戈壁荒漠区基质槽培辣椒耗水特征及产量品质对水分调控的响应

• Published in: Guanʻgai paishui xuebao Vol. 40; no. 11; pp. 1 - 8
• Main Authors: MA Yanxia, WANG, Xiaowei, ZHANG, Yuxin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Chinese; English
• Published: Xinxiang City Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Farmland Irrigation Research Institute Editorial Office of Journal of Irrigation and Drainage 01.11.2021; 甘肃省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,兰州730070
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Ascorbic acid; Autumn; Capsicum annuum; Crop production; Crop yield; Crops; Cultivars; Cultivation; Deserts; Efficiency; Flowering; Food quality; Fruit cultivation; Fruits; Greenhouses; Growth stage; Irrigation; Irrigation water; Peppers; Proteins; Saturation; Seedlings; Substrates; Vegetables; Water; Water conservation; Water consumption; Water quality; Water scarcity; Water use; Water use efficiency; Winter; Gobi Desert; 戈壁荒漠区;辣椒;基质栽培;水分调控;优质高效;灌溉模式
• ISSN: 1672-3317
• DOI: 10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021138

S626; [目的]提出基于水分-品质响应的河西走廊戈壁荒漠区秋冬茬基质槽栽培辣椒合理的节水优质高效灌溉模式.[方法]在膜下滴灌条件下,设定3种灌溉水平,即基质饱和含水率(θF)的50％～60％、60％～70％、70％～80％,分别在辣椒苗期、初花期、初果期和盛果期进行水分调控,研究了不同处理辣椒的耗水特征及产量品质和水分利用效率对不同生育阶段水分调控的响应.[结果]戈壁荒漠区秋冬茬基质槽栽培辣椒各生育阶段耗水量、植株日耗水强度均随基质含水率的增大而增大,各生育阶段耗水模数随生育期的推进呈递增趋势;辣椒株高、茎粗产量、果实可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、维生素C (vc)、硝酸盐对苗期和盛果期灌溉调控最敏感.与全生育期基质含水率均在70％θF～80％θF处理相比,苗期和盛果期基质含水率均保持在70％θ～80％θF,初花期和初果期进行亏缺灌溉的处理果实可溶性蛋白质和Vc量分别提高了5.59％和5.82％,硝酸盐量降低了0.89％,产量增长了6.43％,水分利用效率提高了18.77％.[结论]综合整个生育期考虑,基质含水率苗期和盛果期均控制在饱和含水率的70％～80％,初花期和初果期分别控制在饱和含水率的50％～60％和60％～70％,在节水和保证较高产量的同时,可改善果实品质,提高产量和水分利用效率,是戈壁荒漠区秋冬茬基质槽栽培辣椒可行的节水优质高效灌溉调控模式.