Labor Migration by Race and Its Factors in China: The Cases of Han and Minority People in Jilin Province
Economic reform and the introduction of a market economy have enabled China to achieve a high rate of economic growth. On the other hand, this growth has increased urban–rural, cross-region and cross-race income differentials in China. There has been large-scale migration of labor from rural to urba...
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| Published in | Asian Studies Vol. 56; no. 3; pp. 30 - 44 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
Japan Association for Asian Studies
31.07.2010
一般財団法人 アジア政経学会 |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0044-9237 2188-2444 |
| DOI | 10.11479/asianstudies.56.3_30 |
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| Abstract | Economic reform and the introduction of a market economy have enabled China to achieve a high rate of economic growth. On the other hand, this growth has increased urban–rural, cross-region and cross-race income differentials in China. There has been large-scale migration of labor from rural to urban regions, and from interior to coastal regions, where economies have been well developed. After China and Korea established official relations with each other in 1992, Jilin Province became the second province in terms of international migration, after Fujian Province. It is important to examine the reasons why migration patterns may differ among various races and the factors determining the migration process. This paper reveals which factors determining migration are more important to minority peoples, compared with the Han population. Interregional labor migration in China has been the subject of much research. However, only a few studies have focused on labor migration by race in labor supply regions in China. The purpose of this paper is to examine the mechanism of labor migration by race, based on data from a questionnaire survey. According to the empirical results, we observed an obvious difference in labor migration by race. The important factors determining labor migration are race, individual characteristics, a family remittance, the existence of a network of friends and relatives, and not differentials in desired income. The effects of those factors may differ among races. |
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| AbstractList | Economic reform and the introduction of a market economy have enabled China to achieve a high rate of economic growth. On the other hand, this growth has increased urban–rural, cross-region and cross-race income differentials in China. There has been large-scale migration of labor from rural to urban regions, and from interior to coastal regions, where economies have been well developed. After China and Korea established official relations with each other in 1992, Jilin Province became the second province in terms of international migration, after Fujian Province. It is important to examine the reasons why migration patterns may differ among various races and the factors determining the migration process. This paper reveals which factors determining migration are more important to minority peoples, compared with the Han population. Interregional labor migration in China has been the subject of much research. However, only a few studies have focused on labor migration by race in labor supply regions in China. The purpose of this paper is to examine the mechanism of labor migration by race, based on data from a questionnaire survey. According to the empirical results, we observed an obvious difference in labor migration by race. The important factors determining labor migration are race, individual characteristics, a family remittance, the existence of a network of friends and relatives, and not differentials in desired income. The effects of those factors may differ among races. |
