唾液腺の自律神経支配 ―歴史的展望
Ludwig（1850）は副交感神経が唾液分泌を惹起することを発見した．Bernard（1858）が唾液腺の副交感神経性血管拡張線維を発見したが，Heidenhain（1872）は分泌線維と血管拡張線維は別の線維であると証明した．Heidenhain（1878），Langley（1878）が補助的な交感神経性唾液分泌線維を発見した．Eckhard（1869）が導管収縮線維（交感神経）を証明した．一方，Bernard（1862）らが記述した副交感神経切断後に生じる逆説的な唾液分泌（麻痺性分泌）については，Emmelinら（1950）が脱神経過敏で生じること，唾液腺の脱神経過敏は adrenali...
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| Published in | 自律神経 Vol. 56; no. 3; pp. 155 - 161 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
日本自律神経学会
2019
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0288-9250 2434-7035 |
| DOI | 10.32272/ans.56.3_155 |
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| Abstract | Ludwig（1850）は副交感神経が唾液分泌を惹起することを発見した．Bernard（1858）が唾液腺の副交感神経性血管拡張線維を発見したが，Heidenhain（1872）は分泌線維と血管拡張線維は別の線維であると証明した．Heidenhain（1878），Langley（1878）が補助的な交感神経性唾液分泌線維を発見した．Eckhard（1869）が導管収縮線維（交感神経）を証明した．一方，Bernard（1862）らが記述した副交感神経切断後に生じる逆説的な唾液分泌（麻痺性分泌）については，Emmelinら（1950）が脱神経過敏で生じること，唾液腺の脱神経過敏は adrenaline・pilocarpineの双方に対して非特異的に生じることを解明した．唾液腺の複雑な自律神経支配を考慮すれば，同じく腺組織である汗腺の自律神経支配は過度に単純化されていると思われる． |
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| AbstractList | Ludwig（1850）は副交感神経が唾液分泌を惹起することを発見した．Bernard（1858）が唾液腺の副交感神経性血管拡張線維を発見したが，Heidenhain（1872）は分泌線維と血管拡張線維は別の線維であると証明した．Heidenhain（1878），Langley（1878）が補助的な交感神経性唾液分泌線維を発見した．Eckhard（1869）が導管収縮線維（交感神経）を証明した．一方，Bernard（1862）らが記述した副交感神経切断後に生じる逆説的な唾液分泌（麻痺性分泌）については，Emmelinら（1950）が脱神経過敏で生じること，唾液腺の脱神経過敏は adrenaline・pilocarpineの双方に対して非特異的に生じることを解明した．唾液腺の複雑な自律神経支配を考慮すれば，同じく腺組織である汗腺の自律神経支配は過度に単純化されていると思われる． |
| Author | 田村, 直俊 中里, 良彦 |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 中里, 良彦 organization: 埼玉医科大学脳神経内科 – sequence: 1 fullname: 田村, 直俊 organization: 埼玉医科大学短期大学 |
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| References | 16) Emmelin N. Is there a leakage of acetylcholine from postganglionic parasympathetic endings? Nature 1960; 185: 297-298. 34) 和泉博之．味覚性発汗と顔面口腔領域の自律神経支配．北海道医療大歯学誌 2010; 29: 33-62. 4) Bernard C. Du rôle des actions réflexes paralysantes dans les phénomenès des secretions. J Anat (Paris) 1864; 1: 507-513. 9) Czermak JN. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Beihilfe der Nerven zur Speichelsekretion. Sbr K Akad Wiss Wien 1857; 25: 3-18. 35) Langley JN. The action of pilocarpine on the sub-maxillary gland of the dog. J Anat Physiol 1876; 11: 173-180. 40) Mathews A. The physiology of secretion. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1898; 11: 293-368. 28) Garrett JR. In memoriam, Nils Emmelin 1914-1997. Eur J Morphol 1998; 36 (Suppl): 5-14. 31) Heidenhain R. Ueber secretorische Drüsennerven. Pflügers Archiv 1878; 17: 1-67. 6) Bloom SR, Edwards AV, Garrett JR. Effects of stimulating the sympathetic innervation in bursts on submandibular vascular and secretary function in cats. J Physiol (Lond) 1987; 393: 91-106. 36) Langley JN. On the physiology of the salivary secretion. Part I. The influence of the chorda tympani and sympathetic nerves upon the secretion of the sub-maxillary gland of the cat. J Physiol (Lond) 1878; 1: 96-103. 44) Simeone FA, Maes JP. Sensitization of the submaxillary gland by sympathetic denervation. Am J Physiol 1939; 125: 674-679. 13) Emmelin N, Strömblad BCR. The effect of anticholinesterases on the parotid gland after parasympathetic decentralization or denervation. Br J Pharmacol 1958; 13: 193-196. 