DACUM 기법을 활용한 상급종합병원 간호사의 직무기술서 개발: 일반병동과 중환자실을 중심으로
Purpose: This study was done to clarify nurses' duties, tasks and task elements and to develop a job description for clinical nurses on general and intensive care units in tertiary-level hospitals, and dramatically reflect changing medical trends in Korea. Methods: The job description was devel...
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| Published in | Kanho Haengjŏng Hakhoe chi = The journal of Korean Nursing Administration Academic Society Vol. 23; no. 5; pp. 535 - 547 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Korean |
| Published |
간호행정학회
01.12.2017
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1225-9330 2288-4955 |
| DOI | 10.11111/jkana.2017.23.5.535 |
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| Abstract | Purpose: This study was done to clarify nurses' duties, tasks and task elements and to develop a job description for clinical nurses on general and intensive care units in tertiary-level hospitals, and dramatically reflect changing medical trends in Korea. Methods: The job description was developed based on the Developing a Curriculum Method (DACUM). The questionnaire included frequency, importance, and difficulty of duties, tasks and task elements, measured on a 4-point scale. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Data were collected from September 4 to 7, 2017, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and a scattered graph. Results: The job description consisted of 10 duties, 38 tasks, and 51 elements. Of the 10 duties, the highest duty in order of importance was 'Direct nursing care' followed by 'Infection control'. The highest duties according to frequency and difficulty were 'Document and notify' and 'Research and quality improvement'. 'Safety management' and 'Infection control' were considered as relatively simple duties, however, these two duties were still included as important jobs for clinical nurses. Conclusion: The job descriptions for clinical nurses developed from this study contain nursing ethics and safety as well as infection control, to faithfully reflect clinical nurses' jobs. |
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| AbstractList | 본 연구는 데이컴 기법을 이용하여 상급종합병원 간호사의 현행 업무를 분석하여 직무기술서를 개발하기 위한 방법론적 연구이다. 개발된 직무기술서에는 환자관련 임무에 해당되는 ‘환자간호’, ‘감염관리’, ‘안전관리’ ‘간호윤리’ 영역, 행정관련 임무에 해당되는 ‘기록 및 보고’, ‘간호단위관리’, ‘리더십과 의사소통’, 개인관련임무에 해당되는 ‘연구 및 질향상 활동’, ‘자기계발’의 9개의 임무 하에 일 38개, 일의요소 51개가 포함되었다. 본 직무기술서를 이용하여 일반병동 및 중환자실에서 근무하는 309명의 간호사들을 대상으로 각 직무의 중요도, 난이도, 빈도를 확인하였다. 직무의 중요도, 빈도, 난이도를 조사한 결과, 자기계발 임무를 제외한 모든 임무에서 중요도, 빈도, 난이도 간에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 중요도 점수가 가장 높은 임무는 ‘환자간호’ 이었으며 점수가 가장 낮은 임무는 ‘리더십과 의사소통’이었고, 직무의 빈도가 가장 높은 임무는 ‘기록 및 보고’ 이었으며, 점수가 가장 낮은 임무는 ‘연구 및 질향상 활동’ 이었다. 난이도가 가장 높은 임무는 ‘연구 및 질향상 활동’ 이었고 가장 낮은 임무는 ‘안전관리’ 였다.
상급종합병원 간호사가 수행하는 업무에 대한 중요도 및 빈도에 관하여 격자도를 이용해 분석한 결과, ‘doing great' 영역에 속하는 임무는 총 4개로 환자간호, 기록 및 보고, 감염관리, 간호윤리였다. 'focus here'영역에는 안전관리가 해당되었고, ‘low priority’ 영역 업무에는 리더십과 의사소통, 연구 및 질향상 활동이 속하였다. 'overdone' 영역에 해당되는 임무는 간호단위 관리, 자기계발 임무였다. 근무지 특성에 따른 직무의 중요도, 빈도, 난이도를 비교한 결과, 성인 병동 간호사가 소아병동 간호사에 비해 감염관리 영역의 중요성을 높게 평가했고, 소아병동 간호사가 성인에 비해 진정간호, 취약환자 보호 및 관리 직무를 자주 수행하는 것으로 나타났다. 간호사의 직무 중 중요도 점수가 가장 높은 임무로 분석된 ‘환자간호’ 영역을 중심으로 병동과 중환자실에 따라 일의 요소별 중요도, 난이도, 빈도를 비교 분석한 결과, 중요도와 난이도에서는 전체적으로 병동과 중환자실간 유의한 차이는 없었고, 빈도에 있어서, 환자와 보호자 교육 및 상담, 검사 및 시술 전후에 관한 직무는 중환자실에 비해 일반병동에서 높은 빈도로 수행하는 것으로 나타났고, 산소 및 흡인, 수혈, 진정, 응급 및 중환자간호는 병동보다 중환자실에서 높은 빈도로 수행하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 도출된 안전관리, 간호윤리 임무의 경우, 병원 내 환자안전과 의료서비스의 질 향상을 위한 의료기관 인증제의 도입과 재난대비 간호, 취약환자 보호에 대한 고려 및 환자안전법 시행 이후 환자안전에 대한 중요성이 강화되고 있는 상황을 반영한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 또한 간호현장에서의 윤리 및 윤리교육의 중요성이 증가됨에 따라 환자권리존중과 전문직 윤리관련 직무내용이 간호사의 중요한 직무로 부각되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.