| Author | HAN, Meilan |
| Author_FL | 韓 美蘭 |
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| Copyright | 2014 Aziya Seikei Gakkai |
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| DOI | 10.11479/asianstudies.56.3_30 |
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| DocumentTitleAlternate | 吉林省の漢族と少数民族の場合 中国における労働力送り出し地域の民族別移動とその決定要因 |
| DocumentTitle_FL | 中国における労働力送り出し地域の民族別移動とその決定要因 |
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| References | Lee, Everett S. (1966), “A Theory of Migration,” Demography, 3(1), pp. 47–57. Robinson, Judith K. (2002), “Race, Gender, and Familial Status: Discrimination in One US Mortgage Lending Market,” Feminist Economics, 8(2), pp. 63–85. 国家統計局編（2008）、『中国統計年鑑2008』北京: 中国統計出版社 Sjaastad, Larry A. (1962), “The Costs and Returns of Human Migration,” Journal of Political Economy, 70(5), pp. 80–93. 丁賽（2006）、「農村漢族和少数民族労働力転移的比較」『民族研究』第5 期、31–40 ページ 大島一二（1996）、『中国の出稼ぎ労働者―農村労働力流動の現状とゆくえ』芦書房 劉正愛（2006）、『民族生成の歴史人類学―満州・旗人・満族』風響社 李実・佐藤宏編（2004）、『経済転型的代価: 中国城市失業、貧困、収入差距的経験研究』北京: 中国財政経済出版社 国務院人口普査弁公室編（2007）、『中国2005 年1% 人口普査資料』北京: 中国統計出版社 Sato, Hiroshi (2003), The Growth of Market Relations in Post-reform Rural China: A Micro-Analysis of Peasants, Migrants and Peasant Entrepreneurs, London: RoutledgeCurzon. Todaro, Michael P. (1994), Economic Development, 5th edition, New York: Longman. O’Regan, Katherine M. and John M. Quigley (1993), “Family Networks and Youth Access to Jobs,” Journal of Urban Economics, 34(2), pp. 230–248. 鄭信哲（2001）、「略論我国少数民族人口流動及其影響」『満族研究』第1 期、3–12 ページ 厳善平（2005）、『中国の人口移動と民工』勁草書房 Ehrenberg, Ronald G. and Robert. S. Smith (1997), Modern Labor Economics: Theory and Public Policy, 6th edition, Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley. 日本語 英語 Zhao, Yaohui (2003), “The Role of Migrant Networks in Labor Migration: The Case of China,” Contemporary Economic Policy, 21(4), pp. 500–511. 中国語 張善余・曾明星（2005）、「少数民族人口分布変動与人口遷移形勢」『民族研究』第1 期、17–25 ページ 中国朝鮮族研究会編（2006）、『朝鮮族のグローバルな移動と国際ネットワーク―「アジア人」としてのアイデンティティを求めて』アジア経済文化研究所 鄭雅英（2001）、「変貌する東北の朝鮮族社会―「市場」と「民族」の狭間で」（佐々木信彰編『現代中国の民族と経済』世界思想社）、65–88 ページ Altonji, Joseph G. and Rebecca Blank (1999), “Race and Gender in the Labor Market,” in Orley Ashenfelter and David Card (eds.), Handbook of Labor Economics, Volume 3C, Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V., pp. 3144–3213. 韓美蘭（2009）、「中国農村労働力の民族別移動に関する一考察―吉林省の場合」『中国経営管理研究』第9 号、1–25 ページ 吉林省統計局編（2008）、『吉林統計年鑑2008』長春市: 吉林大学出版社 延辺州統計局編（2010）、『延辺統計年鑑2010』長春市: 吉林人民出版社 World Bank (2009), World Development Report 2009, Washington, D.C.: World Bank. 中兼和津次（1993）、「農民の経済行動と合理性―理論的整理と中国農村における実態調査に基づく若干の分析」『東京大学経済学論集』第59 巻第3 号、2–33 ページ Iredale, Robyn, Naran Bilik and Wang Su (2001), Contemporary Minority Migration, Education, and Ethnicity in China, Northampton: Edward Elgar. Williamson, Jeffrey G. (1988), “Migration and Urbanization,” in Hollis Chenery and T.N. Srinivasan (eds.), Handbook of Development Economics, Volume 1, Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V., pp. 425–465. 加藤弘之（2005）、「中国東北地域の開発と北東アジア」（大津定美編『北東アジアにおける国際労働移動と地域経済開発』ミネルヴァ書房）、3–66 ページ 国務院人口普査弁公室編（2002）、『中国2000 年人口普査資料』北京: 中国統計出版社 |
