RNA ウイルス感染の免疫生物応答 ―HCVを中心にー
一般にウイルス感染は宿主免疫を回避して成立するが、回避機構はウイルスごとに差異がある。RNAウイルスはゲノムも複製産物もパターン分子（PAMP） として宿主のエフェクター（1型インターフェロン（IFN）、サイトカイン、NK細胞活性化、Th1 シフト、細胞障害性Tリンパ球（CTL）の増殖など）を誘導する例が多い。このことはRNA認識の自然免疫が細胞性免疫の起動原になることを示唆する。実際、この過程を阻害する因子が多くのウイルスで発見されている。また、この過程は明らかに樹状細胞の成熟化を介しており、ウイルスRNAは例外を除いて免疫細胞の機能を損なわずに感染免疫を成立させる。樹状細胞はウイルスに障碍...
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| Published in | ウイルス Vol. 63; no. 2; pp. 135 - 142 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
日本ウイルス学会
2013
|
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0042-6857 1884-3433 |
| DOI | 10.2222/jsv.63.135 |
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| Abstract | 一般にウイルス感染は宿主免疫を回避して成立するが、回避機構はウイルスごとに差異がある。RNAウイルスはゲノムも複製産物もパターン分子（PAMP） として宿主のエフェクター（1型インターフェロン（IFN）、サイトカイン、NK細胞活性化、Th1 シフト、細胞障害性Tリンパ球（CTL）の増殖など）を誘導する例が多い。このことはRNA認識の自然免疫が細胞性免疫の起動原になることを示唆する。実際、この過程を阻害する因子が多くのウイルスで発見されている。また、この過程は明らかに樹状細胞の成熟化を介しており、ウイルスRNAは例外を除いて免疫細胞の機能を損なわずに感染免疫を成立させる。樹状細胞はウイルスに障碍されずにRNAセンサーによる非自己RNAの検知とエフェクター誘導を行う必要がある。即ち感染細胞内で起きるRNA認識（内因性識別系）と非感染樹状細胞で起きるRNA認識（外因性識別系）は異なる目的に収束する。本総説ではHCVを例にとり、この２つの系に関わる最近の知見を解説し、新規分子の機能に言及する。 |
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| AbstractList | 一般にウイルス感染は宿主免疫を回避して成立するが、回避機構はウイルスごとに差異がある。RNAウイルスはゲノムも複製産物もパターン分子（PAMP） として宿主のエフェクター（1型インターフェロン（IFN）、サイトカイン、NK細胞活性化、Th1 シフト、細胞障害性Tリンパ球（CTL）の増殖など）を誘導する例が多い。このことはRNA認識の自然免疫が細胞性免疫の起動原になることを示唆する。実際、この過程を阻害する因子が多くのウイルスで発見されている。また、この過程は明らかに樹状細胞の成熟化を介しており、ウイルスRNAは例外を除いて免疫細胞の機能を損なわずに感染免疫を成立させる。樹状細胞はウイルスに障碍されずにRNAセンサーによる非自己RNAの検知とエフェクター誘導を行う必要がある。即ち感染細胞内で起きるRNA認識（内因性識別系）と非感染樹状細胞で起きるRNA認識（外因性識別系）は異なる目的に収束する。本総説ではHCVを例にとり、この２つの系に関わる最近の知見を解説し、新規分子の機能に言及する。 |
| Author | 松本, 美佐子 押海, 裕之 瀬谷, 司 |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 瀬谷, 司 organization: 北海道大学大学院医学研究科 免疫学分野 – sequence: 1 fullname: 松本, 美佐子 organization: 北海道大学大学院医学研究科 免疫学分野 – sequence: 1 fullname: 押海, 裕之 organization: 北海道大学大学院医学研究科 免疫学分野 |
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| Copyright | 2013 日本ウイルス学会 |
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| Snippet | 一般にウイルス感染は宿主免疫を回避して成立するが、回避機構はウイルスごとに差異がある。RNAウイルスはゲノムも複製産物もパターン分子（PAMP） として宿主のエフェクター（1型インターフェロン（IFN）、サイトカイン、NK細胞活性化、Th1... |
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| Title | RNA ウイルス感染の免疫生物応答 ―HCVを中心にー |
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