音韻素性に基づく音象徴 赤ちゃん用のオムツの名付けにおける唇音
現在，日本で市販されている赤ちゃん用オムツには，唇音 [p, m] を含む名前が多い（例：「メリーズ（/meriizu/）」，「ムーニー（/muunii/）」，「パンパース（/panpaasu/）」，「マミーポコ（/mamiipoko/）」）。この観察は，唇音が喃語に多く現れる子音であるという事実と関連がある可能性もあり興味深い。本研究では，日本の赤ちゃん用オムツの名付けを題材として，音象徴の抽象性と生産性について，2つの実験を通して探求する。実験1では，無意味語を用いた強制選択実験により，日本語における5つの唇音 [p, b, m, ɸ, w] が赤ちゃん用オムツの名前として選ばれやすいこと...
Saved in:
| Published in | 言語研究 Vol. 157; pp. 149 - 161 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
日本言語学会
2020
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0024-3914 2185-6710 |
| DOI | 10.11435/gengo.157.0_149 |
Cover
| Abstract | 現在，日本で市販されている赤ちゃん用オムツには，唇音 [p, m] を含む名前が多い（例：「メリーズ（/meriizu/）」，「ムーニー（/muunii/）」，「パンパース（/panpaasu/）」，「マミーポコ（/mamiipoko/）」）。この観察は，唇音が喃語に多く現れる子音であるという事実と関連がある可能性もあり興味深い。本研究では，日本の赤ちゃん用オムツの名付けを題材として，音象徴の抽象性と生産性について，2つの実験を通して探求する。実験1では，無意味語を用いた強制選択実験により，日本語における5つの唇音 [p, b, m, ɸ, w] が赤ちゃん用オムツの名前として選ばれやすいことを示す。実験2では，赤ちゃん用オムツと大人用化粧品の自由名付け課題を行った結果，5つの唇音が大人用化粧品の名前よりも赤ちゃん用オムツの名前に多く現れることを示す。これらの結果から，当該の音象徴的つながりが [p] や [m] のような分節音単位ではなく，より抽象的な唇性 [labial] というレベルで成り立っていること，そして，生産性を持っていることが示唆される。このような抽象性や生産性は，他の音韻現象でも観察されることであり，音象徴パタンが他の音韻パタンと共通性を持っていると結論づけられる。 |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | 現在，日本で市販されている赤ちゃん用オムツには，唇音 [p, m] を含む名前が多い（例：「メリーズ（/meriizu/）」，「ムーニー（/muunii/）」，「パンパース（/panpaasu/）」，「マミーポコ（/mamiipoko/）」）。この観察は，唇音が喃語に多く現れる子音であるという事実と関連がある可能性もあり興味深い。本研究では，日本の赤ちゃん用オムツの名付けを題材として，音象徴の抽象性と生産性について，2つの実験を通して探求する。実験1では，無意味語を用いた強制選択実験により，日本語における5つの唇音 [p, b, m, ɸ, w] が赤ちゃん用オムツの名前として選ばれやすいことを示す。実験2では，赤ちゃん用オムツと大人用化粧品の自由名付け課題を行った結果，5つの唇音が大人用化粧品の名前よりも赤ちゃん用オムツの名前に多く現れることを示す。これらの結果から，当該の音象徴的つながりが [p] や [m] のような分節音単位ではなく，より抽象的な唇性 [labial] というレベルで成り立っていること，そして，生産性を持っていることが示唆される。このような抽象性や生産性は，他の音韻現象でも観察されることであり，音象徴パタンが他の音韻パタンと共通性を持っていると結論づけられる。 |
| Author | 熊谷, 学而 川原, 繁人 |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 熊谷, 学而 organization: 明海大学 – sequence: 1 fullname: 川原, 繁人 organization: 慶應義塾大学言語文化研究所 |
| BookMark | eNo9j81Kw0AcxBepYKy9e_UBEv___crmWIpfUPCi52Wz2caEmkrSizfzBD5C9CA9eBJ7UvBlQtW-haGKlxmYGQZ-u6RXzApHyD5CgMiZOExdkc4CFGEAGnm0RTyKSvgyROgRD4Byn0XId8igqrIYKIIUQiiPHKyb13Xz_rV8-LxbtPXzqnlr66e2vu_y75fH1cdyj2xPzLRygz_vk8vjo4vRqT8-PzkbDcd-jpwy3zqrQmedAsYlKIgdUIMYSisQnYNYRoxHnIIyiiWSWtmNxQSNTSRPKGN9Mvz9zau5SZ2-KbNrU95qU84zO3V6g6g7RA0b7TD_O3tlSp0b9gMPm1oD |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 日本言語学会, 著者 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 日本言語学会, 著者 |
| DOI | 10.11435/gengo.157.0_149 |
| DatabaseTitleList | |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Languages & Literatures |
| EISSN | 2185-6710 |
| EndPage | 161 |
| ExternalDocumentID | article_gengo_157_0_157_149_article_char_ja |
| GroupedDBID | 2WC ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS JSF OK1 RJT |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-j1423-cec87ece80346080be02a1176c511ee0b693494208a83d62c6ece5f1acd64d233 |
| ISSN | 0024-3914 |
| IngestDate | Wed Sep 03 06:00:14 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Language | Japanese |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-j1423-cec87ece80346080be02a1176c511ee0b693494208a83d62c6ece5f1acd64d233 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/gengo/157/0/157_149/_article/-char/ja |
| PageCount | 13 |
| ParticipantIDs | jstage_primary_article_gengo_157_0_157_149_article_char_ja |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2020 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2020-01-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – year: 2020 text: 2020 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationTitle | 言語研究 |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | 言語研究 |
