Host status of plants from the Cerrado Biome to Meloidogyne spp./Hospedabilidade de plantas do Bioma Cerrado a Meloidogyne spp
Among the Brazilian biomes, Cerrado is the second in territorial extension and diversity of plants and animal species. The Cerrado's biodiversity has been studied in terms of its flora and fauna, lacking data from microorganisms representing the microfauna, such as root-knot nematodes. Meloidog...
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Published in | Ciência florestal Vol. 31; no. 2; p. 705 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
01.04.2021
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Abstract | Among the Brazilian biomes, Cerrado is the second in territorial extension and diversity of plants and animal species. The Cerrado's biodiversity has been studied in terms of its flora and fauna, lacking data from microorganisms representing the microfauna, such as root-knot nematodes. Meloidogyne spp. are sedentary endoparasitic nematodes of plants. Its presence in soil covered with native cerrado vegetation, under preservation, is a strong indication that its permanence is due to the parasitism on native plants. This work aimed to study the host suitability of cerrado plants to Meloidogyne spp. Thirty-five plant species from the Cerrado biome, including grasses and trees, were selected for inoculation with four Meloidogyne isolates, three of them previously collected in a native Cerrado area under preservation (Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, and Meloidogyne morocciensis), and the fourth (Meloidogyne paranaensis) an exotic species in Cerrado. Five thousand eggs and eventual second-stage juveniles (J2) of each nematode species were inoculated per plant. The experiments were conducted with 35 treatments (native plants) and 5 replicates, having been repeated in time. The variables assessed were gall index and egg mass index, eggs and J2 per gram of root and reproductive factor (RF), as well as the symptomatology caused by the nematodes on the roots. The following plant species were considered as hosts by presenting mean of the Reproduction Factor (RF)>1.0: Triplaris gardneriana for Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne incognita, and Meloidogyne morocciensis; Andropogon bicornis for Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita and Copaifera langsdorffii for Meloidogyne incognita. The following plant species were classified as potential hosts by developing RF>1.0 in at least one of the replicates: Copaifera langsdorffii for Meloidogyne morocciensis; Esenbeckia leiocarpa for Meloidogyne javanica and Guibourtia hymenifolia for Meloidogyne incognita. The other plant species were classified as non-hosts considering the conditions of this study. The inoculated plants showed varied symptoms on the roots, such as galls associated with egg masses, egg masses without galls, swelling with egg masses, cracks with egg masses without galls, and swelling with egg masses. Keywords: Root-knot nematodes; Brazilian savanna; Native plants; Host plants Dentre os biomas brasileiros, o Cerrado é o segundo em extensão territorial e em diversidade de espécies vegetais e animais. A biodiversidade do Cerrado tem sido estudada no que tange a sua flora e fauna, carecendo de dados de microorganismos representantes da microfauna, a exemplo dos nematoides de galhas radiculares. Meloidogyne spp. são nematoides endoparasitas sedentários de plantas. A sua presença em solo de áreas com vegetação nativa de cerrado, sob preservação, é um forte indício de que a sua permanência ocorre devido ao parasitismo de plantas nativas. Este trabalho objetivou estudar a hospedabilidade de plantas ocorrentes no bioma cerrado a Meloidogyne spp. Foram selecionadas trinta e cinco espécies vegetais desse bioma, incluindo espécies gramíneas e arbóreas, para estudo da hospedabilidade frente a três isolados de Meloidogyne coletados em área nativa de cerrado sob preservação (Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica e Meloidogyne morocciensis), além de uma espécie até então exótica ao cerrado (Meloidogyne paranaensis). Foram inoculados 5.000 ovos e eventuais juvenis de segundo estádio (J2) de cada espécie de nematoide por planta. Os experimentos foram conduzidos com 35 tratamentos (plantas nativas) e 5 repetições, tendo sido repetidos no tempo. As variáveis avaliadas foram índice de