Reduction of Platelet Transfusion– Associated Sepsis by Short–Term Bacterial Culture
Background and Objectives: There is as yet no suitable routine laboratory test for a blood transfusion service to detect bacterial contamination in platelets. This study evaluates the effectiveness and the applicability of short–term bacterial culture for such a purpose. Materials and Methods: Sampl...
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| Published in | Vox sanguinis Vol. 77; no. 1; pp. 1 - 5 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Basel, Switzerland
01.01.1999
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| Abstract | Background and Objectives: There is as yet no suitable routine laboratory test for a blood transfusion service to detect bacterial contamination in platelets. This study evaluates the effectiveness and the applicability of short–term bacterial culture for such a purpose. Materials and Methods: Samples from 5–unit platelet pools were inoculated into an aerobic culture bottle, then monitored for 48 h at 35°C in an automated monitoring and detection system. Results: 26,210 whole–blood–derived platelet components were tested, of which 14 (0.053%) platelet units were found to be contaminated. In addition, nine of the associated red cell units and 4 fresh–frozen plasma units grew the same organisms on culture. Conclusion: Short–duration bacterial culture by an automated system is effective and suitable for routine screening in a regional transfusion center. |
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| AbstractList | There is as yet no suitable routine laboratory test for a blood transfusion service to detect bacterial contamination in platelets. This study evaluates the effectiveness and the applicability of short-term bacterial culture for such a purpose.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESThere is as yet no suitable routine laboratory test for a blood transfusion service to detect bacterial contamination in platelets. This study evaluates the effectiveness and the applicability of short-term bacterial culture for such a purpose.Samples from 5-unit platelet pools were inoculated into an aerobic culture bottle, then monitored for 48 h at 35 degrees C in an automated monitoring and detection system.MATERIALS AND METHODSSamples from 5-unit platelet pools were inoculated into an aerobic culture bottle, then monitored for 48 h at 35 degrees C in an automated monitoring and detection system.26,210 whole-blood-derived platelet components were tested, of which 14 (0.053%) platelet units were found to be contaminated. In addition, nine of the associated red cell units and 4 fresh-frozen plasma units grew the same organisms on culture.RESULTS26,210 whole-blood-derived platelet components were tested, of which 14 (0.053%) platelet units were found to be contaminated. In addition, nine of the associated red cell units and 4 fresh-frozen plasma units grew the same organisms on culture.Short-duration bacterial culture by an automated system is effective and suitable for routine screening in a regional transfusion center.CONCLUSIONShort-duration bacterial culture by an automated system is effective and suitable for routine screening in a regional transfusion center. Background and Objectives: There is as yet no suitable routine laboratory test for a blood transfusion service to detect bacterial contamination in platelets. This study evaluates the effectiveness and the applicability of short–term bacterial culture for such a purpose. Materials and Methods: Samples from 5–unit platelet pools were inoculated into an aerobic culture bottle, then monitored for 48 h at 35°C in an automated monitoring and detection system. Results: 26,210 whole–blood–derived platelet components were tested, of which 14 (0.053%) platelet units were found to be contaminated. In addition, nine of the associated red cell units and 4 fresh–frozen plasma units grew the same organisms on culture. Conclusion: Short–duration bacterial culture by an automated system is effective and suitable for routine screening in a regional transfusion center. |