| PublicationYear | 2020 |
| Publisher | 日本言語学会 |
| Publisher_xml | – name: 日本言語学会 |
| References | Smith, Jennifer L. (2002) Phonological augmentation in prominent positions. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Kawahara, Shigeto (2016) Psycholinguistic studies on rendaku. In: Timothy J. Vance and Mark Irwin (eds.) (2016), 35–46. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Newman, Stanley S. (1933) Further experiments on phonetic symbolism. American Journal of Psychology 45: 53–75. Shih, Stephanie S., Jordan Ackeman, Noah Hermalin, Sharon Inkelas, and Darya Kavitskaya (2018) Pokémonikers: A study of sound symbolism and Pokémon names. Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 3(42): 1–6. Saussure, Ferdinand (1916) Cours de linguistique générale. Paris: Payot. Sidhu, David D. and Penny M. Pexman (2018) Five mechanisms of sound symbolic association. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 25(5): 1619–1643. Vance, Timothy J. (2015) Rendaku. In: Haruo Kubozono (ed.) (2015), 397–441. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Vance, Timothy J. (1987) An introduction to Japanese phonology. New York: SUNY Press. Berlin, Brent (2006) The first congress of ethonozoological nomenclature. Journal of Royal Anthropological Institution 12: 23–44. Bolts, Marilyn G., Grace M. Mangigian, and Molly B. Allen (2016) Phonetic symbolism and memory for advertisements. Applied Cognitive Psychology 30(6): 1088–1092. Baayen, R. H. (2008) Analyzing linguistic data: A practical introduction to statistics using R. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 熊谷学而・川原繁人（2019）「ポケモンの名付けにおける母音と有声阻害音の効果：実験と理論からのアプローチ」『言語研究』155: 65–99. Yorkston, Eric and Geeta Menon (2004) A sound idea: phonetic effects of brand names on consumer judgement. Journal of Consumer Research 31: 43–51. Kawahara, Shigeto, Atsushi Noto, and Gakuji Kumagai (2018) Sound symbolic patterns in Pokémon names. Phonetica 75(3): 219–244. Hamano, Shoko (1986) The sound-symbolic system of Japanese. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Florida. Kumagai, Gakuji (2019) A sound-symbolic alternation to express cuteness and the orthographic Lyman’s Law in Japanese. Journal of Japanese Linguistics 35(1): 39–74. Pogacar, Ruth, Emily Plant, Laura Felton Rosulek, and Michal Kouril (2015) Sounds good: Phonetic sound patterns in top brand names. Marketing Letters 26: 549–563. Halle, Morris (1978) Knowledge unlearned and untaught: What speakers know about the sounds of their language. In: Morris Halle, Joan Bresnan, and George A. Miller (eds.) Linguistic theory and psychological reality, 294–303. Cambridge: MIT Press. D’Onofrio, Annette (2014) Phonetic detail and dimensionality in sound-shape correspondences: Refining the Bouba-Kiki paradigm. Language and Speech 57(3): 367–393. Kumagai, Gakuji (2017) Testing the OCP-labial effect on Japanese rendaku. Ms. Downloadable at http://ling.auf.net/lingbuzz/003290. Okada, Hideo (1999) Japanese. The handbook of International Phonetic Association, 117–119. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Blasi, Damián E., Søren Wichmann, Harald Hammarström, Peter F. Stadler, and Morten H. Christianson (2016) Sound-meaning association biases evidenced across thousands of languages. PNAS 113(39): 10818-10823. Albright, Adam (2009) Feature-based generalisation as a source of gradient acceptability. Phonology 26: 9–41. Finley, Sara and William Badecker (2009) Artificial language learning and feature-based generalization. Journal of Memory and Language 61: 423–437. MacNeilage, Peter, F., Barbara