Feasibility and results of the short Diet Quality Screener in Primary Care: EMAP study

• Published in: Enfermeria clinica Vol. 26; no. 6; p. 351
• Main Authors: Ríos-Rodríguez, María de Los Ángeles, García-Cerdán, María Rosa, Calonge-Vallejo, Ana Rosa, Tobella-Andreu, Laia, Baena-Díez, José Miguel, Schröder, Helmut
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Spain 01.11.2016
• Subjects: Adult; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Diet Surveys; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Primary Health Care; Risk Factors; Self Report; Hypertension; Hipercolesterolemia; Atención primaria; Factibilidad; Mediterranean diet; Diabetes mellitus; Hipertensión arterial; Feasibility studies; Dieta mediterránea; Hypercholesterolaemia; Primary Care
• DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2016.07.005

To study the feasibility and results of the self-reported short diet quality screener (sDQS) in Primary Care. The variables associated with difficulty and inadequate diet are also determined. Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted with 196 participants aged >18 years with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or hypercholesterolaemia, consecutively included from 4 Primary Health Care Centres in Barcelona. The main variables collected were, age, sex, educational level, cardiovascular risk factors, body mass index, time to complete the sDQS, degree of difficulty, and diet score: inadequate diet ≤18, adequate in some aspects 19-27, adequate >27. The mean age was 48.8 years (52% males). The analysis of the variables showed that the prevalence of having higher than a primary education level, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity was 50%, 54.6%, 23.5%, 56.6%, and 27.5%, respectively. The mean time to complete the questionnaire was 2.3min. More than 80% considered it easy or very easy. An inadequate diet was reported by 21.4%, adequate in some aspects by 76.5%, and an adequate diet only by 2%. To be older than 49 years and a low diet quality increased the risk of needing ≥2min to complete the sDQS (OR 2.0, 95% CI; 1.0-4.3, and OR 2.3, 95% CI; 1.1-5.1, respectively). Not following a low cholesterol diet and age less than 49 years increased the risk of a low diet quality (OR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.1-4.5, and OR 2.9; 95% CI: 1.2-6.8, respectively). The completion of the sDQS is easy and was not a significant time-burden in Primary Care. A significant proportion of participants with cardiovascular risk reported a low diet quality.