Influence of β2-Adrenergic Receptor Genotype on Airway Function During Exercise in Healthy Adults

• Published in: Chest Vol. 129; no. 3; pp. 762 - 770
• Main Authors: Snyder, Eric M., Beck, Kenneth C., Dietz, Niki M, Joyner, Michael J., Turner, Stephen T., Johnson, Bruce D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Northbrook, IL Elsevier Inc 01.03.2006; American College of Chest Physicians
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; bp = base-pair; bronchodilation; Cardiology. Vascular system; catecholamines; CV = coefficient of variation; FEF25–75 = forced expiratory flow at 25 to 75% of vital capacity; FEF50 = forced expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity; GCRC = General Clinical Research Center; genetic; Medical sciences; MEFV = maximal expiratory flow volume; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; Pneumology; SNP = single-nucleotide polymorphism; VC = vital capacity; Vt = tidal volume; V̇o2 = oxygen uptake; β2AR = β2 adrenergic receptor; genetic; FEF50 = forced expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity; catecholamines; CV = coefficient of variation; MEFV = maximal expiratory flow volume; Vt = tidal volume; FEF25–75 = forced expiratory flow at 25 to 75% of vital capacity; V̇o2 = oxygen uptake; bp = base-pair; SNP = single-nucleotide polymorphism; VC = vital capacity; β2AR = β2 adrenergic receptor; GCRC = General Clinical Research Center; bronchodilation; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; Bronchodilation; Physical exercise; Human; Typing; Healthy subject; Respiratory disease; Cardiovascular disease; Genotype; β2-Adrenergic receptor; Catecholamine; Microbiological investigation; Exercise tolerance test; Genetics
• ISSN: 0012-3692; 1931-3543
• DOI: 10.1378/chest.129.3.762

In humans, β2-adrenergic receptors (β2ARs) influence airway tone. There are known functional polymorphisms of the β2AR, such as substitution of glycine for arginine at codon 16. We sought to determine if this variation in genotype differentially influences airway function during exercise. Healthy subjects without asthma who were either homozygous for Arg16 (n = 16; mean age, 29 ± 2 years [± SD]; mean maximum oxygen uptake [V̇o2], 32 ± 2 mL/kg/min) or the Gly16 allele (n = 26; mean age, 30 ± 1 years; mean maximum V̇o2, 33 ± 1 mL/kg/min) participated in the study. Baseline testing included spirometry and maximal symptom-limited exercise. On a separate day, an arterial cannula was placed to measure catecholamine levels. Subjects then performed exercise at two work levels (40% and 75% of peak work) for 9 min each and performed spirometry at 3-min intervals for assessment of airway function. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in maximum V̇o2 or baseline spirometry (p > 0.05). With both light and heavy exercise, the groups had similar increases in the forced expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity (FEF50). FEF50 increased by 14 ± 4% and 15 ± 3% in arginine and glycine groups, respectively, by end exercise (p > 0.05). During recovery (5 min and 10 min after), the Gly16 homozygotes demonstrated persistent bronchodilation (10 min after FEF50 = + 7 ± 2% over pre-exercise) while the Arg16 subjects had a rapid return to baseline (10 min after FEF50 = − 3 ± 3%, p = 0.007 between groups). No differences were observed in the catecholamine responses between genotypes, although the increase in epinephrine in the arginine group tended to be higher (p = 0.07). These data suggest that the Arg16Gly polymorphism of the β2AR does not influence airway function during short-duration low- and high-intensity exercise. However, during recovery, the Arg16 genotype is associated with a reduced bronchodilation, possibly due to increased catecholamine desensitization.