WBGT 28℃以上の輻射環境下における四肢部露出の有無が運動時の温熱ストレスに与える影響
湿球黒球温度（Wet Bulb Globe Temperature, WBGT）28℃以上の輻射環境下において，四肢部露出の有無が運動時の温熱ストレスに与える影響を明らかにすることを目的として 7 名の被験者を対象に実験を実施した．輻射環境はスポットライト 2 基を用いて WBGT 28.3±0.1℃を設定し，着衣は長袖・長ズボン（L 条件）と袖・半ズボン（S 条件）の 2 条件で最大酸素摂取量の 20% と 50% 負荷の自転車漕ぎ運動を 20 分間，5 分間の休息を挟んで 3 回実施した．その結果，20% 時および 50% 時における食道温，平均皮膚温（Tsk），平均体温，衣服内温度・湿度...
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| Published in | 日本生気象学会雑誌 Vol. 51; no. 4; pp. 127 - 139 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
日本生気象学会
2015
Japanese Society of Biometeorology |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0389-1313 1347-7617 |
| DOI | 10.11227/seikisho.51.127 |
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| Abstract | 湿球黒球温度（Wet Bulb Globe Temperature, WBGT）28℃以上の輻射環境下において，四肢部露出の有無が運動時の温熱ストレスに与える影響を明らかにすることを目的として 7 名の被験者を対象に実験を実施した．輻射環境はスポットライト 2 基を用いて WBGT 28.3±0.1℃を設定し，着衣は長袖・長ズボン（L 条件）と袖・半ズボン（S 条件）の 2 条件で最大酸素摂取量の 20% と 50% 負荷の自転車漕ぎ運動を 20 分間，5 分間の休息を挟んで 3 回実施した．その結果，20% 時および 50% 時における食道温，平均皮膚温（Tsk），平均体温，衣服内温度・湿度，総発汗量，および運動後半の温冷感と主観的運動強度は着衣条件による顕著な差異は認められなかった．しかし，L 条件における Tsk の安静時からの上昇度（ΔTsk）や上腕，前腕，下腿の皮膚温は S 条件に比べて両運動時共に有意に低く，さらに 20% 時の心拍数は，L 条件が S 条件よりも有意に低くかった．したがって，WBGT 28℃以上の輻射環境下における中程度運動時の温熱ストレスは四肢部露出の有無による顕著な差異は認められないが，軽運動時には四肢を衣服で覆うことにより皮膚温や心拍数の上昇を抑制し，温熱ストレスを軽減できる可能性が示された． |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | 湿球黒球温度（Wet Bulb Globe Temperature, WBGT）28℃以上の輻射環境下において，四肢部露出の有無が運動時の温熱ストレスに与える影響を明らかにすることを目的として 7 名の被験者を対象に実験を実施した．輻射環境はスポットライト 2 基を用いて WBGT 28.3±0.1℃を設定し，着衣は長袖・長ズボン（L 条件）と袖・半ズボン（S 条件）の 2 条件で最大酸素摂取量の 20% と 50% 負荷の自転車漕ぎ運動を 20 分間，5 分間の休息を挟んで 3 回実施した．その結果，20% 時および 50% 時における食道温，平均皮膚温（Tsk），平均体温，衣服内温度・湿度，総発汗量，および運動後半の温冷感と主観的運動強度は着衣条件による顕著な差異は認められなかった．しかし，L 条件における Tsk の安静時からの上昇度（ΔTsk）や上腕，前腕，下腿の皮膚温は S 条件に比べて両運動時共に有意に低く，さらに 20% 時の心拍数は，L 条件が S 条件よりも有意に低くかった．したがって，WBGT 28℃以上の輻射環境下における中程度運動時の温熱ストレスは四肢部露出の有無による顕著な差異は認められないが，軽運動時には四肢を衣服で覆うことにより皮膚温や心拍数の上昇を抑制し，温熱ストレスを軽減できる可能性が示された． An experiment was carried out with the objective of clarifying the impact on heat stress when covering the extremities with clothing during exercise, at a wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) of greater than 28°C in a radiant environment. Seven male subjects performed three 20 min sessions of cycling exercise at a load intensity of either 20% or 50% of their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in a room maintained at a WBGT of 28.3±0.1°C using two spot lights, while either wearing long sleeves and long pants (“L” conditions) or short sleeves and shorts (“S” conditions). As a result, no significant difference between clothing conditions was noted at 20% or 50% exercise in esophageal temperature, mean skin temperature (Tsk), mean body temperature, temperature and moisture in clothing, total sweat loss, thermal sensation or the rating of perceived exertion during the second half of exercise. However, the level of increase in Tsk (ΔTsk) and the skin temperature of the upper arms, forearms and calfs under L condition were significantly lower than those measured under S conditions at both 20% and 50% exercise, and the heart rate was also significantly lower under L conditions than under S conditions at 20% exercise. Consequently, no significant difference was noted in the heat stress caused by middle-level of exercise at a WBGT of greater than 28°C in a radiant environment between the subjects with their four limbs exposed and those without; however, during light exercise, covering all four limbs with clothing attenuated the increase in skin temperature and heart rate, thus suggesting that this may potentially reduce the heat stress on the body. 