Orally administered L-tyrosine, but not D-tyrosine, shortly enters into several regions of the mouse brain
Although it was reported that a long term supplementation of dietary L-tyrosine, an amino acid that is a precursor of catecholamine, alleviated the chronic stress induced behaviors, limited information is available on the comparison between the effects of L- and D-tyrosine during acute stress. In th...
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| Published in | Journal of Pet Animal Nutrition Vol. 16; no. 2; pp. 67 - 72 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
Japanese Society of Pet Animal Nutrition
10.10.2013
日本ペット栄養学会 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1344-3763 2185-7601 |
| DOI | 10.11266/jpan.16.67 |
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| Abstract | Although it was reported that a long term supplementation of dietary L-tyrosine, an amino acid that is a precursor of catecholamine, alleviated the chronic stress induced behaviors, limited information is available on the comparison between the effects of L- and D-tyrosine during acute stress. In the present study, the short term effects of oral administration of L- and D-tyrosine on behavioral alterations induced by acute stress were investigated along with the analysis of these two forms of amino acid concentrations in the mouse brain. Locomotor activity in the open field was not altered by either L- or D-tyrosine. Plasma L-tyrosine concentration was greatly but D-tyrosine was moderately increased after 35 min of the treatment. Interestingly, D-tyrosine concentrations were 1.8-2.5 folds higher compared with L-tryrosine in the several brain sites, namely prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, thalamus, hypothalamus, brain stem and cerebellum of control mice. In all the brain sites determined, L-tyrosine treatment increased the concentrations of L-tyrosine, but D-tyrosine treatment did not increase D-tyrosine levels. In conclusion, our results suggest that orally administered L- and D-tyrosine did not modify locomotor activity, but transportation of tyrosine into brain may be different between L- and D-tyrosine in mice. |
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| AbstractList | Although it was reported that a long term supplementation of dietary L-tyrosine, an amino acid that is a precursor of catecholamine, alleviated the chronic stress induced behaviors, limited information is available on the comparison between the effects of L- and D-tyrosine during acute stress. In the present study, the short term effects of oral administration of L- and D-tyrosine on behavioral alterations induced by acute stress were investigated along with the analysis of these two forms of amino acid concentrations in the mouse brain. Locomotor activity in the open field was not altered by either L- or D-tyrosine. Plasma L-tyrosine concentration was greatly but D-tyrosine was moderately increased after 35 min of the treatment. Interestingly, D-tyrosine concentrations were 1.8-2.5 folds higher compared with L-tryrosine in the several brain sites, namely prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, thalamus, hypothalamus, brain stem and cerebellum of control mice. In all the brain sites determined, L-tyrosine treatment increased the concentrations of L-tyrosine, but D-tyrosine treatment did not increase D-tyrosine levels. In conclusion, our results suggest that orally administered L- and D-tyrosine did not modify locomotor activity, but transportation of tyrosine into brain may be different between L- and D-tyrosine in mice.
カテコールアミンの前駆体であるL-チロシンの長期投与は慢性ストレスがもたらす行動を緩和することが知られているが、急性ストレス時にL-ならびにD-チロシンの効果を比較した報告はない。本研究では、急性ストレスに対するL-チロシンとD-チロシンの経口投与がマウスの行動に及ぼす影響と脳内の両チロシン濃度に及ぼす影響を調査した。オープンフィールドにおける行動量にL-ならびにD-チロシンの効果は認められなかった。経口投与35分後にL-チロシン投与により血漿L-チロシン濃度は急激に上昇したが、D-チロシンの投与では血漿D-チロシンの緩やかな上昇が観察された。興味深いことに、対照区の各脳部位（大脳皮質、海馬、線条体、視床、視床下部、脳幹ならびに小脳）において、D-チロシンの濃度はL-チロシンの1.8-2.5倍高かった。すべての脳部位において、L-チロシンの投与によりL-チロシン含量は増加したが、D-チロシンの投与でD-チロシン濃度の上昇は認められなかった。上記より、急性投与したL-チロシンとD-チロシンは行動量に影響しないが、L-チロシンとD-チロシンの脳内移行の様相は異なると結論づけられた。 