Metoprolol and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: Does Intraoperative Metoprolol Attenuate Acute β-Adrenergic Receptor Desensitization During Cardiac Surgery?
Cardiac surgery results in significant impairment of β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) function and is a cause of depressed myocardial function after surgery. We previously demonstrated that acute administration of βAR blocker during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in an animal model of coronary artery bypas...
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Published in | Anesthesia and analgesia Vol. 98; no. 5; pp. 1224 - 1231 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Hagerstown, MD
International Anesthesia Research Society
01.05.2004
Lippincott |
Subjects | |
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Abstract | Cardiac surgery results in significant impairment of β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) function and is a cause of depressed myocardial function after surgery. We previously demonstrated that acute administration of βAR blocker during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in an animal model of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery attenuates βAR desensitization, whereas chronic oral β-blockade therapy in patients undergoing CABG surgery does not prevent it. Therefore we hypothesized that acute administration of metoprolol during CABG surgery would prevent acute myocardial βAR desensitization. A placebo-controlled initial phase (n = 72) was performed whereby patients were randomized to either metoprolol 10 mg or placebo immediately before CPB. Then a second dose-finding study was performed where patients received 20 mg (n = 20) or 30 mg (n = 20) of metoprolol. Hemodynamic monitoring, atrial membrane adenylyl cyclase activity, atrial βAR density, and postoperative outcomes were measured. All groups showed similar decreases in isoproterenol-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity (13%–24%). Cardiac output remained similar in all 4 groups throughout the intraoperative and postoperative period. In addition, patients receiving metoprolol 20 or 30 mg had less supraventricular arrhythmias 24 h postoperatively compared with patients receiving metoprolol 10 mg or placebo. Therefore, unlike our previous animal model of CABG surgery, metoprolol did not attenuate myocardial βAR desensitization. |
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AbstractList | UNLABELLEDCardiac surgery results in significant impairment of beta-adrenergic receptor (beta AR) function and is a cause of depressed myocardial function after surgery. We previously demonstrated that acute administration of beta AR blocker during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in an animal model of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery attenuates beta AR desensitization, whereas chronic oral beta-blockade therapy in patients undergoing CABG surgery does not prevent it. Therefore we hypothesized that acute administration of metoprolol during CABG surgery would prevent acute myocardial beta AR desensitization. A placebo-controlled initial phase (n = 72) was performed whereby patients were randomized to either metoprolol 10 mg or placebo immediately before CPB. Then a second dose-finding study was performed where patients received 20 mg (n = 20) or 30 mg (n = 20) of metoprolol. Hemodynamic monitoring, atrial membrane adenylyl cyclase activity, atrial beta AR density, and postoperative outcomes were measured. All groups showed similar decreases in isoproterenol-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity (13%-24%). Cardiac output remained similar in all 4 groups throughout the intraoperative and postoperative period. In addition, patients receiving metoprolol 20 or 30 mg had less supraventricular arrhythmias 24 h postoperatively compared with patients receiving metoprolol 10 mg or placebo. Therefore, unlike our previous animal model of CABG surgery, metoprolol did not attenuate myocardial beta AR desensitization.IMPLICATIONSWe investigated whether IV metoprolol given during cardiac surgery attenuates myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor (beta AR) desensitization. Although metoprolol did not reduce beta AR desensitization, the incidence of supraventricular arrhythmias was reduced by 75% in patients receiving 20 mg or 30 mg metoprolol. Cardiac surgery results in significant impairment of beta-adrenergic receptor (beta AR) function and is a cause of depressed myocardial function after surgery. We previously demonstrated that acute administration of beta AR blocker during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in an animal model of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery attenuates beta AR desensitization, whereas chronic oral beta-blockade therapy in patients undergoing CABG surgery does not prevent it. Therefore we hypothesized that acute administration of metoprolol during CABG surgery would prevent acute myocardial