湿球黒球温度（Wet Bulb Globe Temperature, WBGT）28℃以上の輻射環境下において，四肢部露出の有無が運動時の温熱ストレスに与える影響を明らかにすることを目的として 7 名の被験者を対象に実験を実施した．輻射環境はスポットライト 2 基を用いて WBGT 28.3±0.1℃を設定し，着衣は長袖・長ズボン（L 条件）と袖なし・半ズボン（S 条件）の 2 条件で最大酸素摂取量の 20% と 50% 負荷の自転車漕ぎ運動を 20 分間，5 分間の休息を挟んで 3 回実施した．その結果，20% 時および 50% 時における食道温，平均皮膚温（Tsk），平均体温，衣服内温度・湿度，総発汗量，および運動後半の温冷感と主観的運動強度は着衣条件による顕著な差異は認められなかった．しかし，L 条件における Tsk の安静時からの上昇度（ΔTsk）や上腕，前腕，下腿の皮膚温は S 条件に比べて両運動時共に有意に低く，さらに 20% 時の心拍数は，L 条件が S 条件よりも有意に低くかった．したがって，WBGT 28℃以上の輻射環境下における中程度運動時の温熱ストレスは四肢部露出の有無による顕著な差異は認められないが，軽運動時には四肢を衣服で覆うことにより皮膚温や心拍数の上昇を抑制し，温熱ストレスを軽減できる可能性が示された． |
| Author | 辻, 道夫 久米, 雅 芳田, 哲也 |
| Author_FL | Kume Masashi Yoshida Tetsuya Tsuji Michio |
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| DocumentTitleAlternate | The impact of heat stress when covering all four limbs with clothing during exercise under conditions of radiant heat at a wet bulb globe temperature of greater than 28°C |
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| References | Rothman, S. (1954): Physiology and biochemistry of the skin. University of Chicago Pres, pp. 741. Adams, W.C., Mack, G.W., Langhans, G.W. and Nadel, E.R. (1992): Effects of varied air velocity on sweating and evaporative rates during exercise. J. Appl. Physiol., 73: 2668–2674. Pascoe, D.D., Shanley, L.A. and Smith, E.W. (1994): Clothing and exercise. Sports Med., 18: 38–54. Clark, J.A. and Cena, K. (1978): Net radiation and heat transfer though clothing: the effects of insulation and color. Ergonomics, 21: 691–696. 中山昭雄（1981）：温熱生理学，理工学社，p. 498 Smith, B.F. and Block, I. (1982): Natural fiber. In: Tauber H (ed.) Textile in perspective. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, pp. 70–156. Hassan, M., Qashqary, K., Hassan, H.A., Shady, E. and Alansary, M. (2012): Influence of sportswear fabric properties on the health and performance of athletes. Fibres Text. Eastem. Eur., 20: 82–88. Kwon, A., Kato, M., Kawamura, H., Yanai, Y. and Tokura, H. (1998): Physiological significant of hydrophilic and hydrophobic textile materials during intermittent exercise in human under the influence of warm ambient temperature with and without wind. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 78: 487–493. 中井誠一，森本武利（1996）：熱中症発生に関する疫学的検討．日生気誌，33: 71–77. Nielsen, B. (1990): Solar heat load: heat balance during exercise in clothed subjects. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 60: 452–456. Yaglou, C.P. and Minard, C.D. (1957): Control of heat casualties at military training. Am. Med. Ass. Archs. Ind. Health, 6: 302–316. 酒井清子，間瀬清美（1991）：温熱生理学の基礎的研究―被服形態の差異による着衣快適性について―．名古屋女子大学紀要，37: 21–29. Gagge, A.P. and Nishi, Y. (1977): Heat exchange between human skin surface and themal environment. In: Lee, D.H.K, Falk, H.L. and Murphy, S.D. (ed.) Handbook of physiology, Reactions to Environmental Agents, Bethesda, MD Am. Physiol. Soc., pp. 69–92. Gavin, T.P., Babington, J.P., Hams, C.A., Ardelt, M.E., Tanner, D.A. and Stager, J.M. (2001): Clothing fabric does not affect thermoregulation during exercise in moderate heat. Med. Sci. Sports Exer., 33: 2124–2130. 