Flexible Hierarchical Multi-Beam Search for mmWave massive MIMO Systems

• Published in: IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference : [proceedings] : WCNC pp. 1 - 6
• Main Authors: Putra, Dony Darmawan, Huang, Wan-Jen, Sirojuddin, Ahmad
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: IEEE 01.03.2023
• Subjects: Costs; Decoding; hierarchical beam search; Hierarchical codebook; least-squares; Massive MIMO; Millimeter wave technology; mmWave MIMO; Simulation; Spectral efficiency; Training
• DOI: 10.1109/WCNC55385.2023.10118596

In this study, we proposed a hierarchical multi-beam search algorithm along with a hierarchical codebook to efficiently estimate the angle-of-departures (AoDs) and angle-of-arrivals (AoAs) and design the precoder and decoder in millimeter-wave massive MIMO systems with a uniform linear array. Existing hierarchical codebooks were designated for the case with antenna numbers being a power of two. We propose a more flexible codeword-generation algorithm applicable to the case with antenna number equals to any composite numbers. Moreover, we proposed a least-square based refinement to raise the accuracy of the estimated AoDs and AoAs with lower training overhead. It shows through the simulation results that the proposed algorithm achieves a comparable unsuccess rate compared with an existing method, yet demands lower training cost and complexity. It also shows that the gap in spectral efficiency with the proposed multi-beam search algorithm and perfect CSI case is insignificant.