26) Emmelin N. Salivkörtlarna i fysiologins historia. Sydsvenska Medicinhistoriska Sallskapets Årsskrift 1993; 20: 115-132. 29) Heidenhain R. Die ohne nachweisbare Erregung der Nerven stattfindende Absonderung der Gld. Submaxillaris. Leipzig Stud Physiol Inst Breslau 1868: 73-83. 43) Sato K, Sato F. Pharmacologic responsiveness of isolated single eccrine sweat glands. Am J Physiol, 1981; 240: R44-R51. 19) Emmelin N. Nervous control of salivary glands. In: Handbook of physiology, Alimentary canal, Vol II. Secretion. Code CF, edi. Am Physiol Soc: Washington: 1967. p. 595-632. 32) Holzlöhner E. Die Drüsentatigkeit bei Nervenreizung. I. Mitteilung: Sekretionstachogramme der Grandula submaxillaris bei Reizung der Chorda tympani. Z Biol 1931; 91: 531-551. 24) Emmelin N. Nervous control of mammalian salivary glands. Phil Trans R Soc Lond B 1981; 296: 27-35. 17) Emmelin N. Sensitization of the submaxillary and parotid glands by removal of part of the afferent inflow to the salivary nuclei. J Physiol (Lond) 1961; 157: 402-409. 49) 田村直俊．呉 建（1882-1949）と脊髄副交感神経―Gaskell-Langley学説に対する反対命題―．自律神経 2016; 53: 35-40. 33) Izumi H, Karita K. The vasodilator and secretary effects elicited by sympathetic nerve stimulation in cat submandibular gland. J Auton Nerv Syst 1994; 48: 143-151. 2) Bernard C. De l’influence de deux ordres de nerfs qui determinent les variations decouleur du sang veineux dans les organs glandulaires. C R Acad Sci 1858; 47: 245-253. 48) 田村直俊．発汗学の歴史．発汗学 2015; 22: 69-72. 14) Emmelin N, Engström J. On the existence of specific secretary sympathetic fibres for the cat’s submaxillary gland. J Physiol (Lond) 1960; 153: 1-8. 39) Ludwig C. Neue Versuch über die Beihilfe der Nerven zu der Speichelsekretion. Mittheilungen Naturforsch Gesellshaft (Zürich) 1850; 53-54: 210-239. 50) Ungar G, Parrot J-L. Sur la présence de la callicréine dans la salive, et la possibilité de son intervention dans la transmission chimique de l’influx nerveux. C R Soc Biol 1936; 122: 1052-1055. 27) Garrett JR. The proper role of nerves in salivary secretion: a review. J Dent Res 1987; 66: 387-397. 12) Emmelin N. ‘Paralytic secretion’ of saliva. An example of supersensitivity after denervation. Physiol Rev 1952; 32: 21-40. 8) Carlson AJ. Vaso-dilator fibres to the submaxillary gland in the cervical sympathetic of the cat. Am J Physiol 1907; 19: 408-416. 18) Emmelin N. Action of transmitters on the responsiveness of effector cells. Experimentia 1965; 21: 57-65. 37) Langley JN. On the physiology of the salivary secretion. Part III. The ‘paralytic’ secretion of saliva. J Physiol (Lond) 1885; 6: 71-92. 45) Simpson JA, MacPherson AIS. Vasodilation in the human parotid gland after post-ganglionic sympathetic denervation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1963; 26: 74-80. 47) 田村直俊．発汗生理学の祖 Balthasar Luchsinger (1849-86)．自律神経 2015; 52: 246-252. 21) Emmelin N, Ohlin P, Thulin A. The pharmacology of salivary myoepithelial cells in dogs. Br J Pharmacol 1969; 37: 330-679. 20) Emmelin N, Garrett JR, Ohlin P. Neural control of salivary myoepithelial cells. J Physiol (Lond) 1968; 196: 381-396. 