Agroforestry-Based Ecosystem Services

• Format: eBook
• Language: English
• Published: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2021
• Subjects: adaptation; agriculture sector; agroforest; agroforestry; agroforestry coffee; agroforestry concessions; anastomosis; artesian wells; assisted natural regeneration (ANR); belowground biodiversity; boundary work; Bungoma; cacao agroforestry; carbon payment; carbon sequestration; carbon storage; certification; climate adaptation; climate change mitigation; co-investment; cocoa; cocoa agroforestry; coffee; coinvestment; cost efficiency; cost-benefit analysis; deforestation; ecohydrology; economic benefits; economics; ecosystem services; entrainment; environmental stewardship; equity; erosion; farmer perspectives; farmer tree preference; financial analysis; forest and landscape restoration (FLR); forest classification; forest conversion; forest–water–people nexus; Fraxinus dimorpha; fruit tree-based agroforestry; fruit trees; global; grazing management; inceptisols; independent smallholders; index of root anchoring; innovation transfer; instrumental values; intention; Jambi; Java; Kisumu; land restoration; land suitability; land-use change; landscape; landscape approach; landscape restoration; legality; livelihoods; Mount Bromo-Tengger; mycorrhizal attributes; n/a; nationally determined contribution; natural habitats; on-farm planned comparison; options by context; Oryza; overland flow; paddy cultivation; pairwise ranking; palm oil; participatory and integrative research-extension; participatory methods; payment for ecosystem services; Peru; planted forest; Pontoscolex corethrurus; potential expansion areas; Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects; relational values; remittances; representative concentration pathway; Research and information: general; resource competition; restoration; returning migrants; rights-based approach; rodents; root length density; root tensile strength; rural–urban; scenario evaluation; shade tree species; silvopastoral; silvopasture; slope stability; social-ecological systems; soil chemical characteristics; soil engineers; soil macro-porosity; soil macroporosity; soil organic carbon; soil restoration; soil shear strength; soil water availability; stakeholders; stewardship; stocktake; Sulawesi; Sumatra; sustainable development goals (SDGs); sustainable intensification; systems improvement; throughfall; traditional ecological knowledge; tree cover; tree planting; tree seedling survival; trees; trees on farm; trimming; tropical forests; uptake and expansion; utility value; Vietnam; village savings and loan associations; water; water balance; West Kalimantan
• ISBN: 9783036517414; 3036517413; 9783036517421; 3036517421
• DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-1741-4

As a dynamic interface between agriculture and forestry, agroforestry has only recently been formally recognized as a relevant part of land use with ‘trees outside forest’ in important parts of the world—but not everywhere yet. The Sustainable Development Goals have called attention to the need for the multifunctionality of landscapes that simultaneously contribute to multiple goals. In the UN decade of landscape restoration, as well as in response to the climate change urgency and biodiversity extinction crisis, an increase in global tree cover is widely seen as desirable, but its management by farmers or forest managers remains contested. Agroforestry research relates tree–soil–crop–livestock interactions at the plot level with landscape-level analysis of social-ecological systems and efforts to transcend the historical dichotomy between forest and agriculture as separate policy domains. An ‘ecosystem services’ perspective quantifies land productivity, flows of water, net greenhouse gas emissions, and biodiversity conservation, and combines an ‘actor’ perspective (farmer, landscape manager) with that of ‘downstream’ stakeholders (in the same watershed, ecologically conscious consumers elsewhere, global citizens) and higher-level regulators designing land-use policies and spatial zoning.