BASIC AND CLINICAL STUDIES ON CEFDINIR IN RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS

• Published in: CHEMOTHERAPY Vol. 37; no. Supplement2; pp. 304 - 311
• Main Authors: OHNO, ISAO, NISHIOKA, KIYO, OGIWARA, HISAKO, SATO, YUKO, MAMUNE, RURIKO, MIURA, YASUKO, TANNO, YASUO, TAKISHIMA, TAMOTSU
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Japanese
• Published: Japanese Society of Chemotherapy 1989
• Subjects: Cefdinir
• ISSN: 0009-3165; 1884-5894
• DOI: 10.11250/chemotherapy1953.37.Supplement2_304

We performed basic and clinical studies on cefdinir (CFDN), a new oral cephem, with the following results: 1. Basic study The sensitivity distribution of CFDN against 53 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 52 strains of Branhamella catarrhalis, and 49 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, which were all clinically isolated in 1988, was compared with that of CFIX, CCL, CXM, ABPC, AMPC/CVA and PCG. The data revealed that CFDN was extremely active against H. influenzae and B. catarrhalis, but only moderately so against S. pneumoniae. Concentrations of CFDN in plasma and sputum were measured in three and two patients with respiratory tract infection (RTI), who were given the drug in an oral single or serial doses of 200 mg. By single administration, the serum levels peaked at 0.76, 0.99 and 1.18μg/ml after 4 h, and sputum levels peaked at 0.02μg/ml after 2 or 4 h in each patient. By serial administration, serum levels rose with each administration and reached 1.0, 1.41 or 1.43μg/ml, while sputum levels reached 0.06μg/ml in the one patient. In the other patient no sputum level was detectable. 2 Clinical study Ten patients with RTI (acute bronchitis 3, secondary infection of chronic pulmonary emphysema 1, bronchiectasis 1, interstitial pneumonia 1, chonic bronchitis 4) were given the drug orally at a daily dose of 600mg for 3 to 15 days. The clinical efficacy rate was 50%. Five of ten causative organisms (1/4 H. influenzae, 1/2 Staphylococcus aureus, 2/2 S. pneumoniae, 1/2 B. catarrhalis) were eradicated. In three patients side effects were observed, namely, diarrhea, a transient slight elevation of eosinophils and BUN and a transient slight decrease of RBC. From these results, we concluded that CFDN is an effective and useful oral antibiotic for the treatment of mild and moderate RTI.