22) Emmelin N, Trendelenburg U. Degeneration activity after parasympathetic or sympathetic denervation. Ergebnisse der Physiologie, biologischen Chemie und experimentellen Pharmakologie 1972; 66: 147-211. 1) Barcroft J. The respiratory function of the blood. Cambridge Univ Press: London: 1914.（文献19）45）より引用 5) Bhoola KD, Morley J, Schachter M, et al. Vasodilation in the submaxillary gland of the cat. J Physiol (Lond) 1965; 179: 172-184. 10) Eckhard C. Der Sympathicus in seiner Stellung zur Secretion in der Parotis des Schafes. Eckhards Beiträge Anat Physiol 1869; 4: 62-68.（文献25）26）より引用 15) Emmelin N, Engström J. Effect of sympathetic denervation on the sensitivity of the submaxillary gland to stimulating agents. J Physiol (Lond) 1960; 153: 9-16. 7) Burn JH. On vaso-dilator fibres in the sympathetic, and on the effect of circulating adrenaline in augmenting the vascular response to sympathetic stimulation. Physiol (Lond) 1932; 75: 144-160. 11) Emmelin N, Muren A. “Paralytic” secretion of saliva. Acta Physiol Scand 1950; 21: 362-379. 30) Heidenhain R. Ueber die Wirkung einiger Gifte auf die Nerven der Grandula submaxillaris. Pflügers Archiv 1878; 17: 1-67. 46) 田村直俊，島津邦男．Eppinger，Hessの学説と脱神経過敏―カテコールアミン負荷試験の研究史―．自律神経 2002; 39: 240-248. 41) Matsuo R, Garrett JR, Proctor GB, et al. Reflex secretion of proteins into submandibular saliva in conscious rats, before and after preganglionic sympathectomy. J Phyiol (Lond) 2000; 527: 175-184. 23) Emmelin N, Grampp W, Thesleff P. Sympathetically evoked secretory potentials in the parotid gland of the cat. J Physiol (Lond) 1980; 302: 183-195. 32) Proctor GB, Carpenter GH. Regulation of salivary gland function by autonomic nerves. Auton Neurosci 2007; 133: 3-18. 3) Bernard C. Recherches expérimentales sur les ganglions du grand sympathique. C R Acad Sci 1862; 55: 341-350. 25) Emmelin N. Nerve interaction in salivary glands. J Dent Res 1987; 66: 509-517. 38) Langley JN. On the physiology of the salivary secretion. Part V. The effect of stimulating the cerebral secretory nerves upon the amount of saliva obtained by stimulating the sympathetic nerve. J Physiol (Lond) 1889; 10: 291-328. |
| References_xml | – reference: 31) Heidenhain R. Ueber secretorische Drüsennerven. Pflügers Archiv 1878; 17: 1-67. – reference: 39) Ludwig C. Neue Versuch über die Beihilfe der Nerven zu der Speichelsekretion. Mittheilungen Naturforsch Gesellshaft (Zürich) 1850; 53-54: 210-239. – reference: 23) Emmelin N, Grampp W, Thesleff P. Sympathetically evoked secretory potentials in the parotid gland of the cat. J Physiol (Lond) 1980; 302: 183-195. – reference: 30) Heidenhain R. Ueber die Wirkung einiger Gifte auf die Nerven der Grandula submaxillaris. Pflügers Archiv 1878; 17: 1-67. – reference: 11) Emmelin N, Muren A. “Paralytic” secretion of saliva. Acta Physiol Scand 1950; 21: 362-379. – reference: 35) Langley JN. The action of pilocarpine on the sub-maxillary gland of the dog. J Anat Physiol 1876; 11: 173-180. – reference: 44) Simeone FA, Maes JP. Sensitization of the submaxillary gland by sympathetic denervation. Am J Physiol 1939; 125: 674-679. – reference: 19) Emmelin N. Nervous control of salivary glands. In: Handbook of physiology, Alimentary canal, Vol II. Secretion. Code CF, edi. Am Physiol Soc: Washington: 1967. p. 