showed a bimodal periodicity that is consistent with natural activity patterns controlled by internal biorhythms. Exposure to snake-soiled water significantly reduced foraging activity during periods of peak foraging activity, but had a subtler effect on foraging activity during natural lulls in activity. We suggest that both activity biorhythms and exposure to chemical cues are important factors affecting salamander foraging behavior. |
Author | PANEBIANCO, Nova L MADISON, Dale M MAERZ, John C |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: John C surname: MAERZ fullname: MAERZ, John C organization: Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902-6000, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Nova L surname: PANEBIANCO fullname: PANEBIANCO, Nova L organization: Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902-6000, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Dale M surname: MADISON fullname: MADISON, Dale M organization: Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902-6000, United States |
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Keywords | Predator prey relation Vertebrata Plethodon cinereus Caudata Amphibia Reptilia Biological rhythm Predator Foraging behavior Odor Ophidia |
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References | 5770622 - Science. 1969 Jun 13;164(3885):1290-2 10053069 - Anim Behav. 1999 Jan;57(1):33-39 28310289 - Oecologia. 1979 Jan;44(3):335-341 10432117 - Nature. 1999 Jul 22;400(6742):375-8 28310036 - Oecologia. 1980 Sep;46(3):302-307 |
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Snippet | Red-backed salamanders, Plethodon cinereus, show a variety of alarm responses to chemical cues from eastern garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis. We measured the... |
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SubjectTerms | Amphibia and reptilia Animal behavior Animal ethology Animals Biological and medical sciences Biorhythms Chemoreceptor Cells Circadian Rhythm Colubridae Energy Intake Female Foraging behavior Freshwater Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Male Plethodon cinereus Predators Predatory Behavior Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Reptiles & amphibians Sex Factors Smell Snakes Thamnophis sirtalis Urodela Vertebrata Water |
Title | Effects of predator chemical cues and behavioral biorhythms on foraging activity of terrestrial salamanders |
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