GC-MS analysis, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of Saussurea hypoleuca spreng. Root

• Published in: Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences Vol. 34; no. 1(Supplementary); pp. 291 - 300
• Main Authors: Arshad, Numera, Ishtiaq, Saiqa, Khan, Farrakh Zia, Danish, Zeeshan, Rashid, Ahmad Junaid, Ijaz, Bushra, Tariq, Somayya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Pakistan 01.01.2021
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Carrageenan - toxicity; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Cell Survival - drug effects; Cyclooxygenase 2 - drug effects; Cyclooxygenase 2 - metabolism; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Formaldehyde - toxicity; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Inflammation - chemically induced; Inflammation - metabolism; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Roots; Rats; Saussurea
• DOI: 10.36721/PJPS.2021.34.1.SUP.291-300.1
• ISSN: 1011-601X

Study has been premeditated to appraise the anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of a native medicinal plant Saussurea hypoleuca Spreng root. Anticancer assays including MTT, Alamar Blue (AB), Neutral Red (NR) & LDH were employed on root methanolic extract (RME) and all fractions to calculate % age of cell viability and cell cytotoxicity. All fractions of plant root were tested for in vitro as well as in vivo anti-inflammatory assays by reported methods. GC-MS analysis of n-hexane: chloroform fractions in column chromatography has shown isopropyl myristate, hexadecanoic acid, 11-octadecenoic acid, Di-n-octyl phthalate, dioctyl ether, decanedioic acid, 1H-3a,7-Methanoazulene, 3,4-hexanedione and Tetracosapentaene. Percentage of cell viability in anticancer assays was significantly high in all fractions. However, whole results were momentous with ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions owning to excellent profile in evaluating cytotoxicity in each assay. COX-2 inhibition was calculated which was high in RME (68.69%), ethyl acetate (56.52%), aqueous (55.21%) and chloroform fraction (53.47%). Carrageenan and formalin models were developed on rats to investigate in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. RME (56.19%, 71.09%, 66.4%, 67.99%) and ethyl acetate (51.36%, 64.97%, 55.63% & 61.01%) produced significant % age inhibition in dose dependent manner at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses respectively. All above findings direct that plant root holds strong anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities.