Coffee, tea and decaffeinated coffee in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma in a European population: Multicentre, prospective cohort study
Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in Asia where consumption patterns of such beverages differ from Europe. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPI...
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| Published in | International journal of cancer Vol. 136; no. 8; pp. 1899 - 1908 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
15.04.2015
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in Asia where consumption patterns of such beverages differ from Europe. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), we identified 201 HCC cases among 486,799 men/women, after a median follow‐up of 11 years. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence in relation to quintiles/categories of coffee/tea intakes. We found that increased coffee and tea intakes were consistently associated with lower HCC risk. The inverse associations were substantial, monotonic and statistically significant. Coffee consumers in the highest compared to the lowest quintile had lower HCC risk by 72% [HR: 0.28; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.16–0.50, p‐trend < 0.001]. The corresponding association of tea with HCC risk was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.22–0.78, p‐trend = 0.003). There was no compelling evidence of heterogeneity of these associations across strata of important HCC risk factors, including hepatitis B or hepatitis C status (available in a nested case–control study). The inverse, monotonic associations of coffee intake with HCC were apparent for caffeinated (p‐trend = 0.009), but not decaffeinated (p‐trend = 0.45) coffee for which, however, data were available for a fraction of subjects. Results from this multicentre, European cohort study strengthen the existing evidence regarding the inverse association between coffee/tea and HCC risk. Given the apparent lack of heterogeneity of these associations by HCC risk factors and that coffee/tea are universal exposures, our results could have important implications for high HCC risk subjects.
What's new?
Could coffee and tea consumption protect from liver cancer? The answer is yes! In this first multi‐center European cohort study, intake of coffee and, to a lesser extent, tea was associated, in a dose‐dependent manner, with lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. For the most loyal coffee consumers, risk was reduced by 72%. No protection was observed with decaffeinated coffee. As caffeinated coffee and tea are almost universal exposures, these results may have important implications for individuals at high risk for liver cancer. |
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| AbstractList | Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in Asia where consumption patterns of such beverages differ from Europe. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), we identified 201 HCC cases among 486,799 men/women, after a median follow-up of 11 years. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence in relation to quintiles/categories of coffee/tea intakes. We found that increased coffee and tea intakes were consistently associated with lower HCC risk. The inverse associations were substantial, monotonic and statistically significant. Coffee consumers in the highest compared to the lowest quintile had lower HCC risk by 72% [HR: 0.28; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.16-0.50, p-trend < 0.001]. The corresponding association of tea with HCC risk was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.22-0.78, p-trend = 0.003). There was no compelling evidence of heterogeneity of these associations across strata of important HCC risk factors, including hepatitis B or hepatitis C status (available in a nested case-control study). The inverse, monotonic associations of coffee intake with HCC were apparent for caffeinated (p-trend = 0.009), but not decaffeinated (p-trend = 0.45) coffee for which, however, data were available for a fraction of subjects. Results from this multicentre, European cohort study strengthen the existing evidence regarding the inverse association between coffee/tea and HCC risk. Given the apparent lack of heterogeneity of these associations by HCC risk factors and that coffee/tea are universal exposures, our results could have important implications for high HCC risk subjects. Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in Asia where consumption patterns of such beverages differ from Europe. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), we identified 201 HCC cases among 486,799 men/women, after a median follow-up of 11 years. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence in relation to quintiles/categories of coffee/tea intakes. We found that increased coffee and tea intakes were consistently associated with lower HCC risk. The inverse associations were substantial, monotonic and statistically significant. Coffee consumers in the highest compared to the lowest quintile had lower HCC risk by 72% [HR: 0.28; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.16-0.50, p-trend<0.001]. The corresponding association of tea with HCC risk was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.22-0.78, p-trend=0.003). There was no compelling evidence of heterogeneity of these associations across strata of important HCC risk factors, including hepatitis B or hepatitis C status (available in a nested case-control study). The inverse, monotonic associations of coffee intake with HCC were apparent for caffeinated (p-trend=0.009), but not decaffeinated (p-trend=0.45) coffee for which, however, data were available for a fraction of subjects. Results from this multicentre, European cohort study strengthen the existing evidence regarding the inverse association between coffee/tea and HCC risk. Given the apparent lack of heterogeneity of these associations by HCC risk factors and that coffee/tea are universal exposures, our results could have important implications for high HCC risk subjects. Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in Asia where consumption patterns of such beverages differ from Europe. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), we identified 201 HCC cases among 486,799 men/women, after a median follow‐up of 11 years. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence in relation to quintiles/categories of coffee/tea intakes. We found that increased coffee and tea intakes were consistently associated with lower HCC risk. The inverse associations were substantial, monotonic and statistically significant. Coffee consumers in the highest compared to the lowest quintile had lower HCC risk by 72% [HR: 0.28; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.16–0.50, p‐trend < 0.001]. The corresponding association of tea with HCC risk was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.22–0.78, p‐trend = 0.003). There was no compelling evidence of heterogeneity of these associations across strata of important HCC risk factors, including hepatitis B or hepatitis C status (available in a nested case–control study). The inverse, monotonic associations of coffee intake with HCC were apparent for caffeinated (p‐trend = 0.009), but not decaffeinated (p‐trend = 0.45) coffee for which, however, data were available for a fraction of subjects. Results from this multicentre, European cohort study strengthen the existing evidence regarding the inverse association between coffee/tea and HCC risk. Given the apparent lack of heterogeneity of these associations by HCC risk factors and that coffee/tea are universal exposures, our results could have important implications for high HCC risk subjects. What's new? Could coffee and tea consumption protect from liver cancer? The answer is yes! In this first multi‐center European cohort study, intake of coffee and, to a lesser extent, tea was associated, in a dose‐dependent manner, with lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. For the most loyal coffee consumers, risk was reduced by 72%. No protection was observed with decaffeinated coffee. As caffeinated coffee and tea are almost universal exposures, these results may have important implications for individuals at high risk for liver cancer. Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in Asia where consumption patterns of such beverages differ from Europe. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), we identified 201 HCC cases among 486,799 men/women, after a median follow-up of 11 years. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence in relation to quintiles/categories of coffee/tea intakes. We found that increased coffee and tea intakes were consistently associated with lower HCC risk. The inverse associations were substantial, monotonic and statistically significant. Coffee consumers in the highest compared to the lowest quintile had lower HCC risk by 72% [HR: 0.28; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.16-0.50, p-trend < 0.001]. The corresponding association of tea with HCC risk was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.22-0.78, p-trend = 0.003). There was no compelling evidence of heterogeneity of these associations across strata of important HCC risk factors, including hepatitis B or hepatitis C status (available in a nested case-control study). The inverse, monotonic associations of coffee intake with HCC were apparent for caffeinated (p-trend = 0.009), but not decaffeinated (p-trend = 0.45) coffee for which, however, data were available for a fraction of subjects. Results from this multicentre, European cohort study strengthen the existing evidence regarding the inverse association between coffee/tea and HCC risk. Given the apparent lack of heterogeneity of these associations by HCC risk factors and that coffee/tea are universal exposures, our results could have important implications for high HCC risk subjects.Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in Asia where consumption patterns of such beverages differ from Europe. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), we identified 201 HCC cases among 486,799 men/women, after a median follow-up of 11 years. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence in relation to quintiles/categories of coffee/tea intakes. We found that increased coffee and tea intakes were consistently associated with lower HCC risk. The inverse associations were substantial, monotonic and statistically significant. Coffee consumers in the highest compared to the lowest quintile had lower HCC risk by 72% [HR: 0.28; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.16-0.50, p-trend < 0.001]. The corresponding association of tea with HCC risk was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.22-0.78, p-trend = 0.003). There was no compelling evidence of heterogeneity of these associations across strata of important HCC risk factors, including hepatitis B or hepatitis C status (available in a nested case-control study). The inverse, monotonic associations of coffee intake with HCC were apparent for caffeinated (p-trend = 0.009), but not decaffeinated (p-trend = 0.45) coffee for which, however, data were available for a fraction of subjects. Results from this multicentre, European cohort study strengthen the existing evidence regarding the inverse association between coffee/tea and HCC risk. Given the apparent lack of heterogeneity of these associations by HCC risk factors and that coffee/tea are universal exposures, our results could have important implications for high HCC risk subjects. Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in Asia where consumption patterns of such beverages differ from Europe. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), we identified 201 HCC cases among 486,799 men/women, after a median follow-up of 11 years. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence in relation to quintiles/categories of coffee/tea intakes. We found that increased coffee and tea intakes were consistently associated with lower HCC risk. The inverse associations were substantial, monotonic and statistically significant. Coffee consumers in the highest compared to the lowest quintile had lower HCC risk by 72% [HR: 0.28; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.16-0.50, p-trend<0.001]. The corresponding association of tea with HCC risk was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.22-0.78, p-trend=0.003). There was no compelling evidence of heterogeneity of these associations across strata of important HCC risk factors, including hepatitis B or hepatitis C status (available in a nested case-control study). The inverse, monotonic associations of coffee intake with HCC were apparent for caffeinated (p-trend=0.009), but not decaffeinated (p-trend=0.45) coffee for which, however, data were available for a fraction of subjects. Results from this multicentre, European cohort study strengthen the existing evidence regarding the inverse association between coffee/tea and HCC risk. Given the apparent lack of heterogeneity of these associations by HCC risk factors and that coffee/tea are universal exposures, our results could have important implications for high HCC risk subjects. What's new? Could coffee and tea consumption protect from liver cancer? The answer is yes! In this first multi-center European cohort study, intake of coffee and, to a lesser extent, tea was associated, in a dose-dependent manner, with lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. For the most loyal coffee consumers, risk was reduced by 72%. No protection was observed with decaffeinated coffee. As caffeinated coffee and tea are almost universal exposures, these results may have important implications for individuals at high risk for liver cancer. © 2014 UICC. Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in Asia where consumption patterns of such beverages differ from Europe. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), we identified 201 HCC cases among 486,799 men/women, after a median follow-up of 11 years. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence in relation to quintiles/categories of coffee/tea intakes. We found that increased coffee and tea intakes were consistently associated with lower HCC risk. The inverse associations were substantial, monotonic and statistically significant. Coffee consumers in the highest compared to the lowest quintile had lower HCC risk by 72% [HR: 0.28; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.16-0.50, p-trend < 0.001]. The corresponding association of tea with HCC risk was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.22-0.78, p-trend50.003). There was no compelling evidence of heterogeneity of these associations across strata of important HCC risk factors, including hepatitis B or hepatitis C status (available in a nested case-control study). The inverse, monotonic associations of coffee intake with HCC were apparent for caffeinated (p-trend50.009), but not decaffeinated (p-trend50.45) coffee for which, however, data were available for a fraction of subjects. Results from this multicentre, European cohort study strengthen the existing evidence regarding the inverse association between coffee/tea and HCC risk. Given the apparent lack of heterogeneity of these associations by HCC risk factors and that coffee/tea are universal exposures, our results could have important implications for high HCC risk subjects. |