| Author | Liu, Hing-wing Chua, Elizabeth Kin-ming Lin, Che-kit Lee, Kwan-bun Cheng, Tammy Shui-ying Yuen, Kwok-yung Ho, Pak-leung |
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| References | Technical Manual Committee: Blood collection, storage, and component preparation; in Vengelen-Tyler V (ed): American Association of Blood Banks Technical Manual, ed 12. Bethesda, American Association of Blood Banks, 1996, pp 687-710. Blajchman MA, Ali AM, Richardson HL: Bacterial contamination of cellular blood components. Vox Sang 1994;67(suppl 3):25-33. James JD: Practical Blood Transfusion. Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1958 Chiu EKW, Yuen KY, Lie AKW, Liang R, Lau Y, Lee ACW, Kwong Y, Wong S, Ng MH, Chan TK: A prospective study of symptomatic bacteraemia following platelet transfusion and of its management. Transfusion 1994;34:950-954.797470310.1046/j.1537-2995.1994.341195065031.x Braude AI: Transfusion reaction from contaminated blood. Their recognition and treatment. N Engl J Med 1958;258:1289-1293. Katz L, MacPherson JL, Zuck TF: Yersinia and blood donation. Transfusion 1992;32:191. Wagner SJ, Robinette D: Evaluation of swirling, pH and glucose tests for the detection of bacterial contamination in platelet concentrates. Transfusion 1996;36:989-993.893741010.1046/j.1537-2995.1996.36111297091744.x Burstain JM, Brecher ME, Workman K, Foster M, Faber GH, Mair D: Rapid identification of bacterially contaminated platelets using reagent strips: Glucose and pH analysis as markers of bacterial metabolism. Transfusion 1997;37:255-258.912289610.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.37397240205.x Leiby DA, Kerr KL, Campos JM, Dodd RY: A retrospective analysis of microbial contamination in outdated random-donor platelets from multiple sites. Transfusion 1997;37:259-263.912289710.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.37397240206.x Hogman CF, Gong J: Studies of one invasive and two noninvasive methods for detection of bacterial contamination of platelet concentrates. Vox Sang 1994;67:351-355.7701805 Morrow JF, Braine HG, Kickler TS, Ness PM, Dick JD, Fuller AK: Septic reactions to platelet transfusions: A persistent problem. JAMA 1991;266:555-558.206198410.1001/jama.266.4.555 Tipple MA, Bland LA, Murphy JJ, Arduino MJ, Panlilio AL, Farner JJ III, Tourault MA, MacPherson CR, Menitove JE, Grindon AJ, Hohnson PS, Strauss RG, Bulfill JA, Ritch PS, Archer JR, Tablan OC, Jarvis WR: Sepsis associated with transfusion of red cells contaminated with Yersinia enterocolitica. Transfusion 1990;30:207-213.231599410.1046/j.1537-2995.1990.30390194338.x Soeterboek AM, Welle FHW, Marcellis JH, van der Loop CMF: Sterility testing of blood products in 1994 1995 by three cooperating blood banks in The Netherlands. Vox Sang 1997;72:61-62.903150310.1046/j.1423-0410.1997.00061.x Heal JM, Signal S, Sardisco E, Mayer T: Bacterial proliferation in platelet concentrates. Transfusion 1986;26:388-390.352387510.1046/j.1537-2995.1986.26486262751.x Blajchman MA: Transfusion-associated bacterial sepsis: The phoenix rises yet again (editioral). Transfusion 1994;34:940-941.797470110.1046/j.1537-2995.1994.341195065029.x Krishnan LAG, Brecher ME: Transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection. Haematol Oncol Clin North Am 1995;9:167-185. Blajchman MA: Transfusion-associated bacterial sepsis: The most common current transfusion-transmitted entity. Transfusion Today (ISBT Newsletter) 1994;21:5-6. Klein HG, Dodd RY, Ness PM, Fratantoni JA, Nemo GJ: Current status of microbial contamination of blood components: summary of a conference. Transfusion 1997;37:95-101.902449710.