表面電離法による103番元素ローレンシウムの第一イオン化エネルギー測定
原子番号が100を超える重い元素のひとつ，103番元素ローレンシウム（Lr）の第一イオン化エネルギー（IP1）の決定に初めて成功した。一度に原子一個の取扱いが求められるLrのIP1測定には，マクロ量を対象とした従来法とは異なる手法が要求される。本稿では，表面電離過程を応用した新しいIP1決定法について解説するとともに，Natureの表紙を飾ったLrのIP1測定結果と，その後の議論について紹介する。...
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| Published in | RADIOISOTOPES Vol. 67; no. 10; pp. 495 - 505 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
公益社団法人 日本アイソトープ協会
15.10.2018
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0033-8303 1884-4111 |
| DOI | 10.3769/radioisotopes.67.495 |
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| Abstract | 原子番号が100を超える重い元素のひとつ，103番元素ローレンシウム（Lr）の第一イオン化エネルギー（IP1）の決定に初めて成功した。一度に原子一個の取扱いが求められるLrのIP1測定には，マクロ量を対象とした従来法とは異なる手法が要求される。本稿では，表面電離過程を応用した新しいIP1決定法について解説するとともに，Natureの表紙を飾ったLrのIP1測定結果と，その後の議論について紹介する。 |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | 原子番号が100を超える重い元素のひとつ，103番元素ローレンシウム（Lr）の第一イオン化エネルギー（IP1）の決定に初めて成功した。一度に原子一個の取扱いが求められるLrのIP1測定には，マクロ量を対象とした従来法とは異なる手法が要求される。本稿では，表面電離過程を応用した新しいIP1決定法について解説するとともに，Natureの表紙を飾ったLrのIP1測定結果と，その後の議論について紹介する。 |
| Author | 佐藤, 哲也 |
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| Copyright | 2018 公益社団法人日本アイソトープ協会 |
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| DOI | 10.3769/radioisotopes.67.495 |
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| References_xml | – reference: 6) Pyykkö, P., Relativistic effects in structural chemistry, Chem. Rev., 88, 563–594 (1988) – reference: 20) Sakama, M., Tsukada, K., Asai, M., Ichikawa, S., et al., New isotope 233Am, Eur. Phys. J. A, 9, 303–305 (2000) – reference: 27) Seaborg, G. T., The Transuranium Elements, Science, 104, 379–386 (1946) – reference: 8) Eichler, B., Hübener, S., Gäggeler, H. W. and Jost, D. T., Adsorption of lawrencium on metal surfaces. An approach to the determination of the influence of relativistic effects on the electronic ground state configuration, Inorg. Chim. Acta, 146, 261–265 (1988) – reference: 13) Zandberg, É. Y. and Ionov, N. I., SURFACE IONIZATION, Sov. Phys. Usp., 2, 255–281 (1959) – reference: 24) Sato, N., et al., Radiochim. Acta, 102, 211 (2014) – reference: 3) Ghiorso, A., Sikkeland, T., Larsh, A. E. and Latimer, R. M., New Element, Lawrencium, Atomic Number 103, Phys. Rev. Lett., 6, 473–475 (1961) – reference: 14) Kirchner, R., On the thermoionization in hot cavities, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 292, 203–208 (1990) – reference: 23) Nagame, Y., et al., J. Nucl. Radiochem. Sci., 3, 85–88 (2002) – reference: 25) Kramida, A., et al., NIST Atomic Spectra Database version 5.1 (2013), http://physics.nist.gov/asd – reference: 31) Scherri, E., Chem. Int., 22–23 (2016) – reference: 1) Öhrström, L. and Reedijk, J., Names and symbols of the elements with atomic numbers 113, 115, 117 and 118 (IUPAC Recommendations 2016), Pure Appl. Chem., 88, 1255–1229 (2016) – reference: 21) Tsukada, K., Ichikawa, S., Hatsukawa, Y., Nishinaka, I., et al., Half-life of the electron capture decaying isotope 236 Am, Phys. Rev. C Nucl. Phys., 57, 2057–2060 (1998) – reference: 32) IUPAC Gold book http://goldbook.iupac.org/ – reference: 29) Jensen, W. B., The positions of lanthanum (actinium) and lutetium (lawrencium) in the periodic table, J. Chem. Educ., 59, 634–636 (1982) – reference: 17) Sato, T. K., Sato, N., Asai, M., Tsukada, K., et al., First successful ionization of Lr (Z=103) by a surface-ionization technique., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 84, 023304 (2013) – reference: 26) Borschevsky, A., Eliav, E., Vilkas, M. J., Ishikawa, Y., et al., Transition energies of atomic lawrencium, Eur. Phys. J. D, 45, 115–119 (2007) – reference: 7) Desclaux, J. P. and Fricke, B., Relativistic prediction of the ground state of atomic Lawrencium, J. Phys. (Paris), 41, 943–946 (1980) – reference: 10) Peterson, J. R., Erdmann, N., Nunnemann, M., Eberhardt, K., et al., Determination of the first ionization potential of einsteinium by resonance ionization mass spectroscopy (RIMS), J. Alloys Compd., 271, 876–878 (1998) – reference: 9) Jost, D. T., Gäggeler, H. W., Vogel, C. H., Schädel, M., et al., Search for lawrencium as a p-element using gas chromatography techniques, Inorg. Chim. Acta, 146, 255–259 (1988) – reference: 11) Chhetri, P. et al., Precision measurement of the first ionization potential of nobelium, Phys. Rev. Lett., 120, 263003 (2018) – reference: 12) Sato, T. K., Asai, M., Borschevsky, A., Stora, T., et al., Measurement of the first ionization potential of lawrencium, element 103., Nature, 520, 209–211 (2015) – reference: 33) Ball, P., Chem. World (21 Apr 2017) https://www.chemistryworld.com/opinion/the-group-3-dilemma/3007080.article – reference: 16) Smith, D. H., Mass Spectrometric Investigation of Surface Ionization. VII. The First Ionization Potential of Curium, J. Chem. Phys., 54, 1424–1425 (1971) – reference: 5) Hoffman, D. C., Henderson, R. A., Gregorich, K. E., Bennett, D. A., et al., Atom-at-a-time radiochemical separations of the heaviest elements: Lawrencium chemistry, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 124, 135–144 (1988) – reference: 18) Ichikawa, S., Asai, M., Tsukada, K., Osa, A., et al., Mass separation of neutron-rich isotopes using a gas-jet coupled thermal ion source, Nucl. Instrum. Methods. A, 374, 330–334 (1996) – reference: 30) https://iupac.org/projects/project-details/?project_nr=2015-039-2-200 – reference: 19) Sato, T. K., Asai, M., Sato, N., Tsukada, K., et al., Development of a He/CdI2 gas-jet system coupled to a surface-ionization type ion-source in JAEA-ISOL: towards determination of the first ionization potential of Lr (Z = 103), J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 303, 1253–1257 (2015) – reference: 2) https://www.nature.com/subjects/superheavy-elements – reference: 15) Smith, D. H. and Hertel, G. R., First Ionization Potentials of Th, Np, and Pu by Surface Ionization, J. Chem. Phys., 51, 3105–3107 (1969) – reference: 28) Zvara, I., Chuburkov, Yu. T., Caletka, R. and Shalaevski, M. R., Radiokhimiya, 11, 163 (1969) – reference: 4) Silva, R. J., Sikkeland, T., Nurmia, M. and Ghiorso, A., Tracer chemical studies of lawrencium, Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 6, 733–739 (1970) – reference: 22) Weast, R. C., Astle, M. J. and Beyer, W. H. (eds.), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 65th ed., CRC, (1985). |
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| Title | 表面電離法による103番元素ローレンシウムの第一イオン化エネルギー測定 |
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