Compensation for red-green contrast loss in anomalous trichromats
For anomalous trichromats, threshold contrasts for color differences captured by the L and M cones and their anomalous analogs are much higher than for normal trichromats. The greater spectral overlap of the cone sensitivities reduces chromatic contrast both at and above threshold. But above thresho...
Saved in:
Published in | Journal of vision (Charlottesville, Va.) Vol. 14; no. 13; p. 19 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
20.11.2014
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | For anomalous trichromats, threshold contrasts for color differences captured by the L and M cones and their anomalous analogs are much higher than for normal trichromats. The greater spectral overlap of the cone sensitivities reduces chromatic contrast both at and above threshold. But above threshold, adaptively nonlinear processing might compensate for the chromatically impoverished photoreceptor inputs. Ratios of sensitivity for threshold variations and for color appearance along the two cardinal axes of MacLeod-Boynton chromaticity space were calculated for three groups: normals (N = 15), deuteranomals (N = 9), and protanomals (N = 5). Using a four-alternative forced choice (4AFC) task, threshold sensitivity was measured in four color-directions along the two cardinal axes. For the same participants, we reconstructed perceptual color spaces for the positions of 25 hues using multidimensional scaling (MDS). From the reconstructed color spaces we extracted "color difference ratios," defined as ratios for the size of perceived color differences along the L/(L + M) axis relative to those along the S/(L + M) axis, analogous to "sensitivity ratios" extracted from the 4AFC task. In the 4AFC task, sensitivity ratios were 38% of normal for deuteranomals and 19% of normal for protanomals. Yet, in the MDS results, color difference ratios were 86% of normal for deuteranomals and 67% of normal for protanomals. Thus, the contraction along the L/(L + M) axis shown in the perceptual color spaces of anomalous trichromats is far smaller than predicted by their reduced sensitivity, suggesting that an adaptive adjustment of postreceptoral gain may magnify the cone signals of anomalous trichromats to exploit the range of available postreceptoral neural signals. |
---|---|
AbstractList | For anomalous trichromats, threshold contrasts for color differences captured by the L and M cones and their anomalous analogs are much higher than for normal trichromats. The greater spectral overlap of the cone sensitivities reduces chromatic contrast both at and above threshold. But above threshold, adaptively nonlinear processing might compensate for the chromatically impoverished photoreceptor inputs. Ratios of sensitivity for threshold variations and for color appearance along the two cardinal axes of MacLeod-Boynton chromaticity space were calculated for three groups: normals (N = 15), deuteranomals (N = 9), and protanomals (N = 5). Using a four-alternative forced choice (4AFC) task, threshold sensitivity was measured in four color-directions along the two cardinal axes. For the same participants, we reconstructed perceptual color spaces for the positions of 25 hues using multidimensional scaling (MDS). From the reconstructed color spaces we extracted "color difference ratios," defined as ratios for the size of perceived color differences along the L/(L + M) axis relative to those along the S/(L + M) axis, analogous to "sensitivity ratios" extracted from the 4AFC task. In the 4AFC task, sensitivity ratios were 38% of normal for deuteranomals and 19% of normal for protanomals. Yet, in the MDS results, color difference ratios were 86% of normal for deuteranomals and 67% of