Mapuche Demands during Educational Reform, the Penguin Revolution and the Chilean Winter of Discontent
Enduring inequalities in Chile's education system are both a socio‐economic and ethno‐national problem. Student protests in 2006 and 2011 are representative of growing public concerns over the neoliberal socio‐economic model adopted by respective governments since the military regime ended in 1...
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Published in | Studies in ethnicity and nationalism Vol. 13; no. 3; pp. 319 - 341 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
London
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.12.2013
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
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Abstract | Enduring inequalities in Chile's education system are both a socio‐economic and ethno‐national problem. Student protests in 2006 and 2011 are representative of growing public concerns over the neoliberal socio‐economic model adopted by respective governments since the military regime ended in 1990. Education has also become a contested space in which the recognition of indigenous rights – and cultural and linguistic diversity in particular – have been negotiated. This article presents an analysis of the history of Mapuche struggles over education, in light of recent neoliberal reforms and political protests. Reforms to address large achievement differentials among indigenous populations have come through proposals for Intercultural Bilingual Education (IBE) in Chile and these, we suggest, have challenged the hegemonic education system and its assimilatory mechanisms. Its current administration, however, reflects minimal commitments to indigenous rights and only the thinnest recognition of cultural difference. Instead, the status quo of mono‐cultural and mono‐linguistic Chilean nationalism continues to be transmitted via the national curriculum. |
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AbstractList | Enduring inequalities in Chile's education system are both a socio‐economic and ethno‐national problem. Student protests in 2006 and 2011 are representative of growing public concerns over the neoliberal socio‐economic model adopted by respective governments since the military regime ended in 1990. Education has also become a contested space in which the recognition of indigenous rights – and cultural and linguistic diversity in particular – have been negotiated. This article presents an analysis of the history of Mapuche struggles over education, in light of recent neoliberal reforms and political protests. Reforms to address large achievement differentials among indigenous populations have come through proposals for Intercultural Bilingual Education (IBE) in Chile and these, we suggest, have challenged the hegemonic education system and its assimilatory mechanisms. Its current administration, however, reflects minimal commitments to indigenous rights and only the thinnest recognition of cultural difference. Instead, the status quo of mono‐cultural and mono‐linguistic Chilean nationalism continues to be transmitted via the national curriculum. Enduring inequalities in Chile's education system are both a socio-economic and ethno-national problem. Student protests in 2006 and 2011 are representative of growing public concerns over the neoliberal socio-economic model adopted by respective governments since the military regime ended in 1990. Education has also become a contested space in which the recognition of indigenous rights - and cultural and linguistic diversity in particular - have been negotiated. This article presents an analysis of the history of Mapuche struggles over education, in light of recent neoliberal reforms and political protests. Reforms to address large achievement differentials among indigenous populations have come through proposals for Intercultural Bilingual Education (IBE) in Chile and these, we suggest, have challenged the hegemonic education system and its assimilatory mechanisms. Its current administration, however, reflects minimal commitments to indigenous rights and only the thinnest recognition of cultural difference. Instead, the status quo of mono-cultural and mono-linguistic Chilean nationalism continues to be transmitted via the national curriculum. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Enduring inequalities in Chile's education system are both a socio-economic and ethno-national problem. Student protests in 2006 and 2011 are representative of growing public concerns over the neoliberal socio-economic model adopted by respective governments since the military regime ended in 1990. Education has also become a contested space in which the recognition of indigenous rights - and cultural and linguistic diversity in particular - have been negotiated. This article presents an analysis of the history of Mapuche struggles over education, in light of recent neoliberal reforms and political protests. Reforms to address large achievement differentials among indigenous populations have come through proposals for Intercultural Bilingual Education (IBE) in Chile and these, we suggest, have challenged the hegemonic education system and its assimilatory mechanisms. Its current administration, however, reflects minimal commitments to indigenous rights and only the thinnest recognition of cultural difference. Instead, the status quo of mono-cultural and mono-linguistic Chilean nationalism continues to be transmitted via the national curriculum. Reprinted by permission of Wiley-Blackwell |
