東京湾流域におけるシロキサン類の存在実態及び多媒体挙動に関する研究
シロキサン類の一部は,難分解性,生物蓄積性,及び生態毒性を有すると懸念されるが,国内におけるシロキサン類の環境濃度分布,環境排出量,及び環境挙動に関する情報は極めて少ない。本稿では,当該化学物質の高負荷量地域である東京湾流域を対象に実施してきた,実測,排出源・排出量推定,及び多媒体モデルの多角的なアプローチによる研究を紹介する。実測調査では,水質,底質,大気等の多媒体についてシロキサン類の分析法を検討した。水質分析法については,その国際規格化を実現した。東京湾流域の河川水,河川底質,および大気中濃度の測定から,国内における汚染状況を初めて明らかにした。また,下水処理場の詳細モニタリングでは,下...
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Published in | Chikyu Kankyo Vol. 27; no. 3; pp. 213 - 222 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | Japanese |
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一般社団法人 国際環境研究協会
15.03.2023
ASSOCIATION OF INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH INITIATIVES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES |
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Abstract | シロキサン類の一部は,難分解性,生物蓄積性,及び生態毒性を有すると懸念されるが,国内におけるシロキサン類の環境濃度分布,環境排出量,及び環境挙動に関する情報は極めて少ない。本稿では,当該化学物質の高負荷量地域である東京湾流域を対象に実施してきた,実測,排出源・排出量推定,及び多媒体モデルの多角的なアプローチによる研究を紹介する。実測調査では,水質,底質,大気等の多媒体についてシロキサン類の分析法を検討した。水質分析法については,その国際規格化を実現した。東京湾流域の河川水,河川底質,および大気中濃度の測定から,国内における汚染状況を初めて明らかにした。また,下水処理場の詳細モニタリングでは,下水処理場におけるシロキサン類のマスバランス,除去効率,公共用水域への排出量推定等の排出源データを整備した。シロキサン類の排出源解析では,大気濃度データに非負値行列因子分解を適用し,排出源の種類及びその寄与率を推定した。モデル解析では,地理的分解能を有する多媒体環境動態モデルにより,各媒体中のシロキサン類濃度を予測した。さらに,排出を含めたモデル予測結果の確からしさを確認するために,実測値との比較を行った。 |
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AbstractList | シロキサン類の一部は,難分解性,生物蓄積性,及び生態毒性を有すると懸念されるが,国内におけるシロキサン類の環境濃度分布,環境排出量,及び環境挙動に関する情報は極めて少ない。本稿では,当該化学物質の高負荷量地域である東京湾流域を対象に実施してきた,実測,排出源・排出量推定,及び多媒体モデルの多角的なアプローチによる研究を紹介する。実測調査では,水質,底質,大気等の多媒体についてシロキサン類の分析法を検討した。水質分析法については,その国際規格化を実現した。東京湾流域の河川水,河川底質,および大気中濃度の測定から,国内における汚染状況を初めて明らかにした。また,下水処理場の詳細モニタリングでは,下水処理場におけるシロキサン類のマスバランス,除去効率,公共用水域への排出量推定等の排出源データを整備した。シロキサン類の排出源解析では,大気濃度データに非負値行列因子分解を適用し,排出源の種類及びその寄与率を推定した。モデル解析では,地理的分解能を有する多媒体環境動態モデルにより,各媒体中のシロキサン類濃度を予測した。さらに,排出を含めたモデル予測結果の確からしさを確認するために,実測値との比較を行った。 |
Author | 堀井, 勇一 今泉, 圭隆 櫻井, 健郎 西野, 貴裕 大塚, 宜寿 黒田, 啓介 |
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References_xml | – reference: Sakurai, T., Imaizumi, Y., Kuroda, K., Hayashi, T. I. and Suzuki, N. (2019) Georeferenced multimedia environmental fate of volatile methylsiloxanes modeled in the populous Tokyo Bay catchment basin. Science of the Total Environment, 689, 843−853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.462 – reference: Wang, D.-G., Norwood, W., Alaee, M., Byer, J. D. and Brimble, S. (2013) Review of recent ad- vances in research on the toxicity, detection, occurrence and fate of cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes in the environment. Chemosphere, 93, 711−725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126967 – reference: 堀井勇一・蓑毛康太郎・大塚宜寿・茂木守・竹峰秀祐・山下信義(2018)大気中揮発性メチルシロキサン類分析法の開発と環境モニタリングへの適用. 分析化学, 67, 313−322. https://doi.org/10.2116/bunsekikagaku.67.313. – reference: Kierkegaard, A. and McLachlan, M. S. (2013) Determination of linear and cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in air at a regional background site in Sweden. 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Title | 東京湾流域におけるシロキサン類の存在実態及び多媒体挙動に関する研究 |
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