日本における熱中症予防研究
地球の温暖化を背景として日本では熱中症事故が増加している.特に暑熱に関係する死亡事故は屋外でのスポーツ活動時や運動時または労働時にみられる.熱失神,熱疲労,熱けいれん,熱射病などの熱中症は高体温と脱水が原因であるので,夏季運動時や労働時にこのような生理的歪みを減少させることが熱中症の予防に重要である.日本の公的機関から発表されている熱中症予防に関するガイドラインは,高温環境における生理反応やヒトの活動,および熱中症発生に関する環境要因や疫学調査等,多くの研究成果に基づいて作成されている.本稿では,日本における熱中症予防に関する研究事例を紹介する....
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Published in | 日本生気象学会雑誌 Vol. 52; no. 2; pp. 97 - 104 |
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Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | Japanese |
Published |
日本生気象学会
2015
Japanese Society of Biometeorology |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 0389-1313 1347-7617 |
DOI | 10.11227/seikisho.52.97 |
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Abstract | 地球の温暖化を背景として日本では熱中症事故が増加している.特に暑熱に関係する死亡事故は屋外でのスポーツ活動時や運動時または労働時にみられる.熱失神,熱疲労,熱けいれん,熱射病などの熱中症は高体温と脱水が原因であるので,夏季運動時や労働時にこのような生理的歪みを減少させることが熱中症の予防に重要である.日本の公的機関から発表されている熱中症予防に関するガイドラインは,高温環境における生理反応やヒトの活動,および熱中症発生に関する環境要因や疫学調査等,多くの研究成果に基づいて作成されている.本稿では,日本における熱中症予防に関する研究事例を紹介する. |
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AbstractList | As global temperatures having been rising, there has been an increased incidence of heat disorders in Japan. In particular, cases of death due to heat-related injuries among subjects practicing outdoor sports and/or exercising or working outside have been reported. As heat disorders, for example those presenting as heat stroke, heat exhaustion, heat cramps or heat rashes, are caused by hyperthermia and dehydration, attenuating the physiological strain induced by these symptoms is very important for preventing such disorders when engaging in outdoor exercises or while working outside during the summer. Several guidelines for preventing heat disorders have been proposed by official Japanese facilities based on the findings of many studies evaluating physiological responses and/or human activities in hot environments and assessing environmental and epidemiological factors related to heat conditions. In the present review, several studies on the prevention of heat disorders in Japan are introduced.
地球の温暖化を背景として日本では熱中症事故が増加している.特に暑熱に関係する死亡事故は屋外でのスポーツ活動時や運動時または労働時にみられる.熱失神,熱疲労,熱けいれん,熱射病などの熱中症は高体温と脱水が原因であるので,夏季運動時や労働時にこのような生理的歪みを減少させることが熱中症の予防に重要である.日本の公的機関から発表されている熱中症予防に関するガイドラインは,高温環境における生理反応やヒトの活動,および熱中症発生に関する環境要因や疫学調査等,多くの研究成果に基づいて作成されている.本稿では,日本における熱中症予防に関する研究事例を紹介する. 地球の温暖化を背景として日本では熱中症事故が増加している.特に暑熱に関係する死亡事故は屋外でのスポーツ活動時や運動時または労働時にみられる.熱失神,熱疲労,熱けいれん,熱射病などの熱中症は高体温と脱水が原因であるので,夏季運動時や労働時にこのような生理的歪みを減少させることが熱中症の予防に重要である.日本の公的機関から発表されている熱中症予防に関するガイドラインは,高温環境における生理反応やヒトの活動,および熱中症発生に関する環境要因や疫学調査等,多くの研究成果に基づいて作成されている.本稿では,日本における熱中症予防に関する研究事例を紹介する. |
Author | 芳田, 哲也 |
Author_FL | Yoshida Tetsuya |
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References_xml | – reference: Yoshida, T., Takanishi, T., Nakai, S., Yorimoto, A. and Morimoto, T. (2002): The critical level of water deficit causing a decrease in human exercise performance: a practical field study. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 87: 529–534. – reference: González, A.J., Teller, C., Andersen, S.L., Jensen, F.B., Hyldig, T. and Nielsen, B. (1999): Influence of body temperature on the development of fatigue during prolonged exercise in the heat. J. Appl. Physiol., 86: 1032–1039. – reference: Lind, A.R. (1963): A physiological criterion for setting thermal environmental limits for every day work. J. Appl. Physiol., 18: 51–56. – reference: Booth, J., Marino, F. and Ward, J.J. (1997): Improved running performance in hot humid conditions following whole body precooling. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 29: 943–949. – reference: Gavin, T.P. (2003): Clothing and themoregulation during exercise. Sports Med., 33: 941–947. – reference: Nielsen, B., Hales, J.R., Strange, S., Christensen, N.J., Warberg, J. and Saltin, B. (1993): Human circulatory and thermoregulatory adaptations with heat acclimation and exercise in a hot, dry environment. J. Physiol., 460: 467–485. – reference: 森本武利,三木健寿,能勢 博,山田誠二,平川和文,松原周信(1981):発汗時の水分塩分摂取と体液組成の変化.日生気誌,18: 31–39. – reference: Demachi, K., Yoshida, T., Kume., M. and Tsuneoka, H. (2012): The effect of starting or stopping skin cooling on the thermoregulatory responses during leg exercise in humans. Int. J. Sports Med., 33: 514–520. – reference: Okazaki, K., Hayase, H., Ichinose, T., Mitono, H., Doi, T. and Nose, H. (2009b): Protein and carbohydrate supplementation after exercise increases plasma volume and albumin content in older and young men. J. Appl. Physiol., 107: 770–779. – reference: Okazaki, K., Goto, M. and Nose, H. (2009a): Protein and carbohydrate supplementation increases aerobic and thermo-regulatory capacities. J. Physiol. 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SubjectTerms | Dehydration Heat island Hyperthermia Thermoregulation 体温調節 地球温暖化 脱水 高体温 |
Title | 日本における熱中症予防研究 |
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