L. Davis, and Christine L. Matyear (1997) Babbling and first words: Phonetic similarities and differences. Speech Communication 22: 269–277. Kawahara, Shigeto and Gakuji Kumagai (2019) Expressing evolution in Pokémon names: Experimental explorations. Journal of Japanese Linguistics 35(1): 3–38. Peterson, Robert A. and Ivan Ross (1972) How to name new brands. Journal of Advertising Research 12: 29–34. Dingemanse, Mark, Damián E. Blasi, Gary Lupyan, Morten H. Christianson, and Padraic Monaghan (2015) Arbitrariness, iconicity and systematicity in language. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 19(10): 603–615. Shinohara, Kazuko and Shigeto Kawahara (2016) A cross-linguistic study of sound symbolism: The images of size. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 396–410. Berkeley: Berkeley Linguistics Society. Mielke, Jeff (2008) The emergence of distinctive features. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Lockwood, Gwilim and Mark Dingemanse (2015) Iconicity in the lab: a review of behavioral, developmental, and neuroimaging research into sound-symbolism. Frontiers in Psychology 6: 1–14. Labrune, Lawrence (2012) The phonology of Japanese. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ota, Mitsuhiko (2015) L1 phonology: Phonological development. In: Haruo Kubozono (ed.) (2015), 681–717. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Jurafsky, Dan (2014) The language of food: A linguist reads a menu. New York and London: W. W. Norton and Company. Jespersen, Otto (1922) Symbolic value of the vowel i. In: Otto Jespersen (ed.) Linguistica: Selected papers in English, French and German, 283–303. Copenhagen: Levin and Munksgaard. 川原繁人（2017）『「あ」は「い」よりも大きい！？：音象徴で学ぶ音声学入門』東京：ひつじ書房 Shih, Stephanie S., Jordan Ackerman, Noah Hermalin, Sharon Inkelas, Hayeun Jang, Jessica Johnson, Darya Kavitskaya, Shigeto Kawahara, Miran Oh, Rebecca L. Starre, and Alan Yu (2019) Cross-linguistic and language-specific sound symbolism: Pokémonastics. Ms. Downloadable at https://ling.auf.net/lingbuzz/004725. Hayes, Bruce (2009) Introductory phonology. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. Klink, Richard R. (2000) Creating brand names with meaning: the use of sound symbolism. Marketing Letters 11: 5–20. Ultan, Russel (1978) Size-sound symbolism. In: Joseph Greenberg (ed.) Universals of human language II: Phonology, 525–568. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Sapir, Edward (1929) A study in phonetic symbolism. Journal of Experimental Psychology 12: 225–239. Tsujimura, Natsuko (2014) An introduction to Japanese linguistics. 3rd edition. Oxford: Blackwell. Kubozono, Haruo (2015) Introduction to Japanese phonetics and phonology. In: Haruo Kubozono (ed.) (2015), 1–40. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Vance, Timothy J. and Mark Irwin (eds.) (2016) Sequential voicing in Japanese compounds: Papers from the NINJAL Rendaku Project. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Lowrey, Tian M. and L. J. Shrum (2007) Phonetic symbolism and brand name preference. Journal of Consumer Research 34: 406–414. 浜野祥子（2014）『日本語のオノマトペ：音象徴と構造』東京：くろしお出版 Kubozono, Haruo (ed.) (2015) The handbook of Japanese language and linguistics: Phonetics and phonology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Mester, Armin and Junko Ito (1989) Feature predictability and underspecification: Palatal prosody in Japanese mimetics. Language 65(2): 258–293. Hinton, Leane, Johanna Nichols, and John Ohala (ed.) (2006) Sound symbolism. 2nd Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 窪薗晴夫（2017）「どうして赤ちゃん言葉とオノマトペは似ているの？」窪薗晴夫（編）『オノマトペの謎』121–142．東京：岩波書店 Jakobson, Roman (1941/1968) Kindersprache, Aphasie und allegemeine Lautgesetze (Child language, aphasia and phonological universals). The Hague: Mouton. Ohala, John J. (1983) The origin of sound patterns in vocal tract constraints. In: Peter F. MacNeilage (ed.) The production of speech, 189–216. New York: Springer. |
