Carbon dioxide exchange in a subtropical, mixed C 3/C 4 grassland on the Edwards Plateau, Texas
Eddy covariance measurements were begun in late April 2004 to quantify CO 2 exchange in a perennial C 3/C 4 grassland on the Edwards Plateau near San Marcos, TX. Objectives were to document how net ecosystem exchange of CO 2 (NEE) and its components, gross photosynthesis (GPP) and ecosystem respirat...
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Published in | Agricultural and forest meteorology Vol. 148; no. 6; pp. 953 - 963 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Elsevier B.V
30.06.2008
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Subjects | |
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Abstract | Eddy covariance measurements were begun in late April 2004 to quantify CO
2 exchange in a perennial C
3/C
4 grassland on the Edwards Plateau near San Marcos, TX. Objectives were to document how net ecosystem exchange of CO
2 (NEE) and its components, gross photosynthesis (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (
R
e), vary on a seasonal and interannual basis, and to examine how environmental factors affect C exchange. Described here are the first 32 months of measurements. The grassland was intermittently grazed in 2004 and 2005, and heavily grazed during the spring and summer of 2006. Total rainfall from May through December 2004 was 1378
mm, well above the 858
mm annual mean, whereas rainfall in 2005 and 2006 was near normal. The grassland was dominated by C
4 grasses when measurements began, but C
3 grasses and forbs became dominant as the study progressed. The shift from a C
4- to a C
3-dominated ecosystem was accompanied by a 24% decline in light use efficiency. Water deficits were a frequent occurrence, even during 2004 when rainfall was high, causing large reductions in
R
e, GPP, and light use efficiency, and temporary shifts in the grassland from C sink to C source. Our measurements showed the grassland was a small C sink over the 32 months, gaining 170
g
m
−2 of C, due in large part to drought-induced suppression of
R
e during the winter of 2005–2006, and to a pulse of growth that occurred during the last 3 months of 2006. Total GPP and
R
e were 2081 and 1911
g
m
−2, respectively. The grassland accumulated 1037
g
m
−2 of C during the daytime, and lost 867
g
m
−2 at night. Rates of C uptake were highest in the spring, and were higher when grazing was heaviest because growth of new leaves having a high photosynthetic efficiency, and reductions in
R
e, compensated for loss of leaf area. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Eddy covariance measurements were begun in late April 2004 to quantify CO
2 exchange in a perennial C
3/C
4 grassland on the Edwards Plateau near San Marcos, TX. Objectives were to document how net ecosystem exchange of CO
2 (NEE) and its components, gross photosynthesis (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (
R
e), vary on a seasonal and interannual basis, and to examine how environmental factors affect C exchange. Described here are the first 32 months of measurements. The grassland was intermittently grazed in 2004 and 2005, and heavily grazed during the spring and summer of 2006. Total rainfall from May through December 2004 was 1378
mm, well above the 858
mm annual mean, whereas rainfall in 2005 and 2006 was near normal. The grassland was dominated by C
4 grasses when measurements began, but C
3 grasses and forbs became dominant as the study progressed. The shift from a C
4- to a C
3-dominated ecosystem was accompanied by a 24% decline in light use efficiency. Water deficits were a frequent occurrence, even during 2004 when rainfall was high, causing large reductions in
R
e, GPP, and light use efficiency, and temporary shifts in the grassland from C sink to C source. Our measurements showed the grassland was a small C sink over the 32 months, gaining 170
g
m
−2 of C, due in large part to drought-induced suppression of
R
e during the winter of 2005–2006, and to a pulse of growth that occurred during the last 3 months of 2006. Total GPP and
R
e were 2081 and 1911
g
m
−2, respectively. The grassland accumulated 1037
g
m
−2 of C during the daytime, and lost 867
g
m
−2 at night. Rates of C uptake were highest in the spring, and were higher when grazing was heaviest because growth of new leaves having a high photosynthetic efficiency, and reductions in
R
e, compensated for loss of leaf area. |
Author | Heilman, J.L. Owens, M.K. McInnes, K.J. Kjelgaard, J.F. Kamps, R.H. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: J.F. surname: Kjelgaard fullname: Kjelgaard, J.F. organization: Natural Resources Conservation Service, 625 Miramontes Street, Suite 103, Half Moon Bay, CA 94019-1925, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: J.L. surname: Heilman fullname: Heilman, J.L. email: j-heilman@tamu.edu organization: Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, 2474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2474, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: K.J. surname: McInnes fullname: McInnes, K.J. organization: Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, 2474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2474, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: M.K. surname: Owens fullname: Owens, M.K. organization: Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: R.H. surname: Kamps fullname: Kamps, R.H. organization: Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, 2474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2474, United States |
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Copyright | 2008 Elsevier B.V. |
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DOI | 10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.01.006 |
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Discipline | Meteorology & Climatology Agriculture |
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Keywords | Gross primary production Net ecosystem carbon exchange Soil moisture Ecosystem respiration |
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Snippet | Eddy covariance measurements were begun in late April 2004 to quantify CO
2 exchange in a perennial C
3/C
4 grassland on the Edwards Plateau near San Marcos,... |
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SubjectTerms | Ecosystem respiration Gross primary production Net ecosystem carbon exchange Soil moisture |
Title | Carbon dioxide exchange in a subtropical, mixed C 3/C 4 grassland on the Edwards Plateau, Texas |
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