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.37197176958.x Brecher ME, Hogan JJ, Boothe G, Kerr A, McClannan L, Jacobs MR, Yomtovian R, Chongokolwatana V, Tegtmeier G, Henderson S, Pineda A, Halling V, Kemper M, Kuramato K, Holland PV, Longiaru M: Platelet bacterial contamination and the use of a chemiluminescence-linked universal bacterial ribosomal RNA gene probe. Transfusion 1994;34:750- 755.752236210.1046/j.1537-2995.1994.34994378273.x McCarthy LR, Senne JE: Evaluation of acridine organe stain for detection of microorganism in blood culture. J Clin Microbiol 1980;11: 281-285.6155385 Fierer J, Finley F: Lethal effect of complement and lysozyme on polymyxin-treated, serum-resistant gram-negative bacilli. J Infect Dis 1979;140:581-589.229175 Reik H, Rubin SJ: Evaluation of the buffy coast smear for rapid detection of bacteria. JAMA 1981;245:357-359.6161261 Goldman M, Blajchman A: Blood product-associated bacterial sepsis. Trans Med Rev 1991; 5:73-83.1802278 Punsalang A, Heal JM, Murphy PJ, Growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in platelet concentrates. Transfusion 1989;29: 596-599.250541210.1046/j.1537-2995.1989.29789369676.x Barrett BB, Andersen JW, Anderson KC: Strategies for the avoidance of bacterial contamination of blood components. Transfusion 1993;33:228-233.843822410.1046/j.1537-2995.1993.33393174449.x Yomtovian R, Lazarus HM, Goodnough LT, Hirschler NV, Morrissey AM, Jacobs MR: A prospective microbiologic surveillance program to detect and prevent transfusion of bacterially contaminated platelets. Transfusion 1993;33:902-909.825959510.1046/j.1537-2995.1993.331194082380.x Brecher ME, Boothe G, Kerr A: The use of a chemiluminescence-linked universal bacterial ribosomal RNA gene probe and blood gas analysis for the rapid detection of bacterial contamination in white cell-reduced and nonreduced platelets. Transfusion 1993;33: 450-457.768592910.1046/j.1537-2995.1993.33693296805.x Brown R, Poxton IR, Wilkinson JF: Centrifuges, colorimeters and bacterial counts; in Collee JG, Duguid JP, Fraser AG, Marmion BP (eds): Mackie and McCartney Pratical Medical Microbiology. Edinburgh Churchill-Livingstone, 1989, pp 245-246. |
| References_xml | – reference: Chiu EKW, Yuen KY, Lie AKW, Liang R, Lau Y, Lee ACW, Kwong Y, Wong S, Ng MH, Chan TK: A prospective study of symptomatic bacteraemia following platelet transfusion and of its management. Transfusion 1994;34:950-954.797470310.1046/j.1537-2995.1994.341195065031.x – reference: Tipple MA, Bland LA, Murphy JJ, Arduino MJ, Panlilio AL, Farner JJ III, Tourault MA, MacPherson CR, Menitove JE, Grindon AJ, Hohnson PS, Strauss RG, Bulfill JA, Ritch PS, Archer JR, Tablan OC, Jarvis WR: Sepsis associated with transfusion of red cells contaminated with Yersinia enterocolitica. Transfusion 1990;30:207-213.231599410.1046/j.1537-2995.1990.30390194338.x – reference: James JD: Practical Blood Transfusion. Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1958 – reference: Reik H, Rubin SJ: Evaluation of the buffy coast smear for rapid detection of bacteria. JAMA 1981;245:357-359.6161261 – reference: McCarthy LR, Senne JE: Evaluation of acridine organe stain for detection of microorganism in blood culture. J Clin Microbiol 1980;11: 281-285.6155385 – reference: Blajchman MA: Transfusion-associated bacterial sepsis: The most common current transfusion-transmitted entity. Transfusion Today (ISBT Newsletter) 1994;21:5-6. – reference: Blajchman MA: Transfusion-associated bacterial sepsis: The phoenix rises yet again (editioral). Transfusion 1994;34:940-941.797470110.1046/j.1537-2995.1994.341195065029.x – reference: Katz L, MacPherson JL, Zuck TF: Yersinia and blood donation. Transfusion 1992;32:191. – reference: Punsalang A, Heal JM, Murphy PJ, Growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in platelet concentrates. Transfusion 1989;29: 596-599.250541210.1046/j.1537-2995.1989.29789369676.x – reference: Brecher ME, Boothe G, Kerr A: The use of a chemiluminescence-linked universal bacterial ribosomal RNA gene probe and blood gas analysis for the rapid detection of bacterial contamination in white cell-reduced and nonreduced platelets. Transfusion 1993;33: 450-457.768592910.1046/j.1537-2995.1993.33693296805.x – reference: Soeterboek AM, Welle FHW, Marcellis JH, van der Loop CMF: Sterility testing of blood products in 1994 1995 by three cooperating blood banks in The Netherlands. Vox Sang 1997;72:61-62.903150310.1046/j.1423-0410.1997.00061.x – reference: Krishnan LAG, Brecher ME: Transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection. Haematol Oncol Clin North Am 1995;9:167-185. – reference: Technical