Congenital ocular and its adnexal anomalies among Indian pediatric age groups

• Published in: Bioinformation Vol. 20; no. 4; pp. 323 - 326
• Main Authors: Chava, Preethi, Mc, Chaitra, J, Raveena, Padmini, Amulya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Biomedical Informatics 2024
• Subjects: Age; Age groups; Anomalies; Children; Consanguinity; Genetics; Lacrimal gland and Nasolacrimal duct; Morbidity; Patients; Pediatrics; Pregnancy; Research facilities; Risk factors; Vaccination; Congenital anomaly; maternal risk factors; paediatric age; nasolacrimal duct blockade; consanguinity
• ISSN: 0973-2063; 0973-8894; 0973-2063
• DOI: 10.6026/973206300200323

An analysis of the congenital etiologies of ocular morbidity in children of age 0-12 years is of interest. Hence, this study was conducted over a period of 2 years from Jan 2021- Dec 2023 at RL Jalappa Hospital and Research center that is attached to Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India. Out of 56 patients, 57% were male and 43% were female children. 31 (55%) of mothers belonged to age group between 20-30 years and 24 (43%) between 31-40 years and 1(2%) between 41-50 years. Out of 56 patients, 14 (25%) of them had positive family history. 34 (61%) of them had consanguious marriage. 14 parents (41%) out of 34 are married to second degree consanguinity (brother/sister/grandparent/grandchild) and 20 (59%) belonged to third degree consanguinity (aunt/uncle/niece/nephew/great-grandparent/great-grandchild). Bilateral involvement was seen in 31 (55%). Nasolacrimal duct anomalies were found to be the most common (32%) followed by congenital esotropia (14%). Education, awareness, counseling about risks of consanguinity and other risk factors such as maternal age, infections, medications during pregnancy, vaccination must be a routine practice in healthcare set up. This can significantly reduce morbidity and prevent blindness.