Muonium states in Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cell material

• Published in: Journal of physics. Conference series Vol. 551; no. 1
• Main Authors: Alberto, H V, Vilão, R C, Gil, J M, Duarte, J Piroto, Vieira, R B L, Weidinger, A, Leitão, J P, da Cunha, A F, Sousa, M G, Teixeira, J P, Fernandes, P A, Salomé, P M P, Timmo, K, Loorits, M, Amato, A, Luetkens, H, Prokscha, T, Suter, A, Salman, Z
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bristol IOP Publishing 01.01.2014
• Subjects: Charge materials; Copper zinc tin sulfide; Current carriers; Diamagnetism; Low temperature; Muonium; Muons; P-type semiconductors; Photovoltaic cells; Physics; Solar cells
• DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/551/1/012045
• ISSN: 1742-6588

We investigated bulk and thin-film samples of the quaternary p-type semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) by μSR, in order to characterize the existing muonium signals. We find that the majority of the implanted muons form a diamagnetic state broadened by an interaction with the Cu nuclear moments, which we interpret as Mu+ bound to sulphur. A paramagnetic fraction is also present at low temperatures and the ratio between the two muon charge states, Mu+ and Mu0, varies between 20 and 40% prior to the onset of muon diffusion, which occurs at around 150 K. The fraction of Mu0 is found to be sensitive to the defect content of the sample. The paramagnetic fraction has two different contributions and their origin is discussed and related with the muon role as a probe for charge carriers in the material.