normal for protanomals. Thus, the contraction along the L/(L + M) axis shown in the perceptual color spaces of anomalous trichromats is far smaller than predicted by their reduced sensitivity, suggesting that an adaptive adjustment of postreceptoral gain may magnify the cone signals of anomalous trichromats to exploit the range of available postreceptoral neural signals. For anomalous trichromats, threshold contrasts for color differences captured by the L and M cones and their anomalous analogs are much higher than for normal trichromats. The greater spectral overlap of the cone sensitivities reduces chromatic contrast both at and above threshold. But above threshold, adaptively nonlinear processing might compensate for the chromatically impoverished photoreceptor inputs. Ratios of sensitivity for threshold variations and for color appearance along the two cardinal axes of MacLeod-Boynton chromaticity space were calculated for three groups: normals ( N = 15), deuteranomals ( N = 9), and protanomals ( N = 5). Using a four-alternative forced choice (4AFC) task, threshold sensitivity was measured in four color-directions along the two cardinal axes. For the same participants, we reconstructed perceptual color spaces for the positions of 25 hues using multidimensional scaling (MDS). From the reconstructed color spaces we extracted “color difference ratios,” defined as ratios for the size of perceived color differences along the L/(L + M) axis relative to those along the S/(L + M) axis, analogous to “sensitivity ratios” extracted from the 4AFC task. In the 4AFC task, sensitivity ratios were 38% of normal for deuteranomals and 19% of normal for protanomals. Yet, in the MDS results, color difference ratios were 86% of normal for deuteranomals and 67% of normal for protanomals. Thus, the contraction along the L/(L + M) axis shown in the perceptual color spaces of anomalous trichromats is far smaller than predicted by their reduced sensitivity, suggesting that an adaptive adjustment of postreceptoral gain may magnify the cone signals of anomalous trichromats to exploit the range of available postreceptoral neural signals. |
Author | Boehm, A E MacLeod, D I A Bosten, J M |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: A E surname: Boehm fullname: Boehm, A E organization: Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA Vision Science Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: D I A surname: MacLeod fullname: MacLeod, D I A organization: Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: J M surname: Bosten fullname: Bosten, J M organization: Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25413625$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
BookMark | eNpVkElLxEAQhRtRnEXBXyA5esnYeycXYRjcYMCLnkNvmWlJumN3R_DfG3EUPRVVr_hevVqAYx-8BeACwRVCXFwjukJkheojMEeM0FIQjmdgkdIrhBgyiE7BDDOKpjGbg_Um9IP1SWYXfNGGWERryl201hc6-BxlykUXUiqcL6QPvezCmIocnd7HqcvpDJy0skv2_FCX4OXu9nnzUG6f7h836205oJrnEllMccWYrpDgpFUEKaZqBQWF9aQpiJkSXBPNDVdEGVMLzqlpDau0ghUjS3DzzR1G1Vuj7ddxXTNE18v40QTpmv-Kd_tmF94biumUXEyAqwMghrfRptz0LmnbddLbKVODOBZQEFzDafXyr9evyc_fyCehr26w |
ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | 2014 ARVO. 2014 ARVO 2014 |
Copyright_xml | – notice: 2014 ARVO. – notice: 2014 ARVO 2014 |
DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 5PM |
DOI | 10.1167/14.13.19 |
DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) |
DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic |
DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Medicine |
EISSN | 1534-7362 |
EndPage | 19 |
ExternalDocumentID | 25413625 |
Genre | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: NEI NIH HHS grantid: R01 EY001711 – fundername: NEI NIH HHS grantid: EY01711 |