본 연구결과를 통해 간호사의 표준화된 업무 지침을 마련할 수 있으며, 근무지별 중요도, 빈도, 난이도 특성을 반영하여 부서특성화 교육 프로그램 개발 및 평가도구 및 지표개발에 활용할 수 있을 것이다. Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the duty, the task and task elements and develop the job description among clinical nurses of general ward and intensive care unit in tertiary-level hospitals, reflected dramatically changing medical trend of Korea. Method: The job description was developed based on developing a curriculum method (DACUM). The questionnaire included frequency, importance, and difficulty of duties, tasks and task elements, which were measured a 4-point scale, and the results were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. The data were collected in September 4th-7th 2017, analyzed by descriptive statistics and scattered graph. Results: The job description consists of 10 duties, 38 tasks, and 51 elements. On the all 10 duties, the highest duty in importance was ‘Direct nursing care’ and the second was ‘Infection control’. The highest duties of frequency and difficulty were ‘Document and notify’ and ‘Research and quality improvement’, respectively. ‘Safety management’ and ‘Infection control’ were considered as relatively simple duties, however, these two duties were still accounted important jobs of clinical nurses. Conclusions: The job descriptions of clinical nurses developed from this study which contains nursing ethics, safety as well as infection control, which means it faithfully reflected on clinical nurse’s job in the concrete. KCI Citation Count: 1 Purpose: This study was done to clarify nurses' duties, tasks and task elements and to develop a job description for clinical nurses on general and intensive care units in tertiary-level hospitals, and dramatically reflect changing medical trends in Korea. Methods: The job description was developed based on the Developing a Curriculum Method (DACUM). The questionnaire included frequency, importance, and difficulty of duties, tasks and task elements, measured on a 4-point scale. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Data were collected from September 4 to 7, 2017, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and a scattered graph. Results: The job description consisted of 10 duties, 38 tasks, and 51 elements. Of the 10 duties, the highest duty in order of importance was 'Direct nursing care' followed by 'Infection control'. The highest duties according to frequency and difficulty were 'Document and notify' and 'Research and quality improvement'. 'Safety management' and 'Infection control' were considered as relatively simple duties, however, these two duties were still included as important jobs for clinical nurses. Conclusion: The job descriptions for clinical nurses developed from this study contain nursing ethics and safety as well as infection control, to faithfully reflect clinical nurses' jobs. |
| Author | 심유미 유미 최진선 Kim, Yeon Hee Shim, Yu Mi Choi, Jin Sun 이선미 Yu, Mi 김연희 Lee, Sun Mi |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 이선미 – sequence: 2 fullname: 김연희 – sequence: 3 fullname: 심유미 – sequence: 4 fullname: 최진선 – sequence: 5 fullname: 유미 – sequence: 6 fullname: Lee, Sun Mi – sequence: 7 fullname: Kim, Yeon Hee – sequence: 8 fullname: Shim, Yu Mi – sequence: 9 fullname: Choi, Jin Sun – sequence: 10 fullname: Yu, Mi |
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| Snippet | Purpose: This study was done to clarify nurses' duties, tasks and task elements and to develop a job description for clinical nurses on general and intensive... 본 연구는 데이컴 기법을 이용하여 상급종합병원 간호사의 현행 업무를 분석하여 직무기술서를 개발하기 위한 방법론적 연구이다. 개발된 직무기술서에는 환자관련 임무에 해당되는 ‘환자간호’, ‘감염관리’, ‘안전관리’ ‘간호윤리’ 영역, 행정관련 임무에 해당되는 ‘기록 및 보고’,... |
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| Title | DACUM 기법을 활용한 상급종합병원 간호사의 직무기술서 개발: 일반병동과 중환자실을 중심으로 |
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