中井誠一，新矢博美，芳田哲也，寄本 明，井上芳光，森本武利（2007）：スポーツ活動および日常生活を含めた新しい熱中症予防対策の提案―年齢，着衣および暑熱順化を考慮した予防指針―．体力科学，56: 437–447. 中井誠一，寄本 明，森本武利（1992）：環境温度と運動時熱中症事故発生との関係．体力科学，41: 540–547. Gavin, T.P. (2003): Clothing and themoregulation during exercise. Sports Med., 33: 941–947. Nadel, E.R., Michell, J.W. and Stolwijk, J.A.J. (1973): Differential thermal sensitivity in the human skin. Pfugers Arch., 34: 71–76. 新矢博美，芳田哲也，常岡秀行，中井誠一，伊藤 孝（2004）：スポーツユニフォームの違いが高温環境下運動時の体温調節反応に及ぼす影響．体力科学，53: 347–356. Mitchell, J.W., Nadel, E.R. and Stolwijk, J.A.J. (1972): Respiratory weight loss during exercise. J. Appl. Physiol., 32: 474–476. 中井誠一，寄本 明，岡本直輝，森本武利（1991）：運動時の暑熱障害発生と温熱環境の関係―グラウンドの環境温度の観察から―．臨床スポーツ医学，8: 41–45. Young, A.J., Sawka, M.N., Epstein, Y., Decristofano, B. and Panddolf, K.B. (1987): Cooling different body surfaces during upper and lower body exercise. J. Appl. Physiol., 63: 1218–1223. Dennis, S.C. and Noakes, T.D. (1999): Advantages of a smaller body mass in humans when distance-running in warm, humid conditions. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol., 79: 280–284. Mekjavic, I.B. and Rempel, M.E. (1990): Determination of esophageal probe insertion length based on standing and sitting height. J. Appl. Physiol., 69: 376–379. Hertzman, A.B. (1959): Vasomotor regulation of cutaneous circulation, Physiol. Rev., 39: 280–306. Tsuji, M., Kume, M., Tuneoka, H. and Yoshida, T. (2014): Differences in the heat stress associated with while sportswear and being semi-nude in exercising humans under conditions of radiant heat and wind at a wet bulb globe temperature of greater than 28℃. Int. J. Boimeteorology, 58: 1393–1402. 小野寺孝一，宮下充正（1976）：全身持久性運動における主観的運動強度と客観的強度の対応性：Rating of Perceived Exertion の観点から．体育學研究，21: 191–203. |
| References_xml | – reference: Hertzman, A.B. (1959): Vasomotor regulation of cutaneous circulation, Physiol. Rev., 39: 280–306. – reference: 酒井清子，間瀬清美（1991）：温熱生理学の基礎的研究―被服形態の差異による着衣快適性について―．名古屋女子大学紀要，37: 21–29. – reference: Dennis, S.C. and Noakes, T.D. (1999): Advantages of a smaller body mass in humans when distance-running in warm, humid conditions. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol., 79: 280–284. – reference: Young, A.J., Sawka, M.N., Epstein, Y., Decristofano, B. and Panddolf, K.B. (1987): Cooling different body surfaces during upper and lower body exercise. J. Appl. Physiol., 63: 1218–1223. – reference: Smith, B.F. and Block, I. (1982): Natural fiber. In: Tauber H (ed.) Textile in perspective. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, pp. 70–156. – reference: Hassan, M., Qashqary, K., Hassan, H.A., Shady, E. and Alansary, M. (2012): Influence of sportswear fabric properties on the health and performance of athletes. Fibres Text. Eastem. Eur., 20: 82–88. – reference: Pascoe, D.D., Shanley, L.A. and Smith, E.W. (1994): Clothing and exercise. Sports Med., 18: 38–54. – reference: 中井誠一，新矢博美，芳田哲也，寄本 明，井上芳光，森本武利（2007）：スポーツ活動および日常生活を含めた新しい熱中症予防対策の提案―年齢，着衣および暑熱順化を考慮した予防指針―．体力科学，56: 437–447. – reference: 中井誠一，森本武利（1996）：熱中症発生に関する疫学的検討．日生気誌，33: 71–77. – reference: Mitchell, J.W., Nadel, E.R. and Stolwijk, J.A.J. (1972): Respiratory weight loss during exercise. J. Appl. Physiol., 32: 474–476. – reference: 中井誠一，寄本 明，岡本直輝，森本武利（1991）：運動時の暑熱障害発生と温熱環境の関係―グラウンドの環境温度の観察から―．