595-632. – reference: 20) Emmelin N, Garrett JR, Ohlin P. Neural control of salivary myoepithelial cells. J Physiol (Lond) 1968; 196: 381-396. – reference: 17) Emmelin N. Sensitization of the submaxillary and parotid glands by removal of part of the afferent inflow to the salivary nuclei. J Physiol (Lond) 1961; 157: 402-409. – reference: 22) Emmelin N, Trendelenburg U. Degeneration activity after parasympathetic or sympathetic denervation. Ergebnisse der Physiologie, biologischen Chemie und experimentellen Pharmakologie 1972; 66: 147-211. – reference: 12) Emmelin N. ‘Paralytic secretion’ of saliva. An example of supersensitivity after denervation. Physiol Rev 1952; 32: 21-40. – reference: 13) Emmelin N, Strömblad BCR. The effect of anticholinesterases on the parotid gland after parasympathetic decentralization or denervation. Br J Pharmacol 1958; 13: 193-196. – reference: 33) Izumi H, Karita K. The vasodilator and secretary effects elicited by sympathetic nerve stimulation in cat submandibular gland. J Auton Nerv Syst 1994; 48: 143-151. – reference: 34) 和泉博之．味覚性発汗と顔面口腔領域の自律神経支配．北海道医療大歯学誌 2010; 29: 33-62. – reference: 29) Heidenhain R. Die ohne nachweisbare Erregung der Nerven stattfindende Absonderung der Gld. Submaxillaris. Leipzig Stud Physiol Inst Breslau 1868: 73-83. – reference: 25) Emmelin N. Nerve interaction in salivary glands. J Dent Res 1987; 66: 509-517. – reference: 46) 田村直俊，島津邦男．Eppinger，Hessの学説と脱神経過敏―カテコールアミン負荷試験の研究史―．自律神経 2002; 39: 240-248. – reference: 6) Bloom SR, Edwards AV, Garrett JR. Effects of stimulating the sympathetic innervation in bursts on submandibular vascular and secretary function in cats. J Physiol (Lond) 1987; 393: 91-106. – reference: 50) Ungar G, Parrot J-L. Sur la présence de la callicréine dans la salive, et la possibilité de son intervention dans la transmission chimique de l’influx nerveux. C R Soc Biol 1936; 122: 1052-1055. – reference: 47) 田村直俊．発汗生理学の祖 Balthasar Luchsinger (1849-86)．自律神経 2015; 52: 246-252. – reference: 36) Langley JN. On the physiology of the salivary secretion. Part I. The influence of the chorda tympani and sympathetic nerves upon the secretion of the sub-maxillary gland of the cat. J Physiol (Lond) 1878; 1: 96-103. – reference: 15) Emmelin N, Engström J. Effect of sympathetic denervation on the sensitivity of the submaxillary gland to stimulating agents. J Physiol (Lond) 1960; 153: 9-16. – reference: 21) Emmelin N, Ohlin P, Thulin A. The pharmacology of salivary myoepithelial cells in dogs. Br J Pharmacol 1969; 37: 330-679. – reference: 41) Matsuo R, Garrett JR, Proctor GB, et al. Reflex secretion of proteins into submandibular saliva in conscious rats, before and after preganglionic sympathectomy. J Phyiol (Lond) 2000; 527: 175-184. – reference: 32) Proctor GB, Carpenter GH. Regulation of salivary gland function by autonomic nerves. Auton Neurosci 2007; 133: 3-18. – reference: 24) Emmelin N. Nervous control of mammalian salivary glands. Phil Trans R Soc Lond B 1981; 296: 27-35. – reference: 45) Simpson JA, MacPherson AIS. Vasodilation in the human parotid gland after post-ganglionic sympathetic denervation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1963; 26: 74-80. – reference: 32) Holzlöhner E. Die Drüsentatigkeit bei Nervenreizung. I. Mitteilung: Sekretionstachogramme der Grandula submaxillaris bei Reizung der Chorda tympani. Z Biol 1931; 91: 531-551. – reference: 1) Barcroft J. The respiratory function of the blood. Cambridge Univ Press: London: 1914.