N-acetyltransferase 2 gene polymorphism as a biomarker for susceptibility to bladder cancer in Bangladeshi population

• Published in: Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 78 - 84
• Main Authors: Hosen, Md. Bayejid, Islam, Jahidul, Salam, Md. Abdus, Islam, Md. Fakhrul, Hawlader, M Zakir Hossain, Kabir, Yearul
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Australia Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.03.2015
• Subjects: acetyltransferase; Aged; aromatic amine; Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase - genetics; Bangladesh - epidemiology; Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics; bladder cancer; Case-Control Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Polymerase Chain Reaction; polymorphism; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics; Prognosis; Risk Factors; smoking; Smoking - genetics; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - enzymology; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - epidemiology; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - genetics; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - pathology; Bangladesh; aromatic amine; polymorphism; bladder cancer; acetyltransferase; smoking
• DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12291
• ISSN: 1743-7555; 1743-7563

Aim To investigate the association between the three most common single nucleotide polymorphisms of the N‐acetyltransferase 2 gene together with cigarette smoking and the risk of developing bladder cancer and its aggressiveness. Methods A case‐control study on 102 bladder cancer patients and 140 control subjects was conducted. The genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral white blood cells and N‐acetyltransferase 2 alleles were differentiated by polymerase chain reaction‐based restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Results Bladder cancer risk was estimated as odds ratio and 95% confidence interval using binary logistic regression models adjusting for age and gender. Overall, N‐acetyltransferase 2 slow genotypes were associated with bladder cancer risk (odds ratio = 4.45; 95% confidence interval = 2.26–8.77). The cigarette smokers with slow genotypes were found to have a sixfold increased risk to develop bladder cancer (odds ratio = 6.05; 95% confidence interval = 2.23–15.82). Patients with slow acetylating genotypes were more prone to develop high‐grade (odds ratio = 6.63; 95% confidence interval = 1.15–38.13; P < 0.05) and invasive (odds ratio = 10.6; 95% confidence interval = 1.00–111.5; P = 0.05) tumor. Conclusion N‐acetyltransferase 2 slow genotype together with tobacco smoking increases bladder cancer risk. Patients with N‐acetyltransferase 2 slow genotypes were more likely to develop a high‐grade and invasive tumor. N‐acetyltransferase 2 slow genotype is an important genetic determinant for bladder cancer in Bangladesh population.