galhas e de massas de ovos, ovos e J2 por grama de raiz e fator de reprodução, além da sintomatologia causada pelos nematoides nas raízes. As seguintes espécies vegetais foram consideradas hospedeiras, com média do Fator de Reprodução (FR)>1,0: Triplaris gardneriana para Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne incognita e Meloidogyne morocciensis; Andropogon bicornis para Meloidogyne javanica e Meloidogyne incognita e Copaifera langsdorffii para Meloidogyne incognita. As seguintes espécies vegetais foram classificadas como hospedeiras potenciais, com FR>1,0 para pelo menos uma das repetições: Copaifera langsdorffii para Meloidogyne morocciensis; Esenbeckia leiocarpa para Meloidogyne javanica e Guibourtia hymenifolia para Meloidogyne incognita. As demais espécies vegetais foram classificadas como não hospedeiras para as condições deste estudo. As plantas inoculadas apresentaram sintomas variados nas raízes como a presença de galhas associadas a massas de ovos, formação de massas de ovos sem galhas, rachaduras com massas de ovos e ausência de galhas e intumescimento com massas de ovos. Palavras-chave: Nematoide das galhas; Savana brasileira; Plantas nativas; Plantas hospedeiras |
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AbstractList | Among the Brazilian biomes, Cerrado is the second in territorial extension and diversity of plants and animal species. The Cerrado's biodiversity has been studied in terms of its flora and fauna, lacking data from microorganisms representing the microfauna, such as root-knot nematodes. Meloidogyne spp. are sedentary endoparasitic nematodes of plants. Its presence in soil covered with native cerrado vegetation, under preservation, is a strong indication that its permanence is due to the parasitism on native plants. This work aimed to study the host suitability of cerrado plants to Meloidogyne spp. Thirty-five plant species from the Cerrado biome, including grasses and trees, were selected for inoculation with four Meloidogyne isolates, three of them previously collected in a native Cerrado area under preservation (Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, and Meloidogyne morocciensis), and the fourth (Meloidogyne paranaensis) an exotic species in Cerrado. Five thousand eggs and eventual second-stage juveniles (J2) of each nematode species were inoculated per plant. The experiments were conducted with 35 treatments (native plants) and 5 replicates, having been repeated in time. The variables assessed were gall index and egg mass index, eggs and J2 per gram of root and reproductive factor (RF), as well as the symptomatology caused by the nematodes on the roots. The following plant species were considered as hosts by presenting mean of the Reproduction Factor (RF)>1.0: Triplaris gardneriana for Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne incognita, and Meloidogyne morocciensis; Andropogon bicornis for Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita and Copaifera langsdorffii for Meloidogyne incognita. The following plant species were classified as potential hosts by developing RF>1.0 in at least one of the replicates: Copaifera langsdorffii for Meloidogyne morocciensis; Esenbeckia leiocarpa for Meloidogyne javanica and Guibourtia hymenifolia for Meloidogyne incognita. The other plant species were classified as non-hosts considering the conditions of this study. The inoculated plants showed varied symptoms on the roots, such as galls associated with egg masses, egg masses without galls, swelling with egg masses, cracks with egg masses without galls, and swelling with egg masses. Keywords: Root-knot nematodes; Brazilian savanna; Native plants; Host plants Dentre os biomas brasileiros, o Cerrado é o segundo em extensão territorial e em diversidade de espécies vegetais e animais. A biodiversidade do Cerrado tem sido estudada no que tange a sua flora e fauna, carecendo de dados de microorganismos representantes da microfauna, a exemplo dos nematoides de galhas radiculares. Meloidogyne spp. são nematoides endoparasitas sedentários de plantas. A sua presença em solo de áreas com vegetação nativa de cerrado, sob preservação, é um forte indício de que a sua permanência ocorre devido ao parasitismo de plantas nativas. Este trabalho objetivou estudar a hospedabilidade de plantas ocorrentes no bioma cerrado a Meloidogyne spp. Foram selecionadas trinta e cinco espécies vegetais