Cooperation and the Commons Laboratory and Field Investigations of a Persistent Dilemma

• Published in: Social Cognition, Social Identity, and Intergroup Relations pp. 297 - 317
• Main Author: Kramer, Roderick M.
• Format: Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Psychology Press 2011
• Edition: 1
• Subjects: Transactive Memory Systems; Social Identity Complexity; Marilynn Brewer; Basic Cognitive Processes; DEC PDP-1134; Stormfront Members; Vice Versa; In-group Positivity; ABM; Outgroup Negativity; Hot Potatoes; Optimal Distinctiveness; Informational Commons; FBI Field Office; FISA; Social Dominance Orientation; Out-group Negativity; Eventual Devastation; Ingroup Positivity; Intergroup Antipathies; Common Knowledge Effect; In-group Variation; Uncommon Categorization; Out-group Derogation

In 1968, the biologist Garrett Hardin published a six-page article in Science entitled "The Tragedy of the Commons." Historically, the commons were public pastures in small communities on which local herders could freely graze their livestock. In such situations, it was in the self-interes...