Although it was reported that a long term supplementation of dietary L-tyrosine, an amino acid that is a precursor of catecholamine, alleviated the chronic stress induced behaviors, limited information is available on the comparison between the effects of L- and D-tyrosine during acute stress. In the present study, the short term effects of oral administration of L- and D-tyrosine on behavioral alterations induced by acute stress were investigated along with the analysis of these two forms of amino acid concentrations in the mouse brain. Locomotor activity in the open field was not altered by either L- or D-tyrosine. Plasma L-tyrosine concentration was greatly but D-tyrosine was moderately increased after 35 min of the treatment. Interestingly, D-tyrosine concentrations were 1.8-2.5 folds higher compared with L-tryrosine in the several brain sites, namely prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, thalamus, hypothalamus, brain stem and cerebellum of control mice. In all the brain sites determined, L-tyrosine treatment increased the concentrations of L-tyrosine, but D-tyrosine treatment did not increase D-tyrosine levels. In conclusion, our results suggest that orally administered L- and D-tyrosine did not modify locomotor activity, but transportation of tyrosine into brain may be different between L- and D-tyrosine in mice. |
| Author | Chowdhury, V. S. Furuse, M. Takagi, S. Yasuo, S. Nagasawa, M. Kawase, T. Ikeda, H. |
| Author_FL | チョウドリ V.S 古瀬 充宏 池田 裕美 川瀬 貴博 高木 伸哉 長澤 麻央 安尾 しのぶ |
| Author_FL_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 高木 伸哉 – sequence: 2 fullname: 池田 裕美 – sequence: 3 fullname: 川瀬 貴博 – sequence: 4 fullname: 長澤 麻央 – sequence: 5 fullname: チョウドリ V.S – sequence: 6 fullname: 安尾 しのぶ – sequence: 7 fullname: 古瀬 充宏 |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Ikeda, H. organization: Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University – sequence: 1 fullname: Yasuo, S. organization: Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University – sequence: 1 fullname: Furuse, M. organization: Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University – sequence: 1 fullname: Takagi, S. organization: Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University – sequence: 1 fullname: Kawase, T. organization: Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University – sequence: 1 fullname: Chowdhury, V. S. organization: Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University – sequence: 1 fullname: Nagasawa, M. organization: Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University |
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| References | [1] Acworth, J.N., During, M.J. and Wurtman, R.J. 1988. Tyrosine: effect on catecholamine release. Brain Res. Bull., 21: 473-477. [12] Masters, P.M. and Friedman, M. 1979. Racemization of amino acids in alkali-treated food proteins. J. Agric. Food Chem., 27: 507-511. [5] Reinstein, D.K., Lehnert, H. and Wurtman, R.J. 1985. Dietary tyrosine suppresses the rise in plasma corticosterone following acute stress in rats. Life Sci., 37: 2157-2163. [15] Tomonaga, S., Yamasaki, I., Nagasawa, M., Ogino, Y., Uotsu, N., Teramoto, S. and Furuse, M. 2012. Oral administration of L-serine increases L- and D-serine levels in the plasma and brain of fasted rats. Lett. Drug Design Discov., 9: 63-667. [2] Fernstrom, J.D. and Fernstrom, M.H. 2007. Tyrosine, phenylalanine, and catecholamine synthesis and function in the brain. J. Nutr., 137: 1539S-1547S. [3] Avraham, Y., Bonne, O. and Berry, E.M. 1996. Behavioral and neurochemical alterations caused by diet restriction — the effect of tyrosine administration in mice. Brain Res., 732: 133-144. [13] Kabuki, Y., Mizobe, Y., Yamada, S. and Furuse, M. 2009. Dietary L-tyrosine alleviates the behavioral alterations induced by social isolation stress in mice. Brain Res. Bull., 80: 389-396. [9] Yamane, H., Asechi, M., Tsuneyoshi, Y., Denbow, D.M. and Furuse, M. 2009. Central L-cysteine induces sleep, and D-cysteine induces sleep and abnormal behavior during acute stress in neonatal chicks. Anim. Sci. J., 80: 428-432. [14] Kabuki, Y., Shigemi, K., Hamasu, K. and Furuse, M. 2009. L-DOPA attenuates hyperactivity of Roborovskii hamsters. Behav. Pharmacol., 20: 260-264. [16] Ohmori, T., Mutaguchi, Y., Yoshikawa, S., Doi, K. and Ohshima, T. 2011. Amino acid components of lees in salmon fish sauce are tyrosine and phenylalanine. J. Biosci. Bioeng., 112: 256-258. [7] Takagi, T., Ando, R., Ohgushi, A., Yamashita, T., Dobashi, E., Hussain-Yusuf, H., Onodera, R., Bungo, T., Sato, H. and Furuse, M. 2001. Intracerebroventricular injection of pipecolic acid inhibits food intake and induces sleeping-like behaviors in the neonatal chick. Neurosci. Lett., 310: 97-100. [17] Lin, E.C. and Wilson, T.H. 1960. Transport of Ltyrosine by the small intestine in vitro. Am. J. Physiol., 199: 127-130. [4] Lehnert, H., Reinstein, D.K., Strowbridge, B.W. and Wurtman, R.J. 1984. Neurochemical and behavioral consequences of acute, uncontrollable stress: effect of dietary tyrosine. Brain Res., 303: 215-223. [11] Friedman, M., Zahnley, JC. and Masters, P.M. 1981. Relationship between in vitro digestibility of casein and its content of lysinoalanine and D-amino acids. J. Food Sci., 46: 127-131. [6] Kanai, Y., Segawa, H., Miyamoto, K., Uchino, H., Takeda, E. and