（文献19）45）より引用） – reference: 10) Eckhard C. Der Sympathicus in seiner Stellung zur Secretion in der Parotis des Schafes. Eckhards Beiträge Anat Physiol 1869; 4: 62-68.（文献25）26）より引用） – reference: 26) Emmelin N. Salivkörtlarna i fysiologins historia. Sydsvenska Medicinhistoriska Sallskapets Årsskrift 1993; 20: 115-132. – reference: 14) Emmelin N, Engström J. On the existence of specific secretary sympathetic fibres for the cat’s submaxillary gland. J Physiol (Lond) 1960; 153: 1-8. – reference: 27) Garrett JR. The proper role of nerves in salivary secretion: a review. J Dent Res 1987; 66: 387-397. – reference: 40) Mathews A. The physiology of secretion. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1898; 11: 293-368. – reference: 7) Burn JH. On vaso-dilator fibres in the sympathetic, and on the effect of circulating adrenaline in augmenting the vascular response to sympathetic stimulation. Physiol (Lond) 1932; 75: 144-160. – reference: 9) Czermak JN. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Beihilfe der Nerven zur Speichelsekretion. Sbr K Akad Wiss Wien 1857; 25: 3-18. – reference: 16) Emmelin N. Is there a leakage of acetylcholine from postganglionic parasympathetic endings? Nature 1960; 185: 297-298. – reference: 2) Bernard C. De l’influence de deux ordres de nerfs qui determinent les variations decouleur du sang veineux dans les organs glandulaires. C R Acad Sci 1858; 47: 245-253. – reference: 8) Carlson AJ. Vaso-dilator fibres to the submaxillary gland in the cervical sympathetic of the cat. Am J Physiol 1907; 19: 408-416. – reference: 48) 田村直俊．発汗学の歴史．発汗学 2015; 22: 69-72. – reference: 49) 田村直俊．呉 建（1882-1949）と脊髄副交感神経―Gaskell-Langley学説に対する反対命題―．自律神経 2016; 53: 35-40. – reference: 4) Bernard C. Du rôle des actions réflexes paralysantes dans les phénomenès des secretions. J Anat (Paris) 1864; 1: 507-513. – reference: 43) Sato K, Sato F. Pharmacologic responsiveness of isolated single eccrine sweat glands. Am J Physiol, 1981; 240: R44-R51. – reference: 3) Bernard C. Recherches expérimentales sur les ganglions du grand sympathique. C R Acad Sci 1862; 55: 341-350. – reference: 38) Langley JN. On the physiology of the salivary secretion. Part V. The effect of stimulating the cerebral secretory nerves upon the amount of saliva obtained by stimulating the sympathetic nerve. J Physiol (Lond) 1889; 10: 291-328. – reference: 37) Langley JN. On the physiology of the salivary secretion. Part III. The ‘paralytic’ secretion of saliva. J Physiol (Lond) 1885; 6: 71-92. – reference: 5) Bhoola KD, Morley J, Schachter M, et al. Vasodilation in the submaxillary gland of the cat. J Physiol (Lond) 1965; 179: 172-184. – reference: 18) Emmelin N. Action of transmitters on the responsiveness of effector cells. Experimentia 1965; 21: 57-65. – reference: 28) Garrett JR. In memoriam, Nils Emmelin 1914-1997. Eur J Morphol 1998; 36 (Suppl): 5-14. |
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| Title | 唾液腺の自律神経支配 ―歴史的展望 |
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