Droit islamique et droits de la femme d'après les registres du Tribunal Musulman de Ndar (Saint-Louis du Sénégal)
Based on the nineteenth-century records of Senegal's first Muslim Tribunal, founded in 1857, this article examines how the rights of Muslim women were upheld by judges in charge of dispensing Islamic justice. A brief history of the tribunal is presented before turning to a discussion of women...
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Published in | Canadian journal of African studies Vol. 41; no. 2; pp. 289 - 307 |
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Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | French |
Published |
Toronto
Canadian Association of African Studies
01.05.2007
Taylor & Francis Ltd |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | Based on the nineteenth-century records of Senegal's first Muslim Tribunal, founded in 1857, this article examines how the rights of Muslim women were upheld by judges in charge of dispensing Islamic justice. A brief history of the tribunal is presented before turning to a discussion of women's rights in Islam, and in particular, their divorce rights. The rest of the article examines a sample of civil cases focusing on divorce cases initiated by women, which were the most commonly heard in court. The article reflects on whether Muslim women's rights were respected in court, and considers areas where both husbands and cadis may have abused them. /// Selon les archives du tribunal musulman de Saint-Louis du Sénégal, fondé en 1857, cet article s'intéresse au cas des femmes qui étaient les plus nombreuses à recourir à la médiation des juges musulmans au sein de cette institution judiciaire. A partir d'une analyse des droits de la femme en matière de divorce, nous examinons l'application du droit islamique au sein du Tribunal Musulman. Nous nous interrogerons tout particulièrement sur la politique judiciaire musulmane des cadis de Ndar en ce qui concerne le code familial et les droits de la femme. Mais, en premier lieu, nous abordons les péripéties du Tribunal Musulman, qui fut la toute première institution judiciaire publique en Afrique de l'ouest francophone. |
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AbstractList | Abstract Based on the nineteenth-century records of Senegal's first Muslim Tribunal, founded in 1857, this article examines how the rights of Muslim women were upheld by judges in charge of dispensing Islamic justice. The rest of the article examines a sample of civil cases focusing on divorce cases initiated by women, which were the most commonly heard in court. Le Tribunal Musulman: Histoire d'une anomalie judiciaire Établi en mai 1857 par décret constitutif, le Tribunal Musulman devint l'une des institutions les plus remarquables issues du legs de l'architecte de la colonie du Sénégal, le général Louis Léon César Faidherbe.1 Mais il faut préciser que le général ne fit que répondre aux délibérations et pétitions adressées par les notables musulmans de Ndar qui, depuis plus d'une décennie, réclamaient la création d'une telle institution islamique où leurs affaires seraient réglées d'après la sharfa.2 Avec la venue à Ndar du nouveau gouverneur, leur projet fut enfin réalisé et le Tribunal Musulman, calqué sur le modèle algérien, vit le jour.3 Faidherbe, pour sa part, avait une idée très claire du rôle que devait jouer ce tribunal, et tout particulièrement son administrateur principal, le juge musulman ou cadi (qàdï). Son premier ouvrage est intitulé On Trans-Saharan Trails: Islamic Law, Trade Networks and Cross-Cultural Exchange in Western Africa (à paraître à Cambridge University Press). Based on the nineteenth-century records of Senegal's first Muslim Tribunal, founded in 1857, this article examines how the rights of Muslim women were upheld by judges in charge of dispensing Islamic justice. A brief history of the tribunal is presented before turning to a discussion of women's rights in Islam, and in particular, their divorce rights. The rest of the article examines a sample of civil cases focusing on divorce cases initiated by women, which were the most commonly heard in court. The article reflects on whether Muslim women's rights were respected in court, and considers areas where both husbands and cadis may have abused them. /// Selon les archives du tribunal musulman de Saint-Louis du Sénégal, fondé en 1857, cet article s'intéresse au cas des femmes qui étaient les plus nombreuses à recourir à la médiation des juges musulmans au sein de cette institution judiciaire. A partir d'une analyse des droits de la femme en matière de divorce, nous examinons l'application du droit islamique au sein du Tribunal Musulman. Nous nous interrogerons tout particulièrement sur la politique judiciaire musulmane des cadis de Ndar en ce qui concerne le code familial et les droits de la femme. Mais, en premier lieu, nous abordons les péripéties du Tribunal Musulman, qui fut la toute première institution judiciaire publique en Afrique de l'ouest francophone. |
Author | Lydon, Ghislaine |
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Snippet | Based on the nineteenth-century records of Senegal's first Muslim Tribunal, founded in 1857, this article examines how the rights of Muslim women were upheld... Abstract Based on the nineteenth-century records of Senegal's first Muslim Tribunal, founded in 1857, this article examines how the rights of Muslim women were... |
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SubjectTerms | Archives & records Divorce Francophones Gender Islamic law Muslims Roberts, Richard Womens rights |
Title | Droit islamique et droits de la femme d'après les registres du Tribunal Musulman de Ndar (Saint-Louis du Sénégal) |
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