| References_xml | – reference: Jakobson, Roman (1941/1968) Kindersprache, Aphasie und allegemeine Lautgesetze (Child language, aphasia and phonological universals). The Hague: Mouton. – reference: Pogacar, Ruth, Emily Plant, Laura Felton Rosulek, and Michal Kouril (2015) Sounds good: Phonetic sound patterns in top brand names. Marketing Letters 26: 549–563. – reference: Klink, Richard R. (2000) Creating brand names with meaning: the use of sound symbolism. Marketing Letters 11: 5–20. – reference: MacNeilage, Peter, F., Barbara L. Davis, and Christine L. Matyear (1997) Babbling and first words: Phonetic similarities and differences. Speech Communication 22: 269–277. – reference: Shinohara, Kazuko and Shigeto Kawahara (2016) A cross-linguistic study of sound symbolism: The images of size. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 396–410. Berkeley: Berkeley Linguistics Society. – reference: Labrune, Lawrence (2012) The phonology of Japanese. Oxford: Oxford University Press. – reference: Okada, Hideo (1999) Japanese. The handbook of International Phonetic Association, 117–119. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. – reference: Yorkston, Eric and Geeta Menon (2004) A sound idea: phonetic effects of brand names on consumer judgement. Journal of Consumer Research 31: 43–51. – reference: Berlin, Brent (2006) The first congress of ethonozoological nomenclature. Journal of Royal Anthropological Institution 12: 23–44. – reference: Blasi, Damián E., Søren Wichmann, Harald Hammarström, Peter F. Stadler, and Morten H. Christianson (2016) Sound-meaning association biases evidenced across thousands of languages. PNAS 113(39): 10818-10823. – reference: Hamano, Shoko (1986) The sound-symbolic system of Japanese. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Florida. – reference: Baayen, R. H. (2008) Analyzing linguistic data: A practical introduction to statistics using R. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. – reference: Shih, Stephanie S., Jordan Ackeman, Noah Hermalin, Sharon Inkelas, and Darya Kavitskaya (2018) Pokémonikers: A study of sound symbolism and Pokémon names. Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 3(42): 1–6. – reference: Shih, Stephanie S., Jordan Ackerman, Noah Hermalin, Sharon Inkelas, Hayeun Jang, Jessica Johnson, Darya Kavitskaya, Shigeto Kawahara, Miran Oh, Rebecca L. Starre, and Alan Yu (2019) Cross-linguistic and language-specific sound symbolism: Pokémonastics. Ms. Downloadable at https://ling.auf.net/lingbuzz/004725. – reference: Halle, Morris (1978) Knowledge unlearned and untaught: What speakers know about the sounds of their language. In: Morris Halle, Joan Bresnan, and George A. Miller (eds.) Linguistic theory and psychological reality, 294–303. Cambridge: MIT Press. – reference: Bolts, Marilyn G., Grace M. Mangigian, and Molly B. Allen (2016) Phonetic symbolism and memory for advertisements. Applied Cognitive Psychology 30(6): 1088–1092. – reference: 熊谷学而・川原繁人（2019）「ポケモンの名付けにおける母音と有声阻害音の効果：実験と理論からのアプローチ」『言語研究』155: 65–99. – reference: Kawahara, Shigeto, Atsushi Noto, and Gakuji Kumagai (2018) Sound symbolic patterns in Pokémon names. Phonetica 75(3): 219–244. – reference: Jurafsky, Dan (2014) The language of food: A linguist reads a menu. New York and London: W. W. Norton and Company. – reference: 窪薗晴夫（2017）「どうして赤ちゃん言葉とオノマトペは似ているの？」