Effects of solvent density on retention in gas–liquid chromatography: I. Alkanes solutes in polyethylene glycol stationary phases
Gas–liquid chromatographic columns were prepared coating silica capillaries with poly(oxyethylene) polymers of different molecular mass distributions, in the range of low number-average molar masses, where the density still varies significantly. A novel, high-temperature, rapid evaporation method wa...
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Published in | Journal of Chromatography A Vol. 953; no. 1; pp. 151 - 163 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
12.04.2002
Elsevier |
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Abstract | Gas–liquid chromatographic columns were prepared coating silica capillaries with poly(oxyethylene) polymers of different molecular mass distributions, in the range of low number-average molar masses, where the density still varies significantly. A novel, high-temperature, rapid evaporation method was developed and applied to the static coating of the low-molecular-mass stationary phases. The analysis of alkanes retention data from these columns reveals that the dependence of the partition coefficient with the solvent macroscopic density is mainly due to a variation of entropy. Enthalpies of solute transfer contribute poorly to the observed variations of retention. Since the alkanes solubility diminishes with the increasing solvent density, and this variation is weakly dependent with temperature, it is concluded that the decrease of free-volume in the liquid is responsible for this behavior. |
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AbstractList | Gas-liquid chromatographic columns were prepared coating silica capillaries with poly(oxyethylene) polymers of different molecular mass distributions, in the range of low number-average molar masses, where the density still varies significantly. A novel, high-temperature, rapid evaporation method was developed and applied to the static coating of the low-molecular-mass stationary phases. The analysis of alkanes retention data from these columns reveals that the dependence of the partition coefficient with the solvent macroscopic density is mainly due to a variation of entropy. Enthalpies of solute transfer contribute poorly to the observed variations of retention. Since the alkanes solubility diminishes with the increasing solvent density, and this variation is weakly dependent with temperature, it is concluded that the decrease of free-volume in the liquid is responsible for this behavior. |
Author | Garcı́a-Domı́nguez, J.A. González, F.R. Pérez-Parajón, J. |
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Keywords | Gas chromatography Poly(ethylene glycol) Thermodynamic parameters Alkanes Partition coefficients Stationary phases, GC Density Hydrocarbon Chromatographic retention Enthalpy Solubility Partition coefficient Entropy Experimental study Molecular weight property relation Ethylene oxide polymer Alkane Gas liquid chromatography Thermodynamic properties Physicochemical properties Stationary phase |
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References | González (BIB7) 1999; 832 Taleb-Bendiab, Vergnaud (BIB24) 1975; 107 Fritz, Kovats (BIB28) 1973; 45 Grob (BIB33) 1986 (BIB30) 1996 Hesse, Battino, Scharlin, Wilhelm (BIB6) 1996; 41 Miller, Price (BIB22) 1959; 34 Vera, Prausnitz (BIB2) 1972; 3 Sandra, David, Turner, Mc Nair, Brownstein (BIB13) 1989; 411 Sandler, Karo (BIB17) 1974; Vols. I and III Poole, Kollie, Poole (BIB36) 1992; 34 Ben Naim (BIB3) 1987 Kramer, Fouchard, Jenkins (BIB11) 1985; 23 Staudinger (BIB16) 1970 Thomas, Charlesby (BIB20) 1960; 42 Billmeyer (BIB27) 1984 González, Castells, Nardillo (BIB9) 2001; 927 Hummel (BIB23) 1966 Schweitzer, Staudinger (BIB15) 1929; 62 Bailey, Koleske (BIB19) 1976 Berezkin (BIB37) 2000; 40 Evans, Smith (BIB26) 1968; 36 Xu, Vermeulen (BIB10) 1988; 445 Elias (BIB18) 1984; Vol. 2 Klein, Jeberien (BIB25) 1980; 181 González (BIB4) 2002; 942 Hill, Bailey, Fitzpatrick (BIB21) 1958; 50 González (BIB8) 2000; 873 Berezkin, Korolev (BIB12) 1985; 20 Poole, Li, Kiridena, Koziol (BIB34) 2000; 898 Peebles (BIB14) 1968 Kersten, Poole (BIB35) 1987; 399 Martin, Zhuravlev, Chen, Carr, Siepmann (BIB5) 1999; 103 Kersten, Poole, Poole (BIB32) 1989; 468 Martire (BIB29) 1974; 46 González, Alessandrini, Nardillo (BIB31) 1999; 852 Prigogine (BIB1) 1957 |
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Snippet | Gas–liquid chromatographic columns were prepared coating silica capillaries with poly(oxyethylene) polymers of different molecular mass distributions, in the... Gas-liquid chromatographic columns were prepared coating silica capillaries with poly(oxyethylene) polymers of different molecular mass distributions, in the... |
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SubjectTerms | Alkanes Alkanes - chemistry Analytical chemistry Chemistry Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography Chromatography, Gas - methods Exact sciences and technology Gas chromatographic methods Poly(ethylene glycol) Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry Solubility Solvents - chemistry Thermodynamics |
Title | Effects of solvent density on retention in gas–liquid chromatography: I. Alkanes solutes in polyethylene glycol stationary phases |
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