Endou, H. 1998. Expression cloning and characterization of a transporter for large neutral amino acids activated by the heavy chain of 4F2 antigen (CD98). J. Biol. Chem., 273: 23629-23632. [10] Hamasu, K., Shigemi, K., Tsuneyoshi, Y., Yamane, H., Sato, H., Denbow, D.M. and Furuse, M. 2010. Intracerebroventricular injection of L-proline and Dproline induces sedative and hypnotic effects by different mechanisms under an acute stressful condition in chicks. Amino Acids, 38: 57-64. [8] Asechi, M., Tomonaga, S., Tachibana, T., Han, L., Hayamizu, K., Denbow, D.M. and Furuse, M. 2006. Intracerebroventricular injection of L-serine analogs and derivatives induces sedative and hypnotic effects under an acute stressful condition in neonatal chicks. Behav. Brain Res., 170: 71-77. |
| References_xml | – reference: [17] Lin, E.C. and Wilson, T.H. 1960. Transport of Ltyrosine by the small intestine in vitro. Am. J. Physiol., 199: 127-130. – reference: [2] Fernstrom, J.D. and Fernstrom, M.H. 2007. Tyrosine, phenylalanine, and catecholamine synthesis and function in the brain. J. Nutr., 137: 1539S-1547S. – reference: [4] Lehnert, H., Reinstein, D.K., Strowbridge, B.W. and Wurtman, R.J. 1984. Neurochemical and behavioral consequences of acute, uncontrollable stress: effect of dietary tyrosine. Brain Res., 303: 215-223. – reference: [12] Masters, P.M. and Friedman, M. 1979. Racemization of amino acids in alkali-treated food proteins. J. Agric. Food Chem., 27: 507-511. – reference: [15] Tomonaga, S., Yamasaki, I., Nagasawa, M., Ogino, Y., Uotsu, N., Teramoto, S. and Furuse, M. 2012. Oral administration of L-serine increases L- and D-serine levels in the plasma and brain of fasted rats. Lett. Drug Design Discov., 9: 63-667. – reference: [14] Kabuki, Y., Shigemi, K., Hamasu, K. and Furuse, M. 2009. L-DOPA attenuates hyperactivity of Roborovskii hamsters. Behav. Pharmacol., 20: 260-264. – reference: [13] Kabuki, Y., Mizobe, Y., Yamada, S. and Furuse, M. 2009. Dietary L-tyrosine alleviates the behavioral alterations induced by social isolation stress in mice. Brain Res. Bull., 80: 389-396. – reference: [9] Yamane, H., Asechi, M., Tsuneyoshi, Y., Denbow, D.M. and Furuse, M. 2009. Central L-cysteine induces sleep, and D-cysteine induces sleep and abnormal behavior during acute stress in neonatal chicks. Anim. Sci. J., 80: 428-432. – reference: [16] Ohmori, T., Mutaguchi, Y., Yoshikawa, S., Doi, K. and Ohshima, T. 2011. Amino acid components of lees in salmon fish sauce are tyrosine and phenylalanine. J. Biosci. Bioeng., 112: 256-258. – reference: [6] Kanai, Y., Segawa, H., Miyamoto, K., Uchino, H., Takeda, E. and Endou, H. 1998. Expression cloning and characterization of a transporter for large neutral amino acids activated by the heavy chain of 4F2 antigen (CD98). J. Biol. Chem., 273: 23629-23632. – reference: [3] Avraham, Y., Bonne, O. and Berry, E.M. 1996. Behavioral and neurochemical alterations caused by diet restriction — the effect of tyrosine administration in mice. Brain Res., 732: 133-144. – reference: [10] Hamasu, K., Shigemi, K., Tsuneyoshi, Y., Yamane, H., Sato, H., Denbow, D.M. and Furuse, M. 2010. Intracerebroventricular injection of L-proline and Dproline induces sedative and hypnotic effects by different mechanisms under an acute stressful condition in chicks. Amino Acids, 38: 57-64. – reference: [1] Acworth, J.N., During, M.J. and Wurtman, R.J. 1988. Tyrosine: effect on catecholamine release. Brain Res. Bull., 21: 473-477. – reference: [7] Takagi, T., Ando, R., Ohgushi, A., Yamashita, T., Dobashi, E., Hussain-Yusuf, H., Onodera, R., Bungo, T., Sato, H. and Furuse, M. 2001. Intracerebroventricular injection of pipecolic acid inhibits food intake and induces sleeping-like behaviors in the neonatal chick. Neurosci. Lett., 310: 97-100. – reference: [11] Friedman, M., Zahnley, JC. and Masters, P.M. 1981. Relationship between in vitro digestibility of casein and its content of lysinoalanine and D-amino acids. J. Food Sci., 46: 127-131. – reference: [8] Asechi, M., Tomonaga, S., Tachibana, T., Han, L., Hayamizu, K., Denbow, D.M. and Furuse, M. 2006. Intracerebroventricular injection of L-serine analogs and derivatives induces sedative and hypnotic effects under an acute stressful condition in neonatal chicks. Behav. Brain Res., 170: 71-77. – reference: [5] Reinstein, D.K., Lehnert, H. and Wurtman, R.J. 1985. Dietary tyrosine suppresses the rise in plasma corticosterone following acute stress in rats. Life Sci., 37: 2157-2163. |
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| Title | Orally administered L-tyrosine, but not D-tyrosine, shortly enters into several regions of the mouse brain |
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