窪薗晴夫（編）『オノマトペの謎』121–142．東京：岩波書店． – reference: Hayes, Bruce (2009) Introductory phonology. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. – reference: Peterson, Robert A. and Ivan Ross (1972) How to name new brands. Journal of Advertising Research 12: 29–34. – reference: Albright, Adam (2009) Feature-based generalisation as a source of gradient acceptability. Phonology 26: 9–41. – reference: Sidhu, David D. and Penny M. Pexman (2018) Five mechanisms of sound symbolic association. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 25(5): 1619–1643. – reference: Kubozono, Haruo (2015) Introduction to Japanese phonetics and phonology. In: Haruo Kubozono (ed.) (2015), 1–40. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. – reference: Kumagai, Gakuji (2019) A sound-symbolic alternation to express cuteness and the orthographic Lyman’s Law in Japanese. Journal of Japanese Linguistics 35(1): 39–74. – reference: Jespersen, Otto (1922) Symbolic value of the vowel i. In: Otto Jespersen (ed.) Linguistica: Selected papers in English, French and German, 283–303. Copenhagen: Levin and Munksgaard. – reference: Vance, Timothy J. and Mark Irwin (eds.) (2016) Sequential voicing in Japanese compounds: Papers from the NINJAL Rendaku Project. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. – reference: Hinton, Leane, Johanna Nichols, and John Ohala (ed.) (2006) Sound symbolism. 2nd Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. – reference: Lockwood, Gwilim and Mark Dingemanse (2015) Iconicity in the lab: a review of behavioral, developmental, and neuroimaging research into sound-symbolism. Frontiers in Psychology 6: 1–14. – reference: Mielke, Jeff (2008) The emergence of distinctive features. Oxford: Oxford University Press. – reference: Tsujimura, Natsuko (2014) An introduction to Japanese linguistics. 3rd edition. Oxford: Blackwell. – reference: Lowrey, Tian M. and L. J. Shrum (2007) Phonetic symbolism and brand name preference. Journal of Consumer Research 34: 406–414. – reference: Mester, Armin and Junko Ito (1989) Feature predictability and underspecification: Palatal prosody in Japanese mimetics. Language 65(2): 258–293. – reference: Kawahara, Shigeto (2016) Psycholinguistic studies on rendaku. In: Timothy J. Vance and Mark Irwin (eds.) (2016), 35–46. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. – reference: Ultan, Russel (1978) Size-sound symbolism. In: Joseph Greenberg (ed.) Universals of human language II: Phonology, 525–568. Stanford: Stanford University Press. – reference: Ota, Mitsuhiko (2015) L1 phonology: Phonological development. In: Haruo Kubozono (ed.) (2015), 681–717. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. – reference: D’Onofrio, Annette (2014) Phonetic detail and dimensionality in sound-shape correspondences: Refining the Bouba-Kiki paradigm. Language and Speech 57(3): 367–393. – reference: 浜野祥子（2014）『日本語のオノマトペ：音象徴と構造』東京：くろしお出版． – reference: Sapir, Edward (1929) A study in phonetic symbolism. Journal of Experimental Psychology 12: 225–239. – reference: Dingemanse, Mark, Damián E. Blasi, Gary Lupyan, Morten H. Christianson, and Padraic Monaghan (2015) Arbitrariness, iconicity and systematicity in language. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 19(10): 603–615. – reference: Smith, Jennifer L. (2002) Phonological augmentation in prominent positions. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. – reference: Vance, Timothy J. (1987) An introduction to Japanese phonology. New York: SUNY Press. – reference: Vance, Timothy J. (2015) Rendaku. In: Haruo Kubozono (ed.) (2015), 397–441. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. – reference: Kawahara, Shigeto and Gakuji Kumagai (2019) Expressing evolution in Pokémon names: Experimental explorations. Journal of Japanese Linguistics 35(1): 3–38. – reference: Ohala, John J. (1983) The origin of sound patterns in vocal tract constraints. In: Peter F. MacNeilage (ed.) The production of speech, 189–216. New York: Springer. – reference: Kumagai, Gakuji (2017) Testing the OCP-labial effect on Japanese rendaku. Ms. Downloadable at http://ling.auf.net/lingbuzz/003290. – reference: Saussure, Ferdinand (1916) Cours de linguistique générale. Paris: Payot. – reference: Finley, Sara and William Badecker (2009) Artificial language learning and feature-based generalization. Journal of Memory and Language 61: 423–437. – reference: 川原繁人（2017）『「あ」は「い」よりも大きい！？：音象徴で学ぶ音声学入門』東京：ひつじ書房． – reference: Kubozono, Haruo (ed.) (2015) The handbook of Japanese language and linguistics: Phonetics and phonology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. – reference: Newman, Stanley S. (1933) Further experiments on phonetic symbolism. American Journal of Psychology 45: 53–75. |
| SSID | ssib021065558 ssib022617554 ssib012295871 ssib001538528 ssib002539191 ssib020475521 ssib000955606 ssib002594552 ssj0000491909 |
| Score | 2.1825101 |
| Snippet | 現在，日本で市販されている赤ちゃん用オムツには，唇音 [p, m]... |
| SourceID | jstage |
| SourceType | Publisher |
| StartPage | 149 |
| SubjectTerms | 2択強制選択課題 商品名の音象徴 自由名付け課題 音韻素性［唇音］ |
| Subtitle | 赤ちゃん用のオムツの名付けにおける唇音 |
| Title | 音韻素性に基づく音象徴 |
| URI | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/gengo/157/0/157_149/_article/-char/ja |
| Volume | 157 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| ispartofPNX | 言語研究, 2020, Vol.157, pp.149-161 |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3NbtQwELZW5cIF8f-PFglzy-I4tmNzc7ZZVVCQkFqptyhxvEh7aBHdXjixT8AjLBwQB06InkDiAXiNVYG-BTP52QbogcLFGo0n459JnG-c8YSQO0qMy5LlPODeRYHIFQuKyMFiCM9SrAvOyypl_qPHam1TPNiSW73e107U0t60GLgXx54r-RerAg_siqdkT2DZpVJgAA32hRIsDOVf2ZimhpoRTaKWSGga00RQy2iqMIjBxjSNAC1SC1WykrEtRzaEHnX0aJpAVYjCSQqquuAVa61GtUhYalJsDtoyoiIMTZb7fMjQ0AVbqWQ0idGYqNauUquQC3r08EheooxZRUKn2J1KHoZjsJOpwJ43uwrNLgVnyzsKh2viakxADKkdHtfZZeOgbEiN7S7ZXASRqU-aDnzFA1iCJyaaeNh2Ga8TXTcLcVgnQm3e6WGd8P3P1wWARTAymPHpzgAUDMAjai_8JQl3Y-KsksxAMmNVCdJZW4fH5LIJYPVTPI5DDC99-KQDdY0EcNl1FSMtu66fhEGaLjQ1Qsol9Azxt-v6CLpzJmLZgV7guatu6jaOmfZbqDipPUHAfk3EUz2j7Vd7mIR7v00B4LEJeCdtZGMFtjbOkjONl9S39ZjPkd4kP08urzd767v9u_31ZTrw3Qvk9uH84-H88_f9199evlvM3h_MPy1mbxezV8D_8eHNwZf9i2RzlG4M14Lm3x_BJASEHzjvdOyd1ywSCryawjOeh2GsHHgI3rNCGUysxJnOdVQq7hQIy3GYu1KJkkfRJbKyvbPtr5B-qA1miXRFwbwI4QrBdCl9zl3MirHzV8n9eqzZszrBS3YCa1_7n4uvk9P4rNQ7ejfIyvT5nr8JGHda3Kpunp9AKoM3 |
| linkProvider | Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E9%9F%B3%E9%9F%BB%E7%B4%A0%E6%80%A7%E3%81%AB%E5%9F%BA%E3%81%A5%E3%81%8F%E9%9F%B3%E8%B1%A1%E5%BE%B4&rft.jtitle=%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&rft.au=%E7%86%8A%E8%B0%B7%2C+%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%8C&rft.au=%E5%B7%9D%E5%8E%9F%2C+%E7%B9%81%E4%BA%BA&rft.date=2020&rft.pub=%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A&rft.issn=0024-3914&rft.eissn=2185-6710&rft.volume=157&rft.spage=149&rft.epage=161&rft_id=info:doi/10.11435%2Fgengo.157.0_149&rft.externalDocID=article_gengo_157_0_157_149_article_char_ja |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0024-3914&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0024-3914&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0024-3914&client=summon |