beta AR desensitization. A placebo-controlled initial phase (n = 72) was performed whereby patients were randomized to either metoprolol 10 mg or placebo immediately before CPB. Then a second dose-finding study was performed where patients received 20 mg (n = 20) or 30 mg (n = 20) of metoprolol. Hemodynamic monitoring, atrial membrane adenylyl cyclase activity, atrial beta AR density, and postoperative outcomes were measured. All groups showed similar decreases in isoproterenol-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity (13%-24%). Cardiac output remained similar in all 4 groups throughout the intraoperative and postoperative period. In addition, patients receiving metoprolol 20 or 30 mg had less supraventricular arrhythmias 24 h postoperatively compared with patients receiving metoprolol 10 mg or placebo. Therefore, unlike our previous animal model of CABG surgery, metoprolol did not attenuate myocardial beta AR desensitization. We investigated whether IV metoprolol given during cardiac surgery attenuates myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor (beta AR) desensitization. Although metoprolol did not reduce beta AR desensitization, the incidence of supraventricular arrhythmias was reduced by 75% in patients receiving 20 mg or 30 mg metoprolol. Cardiac surgery results in significant impairment of β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) function and is a cause of depressed myocardial function after surgery. We previously demonstrated that acute administration of βAR blocker during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in an animal model of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery attenuates βAR desensitization, whereas chronic oral β-blockade therapy in patients undergoing CABG surgery does not prevent it. Therefore we hypothesized that acute administration of metoprolol during CABG surgery would prevent acute myocardial βAR desensitization. A placebo-controlled initial phase (n = 72) was performed whereby patients were randomized to either metoprolol 10 mg or placebo immediately before CPB. Then a second dose-finding study was performed where patients received 20 mg (n = 20) or 30 mg (n = 20) of metoprolol. Hemodynamic monitoring, atrial membrane adenylyl cyclase activity, atrial βAR density, and postoperative outcomes were measured. All groups showed similar decreases in isoproterenol-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity (13%–24%). Cardiac output remained similar in all 4 groups throughout the intraoperative and postoperative period. In addition, patients receiving metoprolol 20 or 30 mg had less supraventricular arrhythmias 24 h postoperatively compared with patients receiving metoprolol 10 mg or placebo. Therefore, unlike our previous animal model of CABG surgery, metoprolol did not attenuate myocardial βAR desensitization. |
Author | Booth, John V Ward, Erin E Newman, Mark F El-Moalem, Habib Colgan, Kelly C Funk, Bonita L Schwinn, Debra A Milano, Carmelo Smith, Peter K Smith, Michael P |
AuthorAffiliation | From the Departments of Anesthesiology, †Surgery, and ‡Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, for the Duke Heart Center Perioperative Desensitization Group |
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Snippet | Cardiac surgery results in significant impairment of β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) function and is a cause of depressed myocardial function after surgery. We... Cardiac surgery results in significant impairment of beta-adrenergic receptor (beta AR) function and is a cause of depressed myocardial function after surgery.... UNLABELLEDCardiac surgery results in significant impairment of beta-adrenergic receptor (beta AR) function and is a cause of depressed myocardial function... |
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SubjectTerms | Adenylyl Cyclases - metabolism Adrenergic beta-Antagonists - administration & dosage Adrenergic beta-Antagonists - therapeutic use Aged Anesthesia Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy Biological and medical sciences Cardiac Output - physiology Cardiac Surgical Procedures Cardiotonic Agents - administration & dosage Cardiotonic Agents - therapeutic use Coronary Artery Bypass Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Double-Blind Method Endpoint Determination Female Heart - drug effects Hemodynamics - drug effects Hemodynamics - physiology Humans Injections, Intravenous Intraoperative Period Male Medical sciences Metoprolol - administration & dosage Metoprolol - therapeutic use Middle Aged Myocardium - enzymology Myocardium - metabolism Receptors, Adrenergic, beta - drug effects Receptors, Adrenergic, beta - physiology Tachycardia, Supraventricular - physiopathology Tachycardia, Supraventricular - prevention & control |
Title | Metoprolol and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: Does Intraoperative Metoprolol Attenuate Acute β-Adrenergic Receptor Desensitization During Cardiac Surgery? |
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