Gender Differences in Pupil Diameter and Dynamics in Preschool Children
Purpose: To investigate the effects of sex on pupil dynamics in children using an infrared pupillometer.Subjects and Methods: This study included 29 children (52 eyes) aged 4-6 years. Pupil diameter, axial length (AL), and non-cycloplegic autorefraction were measured during the kindergarten health c...
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| Published in | Neuro-Ophthalmology Japan Vol. 41; no. 4; pp. 321 - 327 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
The Japanese Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
25.12.2024
日本神経眼科学会 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0289-7024 2188-2002 |
| DOI | 10.11476/shinkeiganka.41.321 |
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| Abstract | Purpose: To investigate the effects of sex on pupil dynamics in children using an infrared pupillometer.Subjects and Methods: This study included 29 children (52 eyes) aged 4-6 years. Pupil diameter, axial length (AL), and non-cycloplegic autorefraction were measured during the kindergarten health checkups. We also evaluated the dynamic pupillary response to light. During pupillary constriction in response to light, the maximum and minimum pupil diameters, pupil constriction, latency, maximum and mean pupillary constriction speed, mydriasis speed, and 75% recovery time were analyzed.Results: The maximum pupil diameter (6.3±0.8 mm: 5.9±0.6 mm, p<0.05) and minimum pupil diameter (3.4±0.5 mm: 3.0±0.4 mm, p<0.05) were significantly larger in boys than girls. However, the other parameters related to the dynamic pupillary response did not show a significant difference between the sexes. The AL was significantly longer in boys than in girls (22.4±0.6 mm: 22.0±0.7 mm, p<0.05), and showed a significant positive correlation with maximum (r=0.29, p<0.05) and minimum (r=0.31, p<0.05) pupil diameters.Conclusion: Boys had longer AL and larger pupil diameters than girls, suggesting that sex differences may influence ocular structure in children. |
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| AbstractList | Purpose: To investigate the effects of sex on pupil dynamics in children using an infrared pupillometer.Subjects and Methods: This study included 29 children (52 eyes) aged 4-6 years. Pupil diameter, axial length (AL), and non-cycloplegic autorefraction were measured during the kindergarten health checkups. We also evaluated the dynamic pupillary response to light. During pupillary constriction in response to light, the maximum and minimum pupil diameters, pupil constriction, latency, maximum and mean pupillary constriction speed, mydriasis speed, and 75% recovery time were analyzed.Results: The maximum pupil diameter (6.3±0.8 mm: 5.9±0.6 mm, p<0.05) and minimum pupil diameter (3.4±0.5 mm: 3.0±0.4 mm, p<0.05) were significantly larger in boys than girls. However, the other parameters related to the dynamic pupillary response did not show a significant difference between the sexes. The AL was significantly longer in boys than in girls (22.4±0.6 mm: 22.0±0.7 mm, p<0.05), and showed a significant positive correlation with maximum (r=0.29, p<0.05) and minimum (r=0.31, p<0.05) pupil diameters.Conclusion: Boys had longer AL and larger pupil diameters than girls, suggesting that sex differences may influence ocular structure in children. Purpose: To investigate the effects of sex on pupil dynamics in children using an infrared pupillometer.Subjects and Methods: This study included 29 children (52 eyes) aged 4-6 years. Pupil diameter, axial length (AL), and non-cycloplegic autorefraction were measured during the kindergarten health checkups. We also evaluated the dynamic pupillary response to light. During pupillary constriction in response to light, the maximum and minimum pupil diameters, pupil constriction, latency, maximum and mean pupillary constriction speed, mydriasis speed, and 75% recovery time were analyzed.Results: The maximum pupil diameter (6.3±0.8 mm: 5.9±0.6 mm, p<0.05) and minimum pupil diameter (3.4±0.5 mm: 3.0±0.4 mm, p<0.05) were significantly larger in boys than girls. However, the other parameters related to the dynamic pupillary response did not show a significant difference between the sexes. The AL was significantly longer in boys than in girls (22.4±0.6 mm: 22.0±0.7 mm, p<0.05), and showed a significant positive correlation with maximum (r=0.29, p<0.05) and minimum (r=0.31, p<0.05) pupil diameters.Conclusion: Boys had longer AL and larger pupil diameters than girls, suggesting that sex differences may influence ocular structure in children. 【目的】赤外線電子瞳孔計を用いて小児における性差が瞳孔に与える影響を検討すること．【対象および方法】対象は4～6歳児，29名（52眼）である．保育園眼科健診にて瞳孔，眼軸長，非調節麻痺下他覚的屈折検査の測定を行った．瞳孔記録は対光反射に関するパラメータ（最大瞳孔径，最小瞳孔径，縮瞳率，潜時，平均縮瞳速度，最大縮瞳速度，散瞳速度，75％回復時間）を用いて評価した．【結果】最大瞳孔径（すべて男児：女児の順で6.3±0.8 mm ：5.9±0.6 mm），最小瞳孔径（3.4±0.5 mm ：3.0±0.4 mm）とも男児の方が女児よりも有意に大きかった（p<0.05）が，その他のパラメータで性差は認めなかった．眼軸長は男児（22.4±0.6 mm）が女児（22.0±0.7 mm）と比較して有意に長く，眼軸長は最大瞳孔径（r=0.29，p<0.05）および最小瞳孔径（r=0.31，p<0.05）と有意な正の相関を示した．【結論】男児の方が女児よりも眼軸長および瞳孔径が大きく，小児において性差が眼球構造に影響を与える可能性が示唆された． |
| Author | Matsumoto, Tadashi Sakakibara, Nanae Kawakami, Momoko Matsumura, Saiko Itokawa, Takashi Uemura, Keiko Dannoue, Kazuhiko Hori, Yuichi Ishikawa, Hitoshi |
| Author_FL | 上村 景子 糸川 貴之 松村 沙衣子 檀之上 和彦 Ishikawa Hitoshi 川上 桃子 松本 直 Hori Yuichi 榊原 七重 |
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| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Hori, Yuichi organization: Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University School of Medicine – sequence: 1 fullname: Dannoue, Kazuhiko organization: Dannoue Eye Clinic – sequence: 1 fullname: Kawakami, Momoko organization: Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University School of Medicine – sequence: 1 fullname: Itokawa, Takashi organization: Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University School of Medicine – sequence: 1 fullname: Matsumura, Saiko organization: Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University School of Medicine – sequence: 1 fullname: Ishikawa, Hitoshi organization: Department of Orthoptics and Visual Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University – sequence: 1 fullname: Uemura, Keiko organization: Dannoue Eye Clinic – sequence: 1 fullname: Sakakibara, Nanae organization: Department of Orthoptics and Visual Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University – sequence: 1 fullname: Matsumoto, Tadashi organization: Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University School of Medicine |
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| Snippet | Purpose: To investigate the effects of sex on pupil dynamics in children using an infrared pupillometer.Subjects and Methods: This study included 29 children... |
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| SubjectTerms | gender differences normal children ocular structure pupil diameter pupillary light reflex |
| Title | Gender Differences in Pupil Diameter and Dynamics in Preschool Children |
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