| References_xml | – reference: 李実・佐藤宏編（2004）、『経済転型的代価: 中国城市失業、貧困、収入差距的経験研究』北京: 中国財政経済出版社。 – reference: O’Regan, Katherine M. and John M. Quigley (1993), “Family Networks and Youth Access to Jobs,” Journal of Urban Economics, 34(2), pp. 230–248. – reference: Williamson, Jeffrey G. (1988), “Migration and Urbanization,” in Hollis Chenery and T.N. Srinivasan (eds.), Handbook of Development Economics, Volume 1, Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V., pp. 425–465. – reference: 張善余・曾明星（2005）、「少数民族人口分布変動与人口遷移形勢」『民族研究』第1 期、17–25 ページ。 – reference: Todaro, Michael P. (1994), Economic Development, 5th edition, New York: Longman. – reference: Iredale, Robyn, Naran Bilik and Wang Su (2001), Contemporary Minority Migration, Education, and Ethnicity in China, Northampton: Edward Elgar. – reference: 国務院人口普査弁公室編（2002）、『中国2000 年人口普査資料』北京: 中国統計出版社。 – reference: 国務院人口普査弁公室編（2007）、『中国2005 年1% 人口普査資料』北京: 中国統計出版社。 – reference: 日本語 – reference: Lee, Everett S. (1966), “A Theory of Migration,” Demography, 3(1), pp. 47–57. – reference: 延辺州統計局編（2010）、『延辺統計年鑑2010』長春市: 吉林人民出版社。 – reference: 厳善平（2005）、『中国の人口移動と民工』勁草書房。 – reference: 中兼和津次（1993）、「農民の経済行動と合理性―理論的整理と中国農村における実態調査に基づく若干の分析」『東京大学経済学論集』第59 巻第3 号、2–33 ページ。 – reference: World Bank (2009), World Development Report 2009, Washington, D.C.: World Bank. – reference: 大島一二（1996）、『中国の出稼ぎ労働者―農村労働力流動の現状とゆくえ』芦書房。 – reference: 鄭雅英（2001）、「変貌する東北の朝鮮族社会―「市場」と「民族」の狭間で」（佐々木信彰編『現代中国の民族と経済』世界思想社）、65–88 ページ。 – reference: Ehrenberg, Ronald G. and Robert. S. Smith (1997), Modern Labor Economics: Theory and Public Policy, 6th edition, Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley. – reference: Robinson, Judith K. (2002), “Race, Gender, and Familial Status: Discrimination in One US Mortgage Lending Market,” Feminist Economics, 8(2), pp. 63–85. – reference: 中国朝鮮族研究会編（2006）、『朝鮮族のグローバルな移動と国際ネットワーク―「アジア人」としてのアイデンティティを求めて』アジア経済文化研究所。 – reference: Altonji, Joseph G. and Rebecca Blank (1999), “Race and Gender in the Labor Market,” in Orley Ashenfelter and David Card (eds.), Handbook of Labor Economics, Volume 3C, Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V., pp. 3144–3213. – reference: 鄭信哲（2001）、「略論我国少数民族人口流動及其影響」『満族研究』第1 期、3–12 ページ。 – reference: 劉正愛（2006）、『民族生成の歴史人類学―満州・旗人・満族』風響社。 – reference: 加藤弘之（2005）、「中国東北地域の開発と北東アジア」（大津定美編『北東アジアにおける国際労働移動と地域経済開発』ミネルヴァ書房）、3–66 ページ。 – reference: Zhao, Yaohui (2003), “The Role of Migrant Networks in Labor Migration: The Case of China,” Contemporary Economic Policy, 21(4), pp. 500–511. – reference: 丁賽（2006）、「農村漢族和少数民族労働力転移的比較」『民族研究』第5 期、31–40 ページ。 – reference: Sato, Hiroshi (2003), The Growth of Market Relations in Post-reform Rural China: A Micro-Analysis of Peasants, Migrants and Peasant Entrepreneurs, London: RoutledgeCurzon. – reference: 国家統計局編（2008）、『中国統計年鑑2008』北京: 中国統計出版社。 – reference: 吉林省統計局編（2008）、『吉林統計年鑑2008』長春市: 吉林大学出版社。 – reference: Sjaastad, Larry A. (1962), “The Costs and Returns of Human Migration,” Journal of Political Economy, 70(5), pp. 80–93. – reference: 英語 – reference: 中国語 – reference: 韓美蘭（2009）、「中国農村労働力の民族別移動に関する一考察―吉林省の場合」『中国経営管理研究』第9 号、1–25 ページ。 |
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| Title | Labor Migration by Race and Its Factors in China: The Cases of Han and Minority People in Jilin Province |
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