Manual Committee: Blood collection, storage, and component preparation; in Vengelen-Tyler V (ed): American Association of Blood Banks Technical Manual, ed 12. Bethesda, American Association of Blood Banks, 1996, pp 687-710. – reference: Yomtovian R, Lazarus HM, Goodnough LT, Hirschler NV, Morrissey AM, Jacobs MR: A prospective microbiologic surveillance program to detect and prevent transfusion of bacterially contaminated platelets. Transfusion 1993;33:902-909.825959510.1046/j.1537-2995.1993.331194082380.x – reference: Goldman M, Blajchman A: Blood product-associated bacterial sepsis. Trans Med Rev 1991; 5:73-83.1802278 – reference: Wagner SJ, Robinette D: Evaluation of swirling, pH and glucose tests for the detection of bacterial contamination in platelet concentrates. Transfusion 1996;36:989-993.893741010.1046/j.1537-2995.1996.36111297091744.x – reference: Brown R, Poxton IR, Wilkinson JF: Centrifuges, colorimeters and bacterial counts; in Collee JG, Duguid JP, Fraser AG, Marmion BP (eds): Mackie and McCartney Pratical Medical Microbiology. Edinburgh Churchill-Livingstone, 1989, pp 245-246. – reference: Braude AI: Transfusion reaction from contaminated blood. Their recognition and treatment. N Engl J Med 1958;258:1289-1293. – reference: Blajchman MA, Ali AM, Richardson HL: Bacterial contamination of cellular blood components. Vox Sang 1994;67(suppl 3):25-33. – reference: Leiby DA, Kerr KL, Campos JM, Dodd RY: A retrospective analysis of microbial contamination in outdated random-donor platelets from multiple sites. Transfusion 1997;37:259-263.912289710.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.37397240206.x – reference: Heal JM, Signal S, Sardisco E, Mayer T: Bacterial proliferation in platelet concentrates. Transfusion 1986;26:388-390.352387510.1046/j.1537-2995.1986.26486262751.x – reference: Hogman CF, Gong J: Studies of one invasive and two noninvasive methods for detection of bacterial contamination of platelet concentrates. Vox Sang 1994;67:351-355.7701805 – reference: Barrett BB, Andersen JW, Anderson KC: Strategies for the avoidance of bacterial contamination of blood components. Transfusion 1993;33:228-233.843822410.1046/j.1537-2995.1993.33393174449.x – reference: Morrow JF, Braine HG, Kickler TS, Ness PM, Dick JD, Fuller AK: Septic reactions to platelet transfusions: A persistent problem. JAMA 1991;266:555-558.206198410.1001/jama.266.4.555 – reference: Klein HG, Dodd RY, Ness PM, Fratantoni JA, Nemo GJ: Current status of microbial contamination of blood components: summary of a conference. Transfusion 1997;37:95-101.902449710.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.37197176958.x – reference: Fierer J, Finley F: Lethal effect of complement and lysozyme on polymyxin-treated, serum-resistant gram-negative bacilli. J Infect Dis 1979;140:581-589.229175 – reference: Brecher ME, Hogan JJ, Boothe G, Kerr A, McClannan L, Jacobs MR, Yomtovian R, Chongokolwatana V, Tegtmeier G, Henderson S, Pineda A, Halling V, Kemper M, Kuramato K, Holland PV, Longiaru M: Platelet bacterial contamination and the use of a chemiluminescence-linked universal bacterial ribosomal RNA gene probe. Transfusion 1994;34:750- 755.752236210.1046/j.1537-2995.1994.34994378273.x – reference: Burstain JM, Brecher ME, Workman K, Foster M, Faber GH, Mair D: Rapid identification of bacterially contaminated platelets using reagent strips: Glucose and pH analysis as markers of bacterial metabolism. Transfusion 1997;37:255-258.912289610.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.37397240205.x |
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| Snippet | Background and Objectives: There is as yet no suitable routine laboratory test for a blood transfusion service to detect bacterial contamination in platelets.... There is as yet no suitable routine laboratory test for a blood transfusion service to detect bacterial contamination in platelets. This study evaluates the... |
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| Title | Reduction of Platelet Transfusion– Associated Sepsis by Short–Term Bacterial Culture |
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