GroupedDBID | --- 29L 2WC 53G 5GY 5VS AAFWJ ABIVO ACGFO ADBBV AENEX AFPKN ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS BAWUL BCNDV CGR CS3 CUY CVF DIK DU5 E3Z EBS ECM EIF EJD F5P FRP GROUPED_DOAJ GX1 KQ8 M~E NPM OK1 P2P RHF RNS RPM TR2 TRV W2D W8F XSB 7X8 5PM |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-p196t-1e242855c81763fb31b5b9b074091e2b025b76c3c6d6b3bdd97664dfd58cb0853 |
IEDL.DBID | RPM |
IngestDate | Fri Sep 01 02:30:06 EDT 2023 Fri Apr 12 13:31:47 EDT 2024 Thu May 23 23:19:51 EDT 2024 |
IsDoiOpenAccess | false |
IsOpenAccess | true |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 13 |
Keywords | anomalous trichromacy postreceptoral gain color appearance multidimensional scaling protanomaly color sensitivity deuteranomaly |
Language | English |
License | 2014 ARVO. |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-p196t-1e242855c81763fb31b5b9b074091e2b025b76c3c6d6b3bdd97664dfd58cb0853 |
Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
PMID | 25413625 |
PQID | 1627073290 |
PQPubID | 23479 |
PageCount | 1 |
ParticipantIDs | pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_4240027 proquest_miscellaneous_1627073290 pubmed_primary_25413625 |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 20141120 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2014-11-20 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 11 year: 2014 text: 20141120 day: 20 |
PublicationDecade | 2010 |
PublicationPlace | United States |
PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States |
PublicationTitle | Journal of vision (Charlottesville, Va.) |
PublicationTitleAlternate | J Vis |
PublicationYear | 2014 |
Publisher | The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology |
Publisher_xml | – name: The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology |
References | 7483302 - Vision Res. 1995 Sep;35(18):2579-88 8864125 - Science. 1996 Nov 1;274(5288):801-4 9893851 - Vision Res. 1998 Nov;38(21):3371-6 21893078 - Vision Res. 2011 Oct 15;51(20):2224-33 16277285 - J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2005 Oct;22(10):2154-68 8160402 - Vision Res. 1994 Apr;34(7):885-912 13852803 - J Exp Psychol. 1960 May;59:321-9 301185 - J Physiol. 1977 Apr;266(3):595-612 490231 - J Opt Soc Am. 1979 Aug;69(8):1183-6 301187 - J Physiol. 1977 Apr;266(3):647-75 4544323 - J Opt Soc Am. 1974 Jan;64(1):92-6 6844102 - Percept Psychophys. 1983 Feb;33(2):113-20 18598426 - Vis Neurosci. 2008 May-Jun;25(3):507-16 9274775 - Vision Res. 1997 Jul;37(14):1897-907 20147325 - Proc Biol Sci. 2010 Jun 22;277(1689):1817-25 8185948 - Neuron. 1994 May;12(5):1131-8 1129973 - Vision Res. 1975 Feb;15(2):161-71 20883345 - Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2010 Sep;30(5):602-10 8301403 - J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 1993 Dec;10(12):2491-521 9893852 - Vision Res. 1998 Nov;38(21):3377-85 11563536 - Network. 2001 Aug;12(3):395-407 18151607 - Arch Ophtalmol Rev Gen Ophtalmol. 1949 May;28(5):261-78 10598477 - Percept Psychophys. 1999 Nov;61(8):1662-74 897664 - Science. 1977 Sep 16;197(4309):1195-6 12194876 - Neuron. 2002 Aug 15;35(4):783-92 3485310 - Science. 1986 Apr 11;232(4747):203-10 1415215 - Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Oct;51(4):687-700 10546345 - J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 1999 Nov;16(11):2625-37 1411542 - Science. 1992 Oct 16;258(5081):464-6 1304093 - Vision Res. 1992 Nov;32(11):2165-75 1527649 - J Opt Soc Am A. 1992 Sep;9(9):1465-76 24695194 - J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2014 Apr 1;31(4):A357-64 21167193 - Vision Res. 2011 Apr 13;51(7):633-51 13118543 - J Physiol. 1953 Nov 28;122(2):332-50 4428632 - Vision Res. 1974 Nov;14(11):1237-44 15518204 - Vis Neurosci. 2004 May-Jun;21(3):301-7 14123941 - J Opt Soc Am. 1964 Feb;54:256-62 1557124 - Nature. 1992 Apr 2;356(6368):433-5 9176953 - Spat Vis. 1997;10(4):437-42 9176952 - Spat Vis. 1997;10(4):433-6 1502795 - Vision Res. 1992 Jan;32(1):105-10 16332521 - Curr Biol. 2005 Dec 6;15(23):R950-2 8533344 - Vision Res. 1995 Nov;35(22):3083-91 |
