Effectiveness of a protected areas network in the conservation of Tamarindus indica (Leguminosea-Caesalpinioideae) in Benin
In the absence of effective conservation of its wild relatives, exploitation of a species could lead to genetic depletion. Research on how well do protected areas contribute to the conservation of plant species subject to human exploitation is still limited. The potential niche of Tamarindus indica...
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| Published in | African journal of ecology Vol. 49; no. 1; pp. 40 - 50 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.03.2011
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| Abstract | In the absence of effective conservation of its wild relatives, exploitation of a species could lead to genetic depletion. Research on how well do protected areas contribute to the conservation of plant species subject to human exploitation is still limited. The potential niche of Tamarindus indica (tamarind) was evaluated and the contribution of the protected areas network (PAN) of Benin to its conservation was assessed. The maximum entropy approach was used to model the ecological niche of the species, and forest inventories were used to address its population structure. To test its effectiveness, the PAN map was overlapped with the habitat suitability map of the species, and its population structures in protected versus unprotected areas were compared. Tamarindus natural populations were confined to the Sudanian and Sudano-Guinean regions. The species populations in the Sudanian region appeared well represented in protected areas in contrast to those in the Sudano-Guinean region. Results showed a positive effect of protected areas on juvenile density but a weak effect on adult density and current size-class distribution. Protection seemed to be unlikely to ensure the long-term persistence of the species. Cryopreservation, assisted recruitment and artificial enrichment of tamarind stands are recommended to ensure the long-term persistence of the species. |
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| AbstractList | In the absence of effective conservation of its wild relatives, exploitation of a species could lead to genetic depletion. Research on how well do protected areas contribute to the conservation of plant species subject to human exploitation is still limited. The potential niche of Tamarindus indica (tamarind) was evaluated and the contribution of the protected areas network (PAN) of Benin to its conservation was assessed. The maximum entropy approach was used to model the ecological niche of the species, and forest inventories were used to address its population structure. To test its effectiveness, the PAN map was overlapped with the habitat suitability map of the species, and its population structures in protected versus unprotected areas were compared. Tamarindus natural populations were confined to the Sudanian and Sudano-Guinean regions. The species populations in the Sudanian region appeared well represented in protected areas in contrast to those in the Sudano-Guinean region. Results showed a positive effect of protected areas on juvenile density but a weak effect on adult density and current size-class distribution. Protection seemed to be unlikely to ensure the long-term persistence of the species. Cryopreservation, assisted recruitment and artificial enrichment of tamarind stands are recommended to ensure the long-term persistence of the species.Original Abstract: En l'absence de conservation effective de ses cousins sauvages, l'exploitation d'une espece peut entrainer son epuisement genetique. Les recherches sur la mesure dans laquelle les aires protegees contribuent a la conservation d'especes vegetales sont encore rares. On a evalue la niche potentielle de Tamarindus indica (tamarin) et la contribution du reseau d'aires protegees beninois a sa conservation. Le principe d'entropie maximale fut utilise pour modeliser la niche ecologique de l'espece et l'on a eu recours a des inventaires forestiers pour aborder la structure de sa population. Afin de tester son efficacite, la carte de l'habitat appropriea l'espece fut superposee a celle du reseau d'aires protegees, et ses structures de population furent comparees entre aires protegees et non protegees. Les populations naturelles de tamarin sont confinees aux regions soudanienne et soudano-guineenne. Les populations de cette espece dans la region soudanienne semblent bien representees dans les aires protegees contrairement a celles de la region soudano-guineenne. Les resultats montrent un effet positif des aires protegees sur la densite des juveniles, mais un faible effet sur la densite des adultes et sur l'actuelle distribution des tailles. Il semble que la protection ne soit pas a meme d'assurer la persistance de l'espece a long terme. L'on recommande la cryogenisation, le recrutement assiste et l'enrichissement artificiel des peuplements de tamarins pour garantir la persistance de l'espece a long terme. Abstract In the absence of effective conservation of its wild relatives, exploitation of a species could lead to genetic depletion. Research on how well do protected areas contribute to the conservation of plant species subject to human exploitation is still limited. The potential niche of Tamarindus indica (tamarind) was evaluated and the contribution of the protected areas network (PAN) of Benin to its conservation was assessed. The maximum entropy approach was used to model the ecological niche of the species, and forest inventories were used to address its population structure. To test its effectiveness, the PAN map was overlapped with the habitat suitability map of the species, and its population structures in protected versus unprotected areas were compared. Tamarindus natural populations were confined to the Sudanian and Sudano-Guinean regions. The species populations in the Sudanian region appeared well represented in protected areas in contrast to those in the Sudano-Guinean region. Results showed a positive effect of protected areas on juvenile density but a weak effect on adult density and current size-class distribution. Protection seemed to be unlikely to ensure the long-term persistence of the species. Cryopreservation, assisted recruitment and artificial enrichment of tamarind stands are recommended to ensure the long-term persistence of the species. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] In the absence of effective conservation of its wild relatives, exploitation of a species could lead to genetic depletion. Research on how well do protected areas contribute to the conservation of plant species subject to human exploitation is still limited. The potential niche of Tamarindus indica (tamarind) was evaluated and the contribution of the protected areas network (PAN) of Benin to its conservation was assessed. The maximum entropy approach was used to model the ecological niche of the species, and forest inventories were used to address its population structure. To test its effectiveness, the PAN map was overlapped with the habitat suitability map of the species, and its population structures in protected versus unprotected areas were compared. Tamarindus natural populations were confined to the Sudanian and Sudano‐Guinean regions. The species populations in the Sudanian region appeared well represented in protected areas in contrast to those in the Sudano‐Guinean region. Results showed a positive effect of protected areas on juvenile density but a weak effect on adult density and current size‐class distribution. Protection seemed to be unlikely to ensure the long‐term persistence of the species. Cryopreservation, assisted recruitment and artificial enrichment of tamarind stands are recommended to ensure the long‐term persistence of the species. Résumé En l’absence de conservation effective de ses cousins sauvages, l’exploitation d’une espèce peut entraîner son épuisement génétique. Les recherches sur la mesure dans laquelle les aires protégées contribuent à la conservation d’espèces végétales sont encore rares. On a évalué la niche potentielle de Tamarindus indica (tamarin) et la contribution du réseau d’aires protégées béninois à sa conservation. Le principe d’entropie maximale fut utilisé pour modéliser la niche écologique de l’espèce et l’on a eu recours à des inventaires forestiers pour aborder la structure de sa population. Afin de tester son efficacité, la carte de l’habitat appropriéà l’espèce fut superposée à celle du réseau d’aires protégées, et ses structures de population furent comparées entre aires protégées et non protégées. Les populations naturelles de tamarin sont confinées aux régions soudanienne et soudano‐guinéenne. Les populations de cette espèce dans la région soudanienne semblent bien représentées dans les aires protégées contrairement à celles de la région soudano‐guinéenne. Les résultats montrent un effet positif des aires protégées sur la densité des juvéniles, mais un faible effet sur la densité des adultes et sur l’actuelle distribution des tailles. Il semble que la protection ne soit pas à même d’assurer la persistance de l’espèce à long terme. L’on recommande la cryogénisation, le recrutement assisté et l’enrichissement artificiel des peuplements de tamarins pour garantir la persistance de l’espèce à long terme. In the absence of effective conservation of its wild relatives, exploitation of a species could lead to genetic depletion. Research on how well do protected areas contribute to the conservation of plant species subject to human exploitation is still limited. The potential niche of Tamarindus indica (tamarind) was evaluated and the contribution of the protected areas network (PAN) of Benin to its conservation was assessed. The maximum entropy approach was used to model the ecological niche of the species, and forest inventories were used to address its population structure. To test its effectiveness, the PAN map was overlapped with the habitat suitability map of the species, and its population structures in protected versus unprotected areas were compared. Tamarindus natural populations were confined to the Sudanian and Sudano-Guinean regions. The species populations in the Sudanian region appeared well represented in protected areas in contrast to those in the Sudano-Guinean region. Results showed a positive effect of protected areas on juvenile density but a weak effect on adult density and current size-class distribution. Protection seemed to be unlikely to ensure the long-term persistence of the species. Cryopreservation, assisted recruitment and artificial enrichment of tamarind stands are recommended to ensure the long-term persistence of the species. |
| Author | Glèlè Kakaï, Romain L. Assogbadjo, Achille E. Sinsin, Brice Fandohan, Belarmain |
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| References_xml | – reference: Hutchinson, G.E. (1957) Concluding remarks. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 22, 415-457. – reference: Bhuyan, P., Khan, M.L. & Tripathi, R.S. (2003) Tree diversity and population structure in undisturbed and human-impacted stands of tropical wet evergreen forest in Arunachal Pradesh, Eastern Himalayas, India. Biodiv. Conserv. 12, 1753-1773. – reference: Cabeza, M., Araújo, M.B., Wilson, R.J., Thomas, C.D., Cowley, M.J.R. & Moilanen, A. (2004) Combining probabilities of occurrence with spatial reserve design. J. Appl. Ecol. 4, 252-262. – reference: Scott, J.M., Heglund, P.J., Morrison, M.L., Haufler, J.B., Raphael, M.G., Wall, W.A. & Samson, F.D. (2002) Predicting Species Occurrences. Island Press, Washington. – reference: Ryan, T.A. & Joiner, B.L. (1976) Normal Probability Plots and Tests for Normality: Technical Report. Statistics Department, the Pennsylvania State University, State College. – reference: Johnson, N.L. & Kotz, S. (1970) Distributions in Statistics: Continuous Univariate Distributions. John Wiley & Sons, New York. – reference: Sauther, M. (1998) Interplay of phenology and reproduction in ring-tailed lemurs: implications for ring-tailed lemur conservation. Folia Primatol. 69, 309-320. – reference: Dudley, N. & Parrish, J. (2006) Closing the Gap. Creating Ecologically Representative Protected Area Systems: A Guide to Conducting the Gap Assessment of Protected Area Systems for the Convention on Biological Diversity. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Montreal, Technical Series no. 24. – reference: Phillips, S.J., Anderson, R.P. & Schapire, R.E. (2006) Maximum entropy modelling of species geographic distributions. Ecol. Modell. 190, 231-259. – reference: Anderson, R.P., Gómez-Laverde, M. & Peterson, A.T. (2002) Geographical distributions of spiny pocket mice in South America: insights from predictive models. Glob. Ecol. 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| SubjectTerms | adults Benin Conservation conservation areas conservation plants cryopreservation entropy Exploitation forest inventory gap analysis Genetic diversity habitats humans Maximum entropy multipurpose species Natural populations Niches Plant ecology Plant populations Plant species Population structure potential niche Protected areas tamarinds Tamarindus Tamarindus indica wild relatives |
| Title | Effectiveness of a protected areas network in the conservation of Tamarindus indica (Leguminosea-Caesalpinioideae) in Benin |
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