| Author | Nilsson, Lena Maria Vineis, Paolo Ferrari, Pietro Lindkvist, Björn Lagiou, Pagona Quirós, J. Ramón Weiderpass, Elisabete Travis, Ruth C. Pischon, Tobias Sund, Malin Kuhn, Tilman Bradbury, Kathryn E. Trichopoulou, Antonia Bhoo‐Pathy, Nirmala Lund, Eiliv Palli, Domenico Floegel, Anna Riboli, Elio Jenab, Mazda Tumino, Rosario Molina‐Montes, Esther Fedirko, Veronika Wallström, Peter Gunter, Marc Uiterwaal, Cuno S. P. M. Racine, Antoine Ardanaz, Eva Boutron‐Ruault, Marie‐Christine Panico, Salvatore Olsen, Anja Stepien, Magdalena Wareham, Nick Aleksandrova, Krasimira Bueno‐de‐Mesquita, H.B(as) Duarte‐Salles, Talita Trichopoulos, Dimitrios Khaw, Kay‐Tee Overvad, Kim Dorronsoro, Miren Benetou, Vasiliki Chirlaque, Maria‐Dolores Tjønneland, Anne Murphy, Neil Grioni, Sara Zamora‐Ros, Raul Boeing, Heiner Dik, Vincent K. Bamia, Christina Fagherazzi, Guy |
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| Copyright | 2014 UICC 2014 UICC. 2015 UICC |
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| References_xml | – volume: 20 start-page: 1939 year: 2009 end-page: 45 article-title: Green tea consumption and the risk of liver cancer in Japan: the Ohsaki cohort study publication-title: Cancer Causes Control – volume: 5 start-page: 1311 year: 2002 end-page: 28 article-title: Diversity of dietary patterns observed in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) project publication-title: Public Health Nutr – volume: 98 start-page: 214 year: 2007 end-page: 8 article-title: Inverse association between coffee drinking and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a case–control study in Japan publication-title: Cancer Sci – volume: 15 start-page: 565 year: 2008 end-page: 8 article-title: Matched case–control study on factors for main cancer in a low incidence area of Jiangsu province publication-title: Chin J Cancer Prev Treat – volume: 65 start-page: 329 year: 2013 end-page: 44 article-title: Chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of tea polyphenols in hepatocellular cancer publication-title: Nutr Cancer – volume: 97 start-page: 293 year: 2005 end-page: 300 article-title: Influence of coffee drinking on subsequent risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective study in Japan publication-title: J Natl Cancer Inst – volume: 34 start-page: 495 year: 2014 end-page: 504 article-title: Impact of coffee on liver diseases: a systematic review publication-title: Liver Int – volume: 53 start-page: 1399 year: 2005 end-page: 402 article-title: Contribution of chlorogenic acids to the iron‐reducing activity of coffee beverages publication-title: J Agric Food Chem – volume: 17 start-page: 846 year: 2008 end-page: 54 article-title: Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in a Japanese population: a nested case–control study publication-title: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev – volume: 20 start-page: 157 year: 2011 end-page: 65 article-title: Epidemiological studies of the association between tea drinking and primary liver cancer: a meta‐analysis publication-title: Eur J Cancer Prev – volume: 93 start-page: 607 year: 2005 end-page: 10 article-title: Coffee and risk of death from hepatocellular carcinoma in a large cohort study in Japan publication-title: Br J Cancer – volume: 5 start-page: 1113 year: 2002 end-page: 24 article-title: European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): study populations and data collection publication-title: Public Health Nutr – volume: 11 start-page: 458 year: 2001 end-page: 65 article-title: Coffee, caffeine, and the risk of liver cirrhosis publication-title: Ann Epidemiol – year: 2007 – volume: 96 start-page: 911 year: 2010 end-page: 7 article-title: Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: a case–control study in Belgrade (Serbia) publication-title: Tumori – volume: 36 start-page: 201 year: 2006 end-page: 8 article-title: Coffee consumption and reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic type C liver disease: a case–control study publication-title: Hepatol Res – volume: 132 start-page: 2557 year: 2007 end-page: 76 article-title: Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology and molecular carcinogenesis publication-title: Gastroenterology – volume: 13 start-page: 49 year: 2000 end-page: 54 