References_xml | |
SSID | ssj0020501 |
Score | 2.2989023 |
Snippet | For anomalous trichromats, threshold contrasts for color differences captured by the L and M cones and their anomalous analogs are much higher than for normal... |
SourceID | pubmedcentral proquest pubmed |
SourceType | Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database |
StartPage | 19 |
SubjectTerms | Adult Choice Behavior Color Perception Tests - methods Color Vision - physiology Color Vision Defects - physiopathology Contrast Sensitivity - physiology Female Humans Male Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells - physiology Sensory Thresholds - physiology Young Adult |
Title | Compensation for red-green contrast loss in anomalous trichromats |
URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25413625 https://search.proquest.com/docview/1627073290 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC4240027 |
Volume | 14 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Na8IwGA7qYewy9j33IRnsWm2aj6ZHEUUGHTtM8FaSJk5Bo2h33W_fm9qOOXbapVCaQnjfJM_zkCdvEHqaGQAlSUCp0kQGzKo40DJRAaBrZEREFFP-cHL6IsYT9jzl0wbi9VmY0rSf60XXLVddt5iX3srNKu_VPrHeazpg3vgImr2JmjGltUSvVFbIQ1JVmSUi7hHWJbRLfHVQ0EIE1mv-F5n87Yn8ATKjU3RSsUPc3_fiDDWsO0dHabX_fYH6fvqC8CzDiYFv4q01wbv3zuDSdK52BV4C7uGFw8qtV2oJyh77KvzzLbwVu0s0GQ3fBuOgugQh2MDkKAJiAUQl57kksBTMNCWa60QD8gPS20gDZ9GxyGkujNBUGwP8QjAzM1zmGvgUvUItt3b2BmEurYwlV4wySEGoJKXahiyHeUxUIsM2eqzjksEg8zsHylnoZkZEFMNaECXQ5nofp2yzr4aR1VFto_gggt8NfAHrwy-Q17KQdZXH23__eYeOgcAwfzYwCu9Rq9h-2AcgCYXulOIanunnsFMOkC_9NMAv |
link.rule.ids | 230,315,733,786,790,870,891,27957,27958,53827,53829 |
linkProvider | National Library of Medicine |
linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV07T8MwED5BkYCF96M8jcSaNI7txBkrBCrQIgZAbJGduLSiTas2Xfj1nNMEUcQCY2RHcu7su-_k774AXHZTTEqSYqXKIulwo0JHy0g5mF39NPCp4so2J3cegtYzv3sVr0sgql6YgrSf6L6bDYZu1u8V3MrxMGlUPLHGY-eKW-Ij1uzLsILn1Q-rIr2sszzh0VJnlgZhg3KXMpdafVCshihGbPEbnPzJivyWZm424aVa4Jxd8u7Ocu0mHz-0G__8BVuwUQJP0pwPb8OSyXZgtVNere9C00YGrGkLTxGEsmRiUufN0nJIwWdX05wMMKWSfkZUNhqqwWg2JVbgvzfBp3y6B883109XLaf8v4IzxnOXO9RgfpZCJJJilOlqRrXQkUZQgSDC-BrhkA6DhCVBGmim0xShS8DTbipkohGqsX2oZaPMHAIR0shQCsUZR-96SjKmjccTDBFURdKrw0Vl8Bj3r72UUJnBZcY08EMMM36Ecw7mDojHc6GNuHJXHcIF13xNsNrYiyNo8EIjuzTw0b_fPIe11lOnHbdvH-6PYR1xErctiL53ArV8MjOniEVyfVbsvE8ujt_0 |
linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3JasMwEBVdoPTSfd9U6NWLLMmWjyFt6JaSQwuhFyNZShOaOCZxLv36jhy7tKGnHI3HIM9IM2_Q0xNCNz0NRUkQ6FRpLBxmZOQoEUsHqmugw4BIJu3h5PZLeP_GHru8--uqr5K0n6qBmw1Hbjbol9zKfJR6NU_M67SbzBIfoWfPdc9bReuwZoO4btSrXsvnPqm0ZkkYeYS5hLrEaoRCR0Qga_P_IOUiM_JXqWlto_d6kHOGyac7K5Sbfi3oNy71FztoqwKguDE32UUrJttDG-1qi30fNWyGgN62jBgGSIsnRjsflp6DS167nBZ4CKUVDzIss_FIDsezKbZC__0JPBXTA_TWuntt3jvVPQtODuuvcIiBOi04TwWBbNNTlCiuYgXgAsCECRTAIhWFKU1DHSqqtAYIEzLd01ykCiAbPURr2TgzxwhzYUQkuGSUQZR9KShVxmcppAoiY-GfoOva6QnMY7s5ITMDw0xIGESQboIYbI7mQUjyueBGUofsBEV_wvNjYDWy_74Bp5da2ZWTT5f-8gptdG5byfPDy9MZ2gS4xOxJxMA_R2vFZGYuAJIU6rKcfN9DQOJ0 |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Compensation+for+red-green+contrast+loss+in+anomalous+trichromats&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+vision+%28Charlottesville%2C+Va.%29&rft.au=Boehm%2C+A.+E.&rft.au=MacLeod%2C+D.+I.+A.&rft.au=Bosten%2C+J.+M.&rft.date=2014-11-20&rft.pub=The+Association+for+Research+in+Vision+and+Ophthalmology&rft.eissn=1534-7362&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=13&rft_id=info:doi/10.1167%2F14.13.19&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25413625&rft.externalDBID=PMC4240027 |