desse bioma, incluindo espécies gramíneas e arbóreas, para estudo da hospedabilidade frente a três isolados de Meloidogyne coletados em área nativa de cerrado sob preservação (Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica e Meloidogyne morocciensis), além de uma espécie até então exótica ao cerrado (Meloidogyne paranaensis). Foram inoculados 5.000 ovos e eventuais juvenis de segundo estádio (J2) de cada espécie de nematoide por planta. Os experimentos foram conduzidos com 35 tratamentos (plantas nativas) e 5 repetições, tendo sido repetidos no tempo. As variáveis avaliadas foram índice de galhas e de massas de ovos, ovos e J2 por grama de raiz e fator de reprodução, além da sintomatologia causada pelos nematoides nas raízes. As seguintes espécies vegetais foram consideradas hospedeiras, com média do Fator de Reprodução (FR)>1,0: Triplaris gardneriana para Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne incognita e Meloidogyne morocciensis; Andropogon bicornis para Meloidogyne javanica e Meloidogyne incognita e Copaifera langsdorffii para Meloidogyne incognita. As seguintes espécies vegetais foram classificadas como hospedeiras potenciais, com FR>1,0 para pelo menos uma das repetições: Copaifera langsdorffii para Meloidogyne morocciensis; Esenbeckia leiocarpa para Meloidogyne javanica e Guibourtia hymenifolia para Meloidogyne incognita. As demais espécies vegetais foram classificadas como não hospedeiras para as condições deste estudo. As plantas inoculadas apresentaram sintomas variados nas raízes como a presença de galhas associadas a massas de ovos, formação de massas de ovos sem galhas, rachaduras com massas de ovos e ausência de galhas e intumescimento com massas de ovos. Palavras-chave: Nematoide das galhas; Savana brasileira; Plantas nativas; Plantas hospedeiras Among the Brazilian biomes, Cerrado is the second in territorial extension and diversity of plants and animal species. The Cerrado's biodiversity has been studied in terms of its flora and fauna, lacking data from microorganisms representing the microfauna, such as root-knot nematodes. Meloidogyne spp. are sedentary endoparasitic nematodes of plants. Its presence in soil covered with native cerrado vegetation, under preservation, is a strong indication that its permanence is due to the parasitism on native plants. This work aimed to study the host suitability of cerrado plants to Meloidogyne spp. Thirty-five plant species from the Cerrado biome, including grasses and trees, were selected for inoculation with four Meloidogyne isolates, three of them previously collected in a native Cerrado area under preservation (Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, and Meloidogyne morocciensis), and the fourth (Meloidogyne paranaensis) an exotic species in Cerrado. Five thousand eggs and eventual second-stage juveniles (J2) of each nematode species were inoculated per plant. The experiments were conducted with 35 treatments (native plants) and 5 replicates, having been repeated in time. The variables assessed were gall index and egg mass index, eggs and J2 per gram of root and reproductive factor (RF), as well as the symptomatology caused by the nematodes on the roots. The following plant species were considered as hosts by presenting mean of the Reproduction Factor (RF)>1.0: Triplaris gardneriana for Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne incognita, and Meloidogyne morocciensis; Andropogon bicornis for Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita and Copaifera langsdorffii for Meloidogyne incognita. The following plant species were classified as potential hosts by developing RF>1.0 in at least one of the replicates: Copaifera langsdorffii for Meloidogyne morocciensis; Esenbeckia leiocarpa for Meloidogyne javanica and Guibourtia hymenifolia for Meloidogyne incognita. The other plant species were classified as non-hosts considering the conditions of this study. The inoculated plants showed varied symptoms on the roots, such as galls associated with egg masses, egg masses without galls, swelling with egg masses, cracks with egg masses without galls, and swelling with egg masses. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Anjos, Ramon Lira dos Furlanetto, Cleber Pimentel, Reinaldo Rodrigues Oliveira, Regina Célia de Ferreira, Adriana Andrade Domiciano, Gisele Pereira |
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