article-title: Preventive effects of drinking green tea on cancer and cardio vascular disease: epidemiological evidence for multiple targeting prevention publication-title: Biofactors – volume: 42 start-page: 528 year: 2005 end-page: 34 article-title: Coffee consumption reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma independently of its aetiology: a case–control study publication-title: J Hepatol – volume: 132 start-page: 645 year: 2013 end-page: 57 article-title: Abdominal obesity, weight gain during adulthood and risk of liver and biliary tract cancer in a European cohort publication-title: Int J Cancer – volume: 18 start-page: 231 year: 1999 end-page: 2 article-title: A case–control study of primary liver cancer in Guangdong province of China publication-title: Chin J Public Health – volume: 169 start-page: 2053 year: 2009 end-page: 63 article-title: Coffee. Decaffeinated coffee, and tea consumption in relation to incident type 2 diabetes mellitus. 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Coffee and liver disease publication-title: Gastroenterology – volume: 11 start-page: 1413 year: 2013 end-page: 21 article-title: Coffee reduces risk for hepatocellular carcinoma: an updated meta‐analysis publication-title: Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol – volume: 129 start-page: 1928 year: 2005 end-page: 36 article-title: Coffee and tea consumption are associated with a lower incidence of chronic liver disease in the United States publication-title: Gastroenterology – volume: 61 start-page: 1037 year: 2007 end-page: 56 article-title: The EPIC nutrient database project (ENDB): a first attempt to standardize nutrient databases across the 10 European countries participating in the EPIC study publication-title: Eur J Clin Nutr – volume: 85 start-page: 498 year: 2000 end-page: 502 article-title: Tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and their interaction in the causation of hepatocellular carcinoma publication-title: Int J Cancer – volume: 29 start-page: 723 year: 2002 end-page: 5 article-title: The case–control study for the risk factors of HCC in Luoyang publication-title: Modern Prev Med – volume: 109 start-page: 1344 year: 2013 end-page: 51 article-title: The association of coffee intake with liver cancer incidence and chronic liver disease mortality in male smokers publication-title: Br J Cancer – volume: 22 start-page: 503 year: 2011 end-page: 10 article-title: Coffee consumption and reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: findings from the Singapore Chinese Health Study publication-title: Cancer Causes Control – volume: 120 start-page: 1555 year: 2007 end-page: 9 article-title: Coffee and tea consumption and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Italy publication-title: Int J Cancer – volume: 103 start-page: 1686 year: 2011 end-page: 95 article-title: Hepatocellular carcinoma risk factors and disease burden in a European cohort: a nested case–control study publication-title: J Natl Cancer Inst – volume: 87 start-page: 956 year: 2002 end-page: 9 article-title: Does coffee protect against hepatocellular carcinoma? publication-title: Br J Cancer – volume: 48 start-page: 129 year: 2008 end-page: 36 article-title: Joint effects of coffee consumption and serum gamma‐glutamyltransferase on the risk of liver cancer publication-title: Hepatology – volume: 65 start-page: 556 year: 2011 end-page: 8 article-title: Moderate coffee consumption reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B chronic carriers: a case–control study publication-title: J Epidemiol Community Health – volume: 116 start-page: 150 year: 2005 end-page: 4 article-title: Coffee consumption and the risk of primary liver cancer: pooled analysis of two prospective studies in Japan publication-title: Int J Cancer |
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| Snippet | Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in... © 2014 UICC. Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies... |
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| SubjectTerms | Beverages - adverse effects Caffeine Caffeine - adverse effects Cancer Cancer and Oncology Cancer och onkologi Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - epidemiology Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - etiology Case-Control Studies Clinical Medicine Coffee Coffee - adverse effects Confidence intervals EPIC Europe Female Health risk assessment Hepatocellular carcinoma Humans Incidence Klinisk medicin Liver cancer Liver Neoplasms - epidemiology Liver Neoplasms - etiology Male Medical and Health Sciences Medical research Medicin och hälsovetenskap Middle Aged Prospective Studies Risk Risk Assessment Risk Factors Tea Tea - adverse effects |
| Title | Coffee, tea and decaffeinated coffee in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma in a European population: Multicentre, prospective cohort study |
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