Author | Radcliffe, Sarah Webb, Andrew |
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Evidence from Chile’ publication-title: Journal of Development Studies – volume: 1 year: 1997 – year: 1996 – volume: 29 start-page: 423 year: 1995 end-page: 474 article-title: De escuelas indígenas sin pueblos a pueblos sin escuelas indígenas: la educación en la Araucanía en el siglo XIX publication-title: Historia – volume: 42 start-page: 309 issue: 3 year: 1998 end-page: 337 article-title: National Voucher Plans in Chile and Sweden: Did Privatization Reforms Make for Better Education publication-title: Comparative Education Review – volume: 4 start-page: 47 issue: 1 year: 2009 end-page: 71 article-title: Between Political Worlds: Indigenous Citizenship in Chile's Alto Bio Bio’ publication-title: Latin American and Caribbean Ethnic Studies – volume: 11 start-page: 501 year: 2004 end-page: 541 article-title: Shamans’ Pragmatic Gendered Negotiations with Mapuche Resistance Movements and Chilean Political Authorities publication-title: Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power – volume: 7 start-page: 79 year: 2010 end-page: 96 article-title: Derechos educativos y lingüísticos de los pueblos indígenas de Chile publication-title: Inclusión Social y Equidad en la Educación Superior – volume: 27 start-page: 101 issue: 1 year: 2007b end-page: 113 article-title: Equity in Education in Chile: The Tensions between Policy and Practice publication-title: International Journal of Educational Development – volume: 3 start-page: 39 issue: 1 year: 2008 end-page: 57 article-title: The Penguin Revolution in Chile: Exploring Intergenerational Learning in Social Movements publication-title: Journal of Contemporary Issues in Education – volume: 3 start-page: 37 year: 2005 end-page: 50 article-title: El concepto de interculturalidad en Chile publication-title: Rivista Di Psicolinguistica Applicata – year: 1998 – year: 2010 – volume: 28 start-page: 370 year: 2009 end-page: 381 article-title: Using School Scholarships to Estimate the Effect of Private Education on the Academic Achievement of Low‐Income Students in Chile publication-title: Economics of Education Review – volume: 1 start-page: 1 year: 2000 end-page: 80 article-title: Education Reforms in Chile, 1980–98: A Lesson in Pragmatism publication-title: Country Studies Education Reform and Management Publication Series – volume: 42 start-page: 59 issue: 1 year: 2010 end-page: 90 article-title: Of Indians and Terrorists: How the State and Local Elites Construct the Mapuche in Neoliberal Multicultural Chile publication-title: Journal of Latin American Studies – volume: 53 start-page: 157 issue: 1 year: 2004 end-page: 190 article-title: The Indigenous Test Score Gap in Bolivia and Chile’ publication-title: Economic Development and Cultural Change – year: 2002 – year: 1988 – volume: 85 start-page: 1319 issue: 3 year: 2007 end-page: 1339 article-title: Negotiating Neoliberal Multiculturalism: Mapuche Workers in the Chilean State publication-title: Social Forces – year: 2011 article-title: With Kiss‐Ins and Dances, Young Chileans Push for Reform – year: 1995 – volume: 29 start-page: 583 issue: 6 year: 2009 end-page: 593 article-title: Education Reform, Indigenous Politics, and Decolonisation in the Bolivia of Evo Morales publication-title: International Journal of Educational Development – volume: 83 start-page: 61 year: 2007a end-page: 82 article-title: Tensions between State and Market in Chile: Educational Policy and Culture’ publication-title: European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies – volume: 19 start-page: 263 year: 2001 end-page: 293 article-title: ‘Colonialism, the Shuar Federation, and the Ecuadorian State publication-title: Environment and Planning D: Society and Space – year: 1993 – volume: 10 start-page: 59 issue: 1 year: 2010 end-page: 75 article-title: Chile's Other History: Allende, Pinochet, and Redemocratisation in Mapuche Perspective publication-title: Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism – year: 1999 |
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Snippet | Enduring inequalities in Chile's education system are both a socio‐economic and ethno‐national problem. Student protests in 2006 and 2011 are representative of... Enduring inequalities in Chile's education system are both a socio-economic and ethno-national problem. Student protests in 2006 and 2011 are representative of... |
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SubjectTerms | Chile Education reform Education systems Ethnicity History Indigenous populations Indigenous rights Intercultural dialogue Mapuche Military regimes Nationalism Neoliberalism Socioeconomic factors |
Title | Mapuche Demands during Educational Reform, the Penguin Revolution and the Chilean Winter of Discontent |
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