臨床スポーツ医学，8: 41–45. – reference: Yaglou, C.P. and Minard, C.D. (1957): Control of heat casualties at military training. Am. Med. Ass. Archs. Ind. Health, 6: 302–316. – reference: 中山昭雄（1981）：温熱生理学，理工学社，p. 498． – reference: 新矢博美，芳田哲也，常岡秀行，中井誠一，伊藤 孝（2004）：スポーツユニフォームの違いが高温環境下運動時の体温調節反応に及ぼす影響．体力科学，53: 347–356. – reference: Gavin, T.P. (2003): Clothing and themoregulation during exercise. Sports Med., 33: 941–947. – reference: Kwon, A., Kato, M., Kawamura, H., Yanai, Y. and Tokura, H. (1998): Physiological significant of hydrophilic and hydrophobic textile materials during intermittent exercise in human under the influence of warm ambient temperature with and without wind. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 78: 487–493. – reference: Nielsen, B. (1990): Solar heat load: heat balance during exercise in clothed subjects. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 60: 452–456. – reference: 小野寺孝一，宮下充正（1976）：全身持久性運動における主観的運動強度と客観的強度の対応性：Rating of Perceived Exertion の観点から．体育學研究，21: 191–203. – reference: Nadel, E.R., Michell, J.W. and Stolwijk, J.A.J. (1973): Differential thermal sensitivity in the human skin. Pfugers Arch., 34: 71–76. – reference: Gagge, A.P. and Nishi, Y. (1977): Heat exchange between human skin surface and themal environment. In: Lee, D.H.K, Falk, H.L. and Murphy, S.D. (ed.) Handbook of physiology, Reactions to Environmental Agents, Bethesda, MD Am. Physiol. Soc., pp. 69–92. – reference: 中井誠一，寄本 明，森本武利（1992）：環境温度と運動時熱中症事故発生との関係．体力科学，41: 540–547. – reference: Tsuji, M., Kume, M., Tuneoka, H. and Yoshida, T. (2014): Differences in the heat stress associated with while sportswear and being semi-nude in exercising humans under conditions of radiant heat and wind at a wet bulb globe temperature of greater than 28℃. Int. J. Boimeteorology, 58: 1393–1402. – reference: Rothman, S. (1954): Physiology and biochemistry of the skin. University of Chicago Pres, pp. 741. – reference: Adams, W.C., Mack, G.W., Langhans, G.W. and Nadel, E.R. (1992): Effects of varied air velocity on sweating and evaporative rates during exercise. J. Appl. Physiol., 73: 2668–2674. – reference: Mekjavic, I.B. and Rempel, M.E. (1990): Determination of esophageal probe insertion length based on standing and sitting height. J. Appl. Physiol., 69: 376–379. – reference: Gavin, T.P., Babington, J.P., Hams, C.A., Ardelt, M.E., Tanner, D.A. and Stager, J.M. (2001): Clothing fabric does not affect thermoregulation during exercise in moderate heat. Med. Sci. Sports Exer., 33: 2124–2130. – reference: Clark, J.A. and Cena, K. (1978): Net radiation and heat transfer though clothing: the effects of insulation and color. Ergonomics, 21: 691–696. |
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| Snippet | 湿球黒球温度（Wet Bulb Globe Temperature, WBGT）28℃以上の輻射環境下において，四肢部露出の有無が運動時の温熱ストレスに与える影響を明らかにすることを目的として 7 名の被験者を対象に実験を実施した．輻射環境はスポットライト 2 基を用いて WBGT... An experiment was carried out with the objective of clarifying the impact on heat stress when covering the extremities with clothing during exercise, at a wet... |
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| SubjectTerms | heart rate heat disorders light exercise mean skin temperature 平均皮膚温 心拍数 熱中症 衣服 軽運動 |
| Title | WBGT 28℃以上の輻射環境下における四肢部露出の有無が運動時の温熱ストレスに与える影響 |
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| ispartofPNX | 日本生気象学会雑誌, 2015/01/10, Vol.51(4), pp.127-139 |
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