Impacts of Climate Change on Indirect Human Exposure to Pathogens and Chemicals from Agriculture

Objective: Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and chemicals could therefore be very different from those of today. In this review, we assess the implications of climate change for changes...

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Published inEnvironmental health perspectives Vol. 117; no. 4; pp. 508 - 514
Main Authors Boxall, Alistair B. A., Hardy, Anthony, Beulke, Sabine, Boucard, Tatiana, Burgin, Laura, Falloon, Peter D., Haygarth, Philip M., Hutchinson, Thomas, Kovats, R. Sari, Leonardi, Giovanni, Levy, Leonard S., Nichols, Gordon, Parsons, Simon A., Potts, Laura, Stone, David, Topp, Edward, Turley, David B., Walsh, Kerry, Wellington, Elizabeth M. H., Williams, Richard J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institutes of Health. Department of Health, Education and Welfare 01.04.2009
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Subjects
Agricultural chemicals
Agricultural management
Agricultural soils
Agriculture
Agrochemicals - metabolism
Agrochemicals - toxicity
Animals
Chemical hazards
Chemicals
Climate
Climate change
Climate effects
Climate models
Climatic changes
Contaminants
Copyrights
Data sources
Disease Vectors
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Environmental aspects
Environmental changes
Environmental Exposure - prevention & control
Environmental impact
Environmental Pollutants - metabolism
Environmental Pollutants - toxicity
Exposure
Farming systems
Food Contamination
Greenhouse Effect
Health
Health and wellness
Health aspects
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Human
Humans
Influence
Pathogenic microorganisms
Pathogens
Pathways
Pesticides
Policies
Review
Reviews
Risk
Soil pollution
Stone
Synthesis
Transport
United Kingdom
agriculture
pathogens
pesticides
health risks
environmental fate
climate change
nutrients
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Objective: Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and chemicals could therefore be very different from those of today. In this review, we assess the implications of climate change for changes in human exposures to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems in the United Kingdom and discuss the subsequent effects on health impacts. Data sources: In this review, we used expert input and considered literature on climate change; health effects resulting from exposure to pathogens and chemicals arising from agriculture; inputs of chemicals and pathogens to agricultural systems; and human exposure pathways for pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. Data synthesis: We established the current evidence base for health effects of chemicals and pathogens in the agricultural environment; determined the potential implications of climate change on chemical and pathogen inputs in agricultural systems; and explored the effects of climate change on environmental transport and fate of different contaminant types. We combined these data to assess the implications of climate change in terms of indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. We then developed recommendations on future research and policy changes to manage any adverse increases in risks. Conclusions: Overall, climate change is likely to increase human exposures to agricultural contaminants. The magnitude of the increases will be highly dependent on the contaminant type. Risks from many pathogens and particulate and particle-associated contaminants could increase significantly. These increases in exposure can, however, be managed for the most part through targeted research and policy changes.
AbstractList OBJECTIVE: Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and chemicals could therefore be very different from those of today. In this review, we assess the implications of climate change for changes in human exposures to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems in the United Kingdom and discuss the subsequent effects on health impacts. DATA SOURCES: In this review, we used expert input and considered literature on climate change; health effects resulting from exposure to pathogens and chemicals arising from agriculture; inputs of chemicals and pathogens to agricultural systems; and human exposure pathways for pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. DATA SYNTHESIS: We established the current evidence base for health effects of chemicals and pathogens in the agricultural environment; determined the potential implications of climate change on chemical and pathogen inputs in agricultural systems; and explored the effects of climate change on environmental transport and fate of different contaminant types. We combined these data to assess the implications of climate change in terms of indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. We then developed recommendations on future research and policy changes to manage any adverse increases in risks. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, climate change is likely to increase human exposures to agricultural contaminants. The magnitude of the increases will be highly dependent on the contaminant type. Risks from many pathogens and particulate and particle-associated contaminants could increase significantly. These increases in exposure can, however, be managed for the most part through targeted research and policy changes.
Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and chemicals could therefore be very different from those of today. In this review, we assess the implications of climate change for changes in human exposures to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems in the United Kingdom and discuss the subsequent effects on health impacts.OBJECTIVEClimate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and chemicals could therefore be very different from those of today. In this review, we assess the implications of climate change for changes in human exposures to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems in the United Kingdom and discuss the subsequent effects on health impacts.In this review, we used expert input and considered literature on climate change; health effects resulting from exposure to pathogens and chemicals arising from agriculture; inputs of chemicals and pathogens to agricultural systems; and human exposure pathways for pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems.DATA SOURCESIn this review, we used expert input and considered literature on climate change; health effects resulting from exposure to pathogens and chemicals arising from agriculture; inputs of chemicals and pathogens to agricultural systems; and human exposure pathways for pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems.We established the current evidence base for health effects of chemicals and pathogens in the agricultural environment; determined the potential implications of climate change on chemical and pathogen inputs in agricultural systems; and explored the effects of climate change on environmental transport and fate of different contaminant types. We combined these data to assess the implications of climate change in terms of indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. We then developed recommendations on future research and policy changes to manage any adverse increases in risks.DATA SYNTHESISWe established the current evidence base for health effects of chemicals and pathogens in the agricultural environment; determined the potential implications of climate change on chemical and pathogen inputs in agricultural systems; and explored the effects of climate change on environmental transport and fate of different contaminant types. We combined these data to assess the implications of climate change in terms of indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. We then developed recommendations on future research and policy changes to manage any adverse increases in risks.Overall, climate change is likely to increase human exposures to agricultural contaminants. The magnitude of the increases will be highly dependent on the contaminant type. Risks from many pathogens and particulate and particle-associated contaminants could increase significantly. These increases in exposure can, however, be managed for the most part through targeted research and policy changes.CONCLUSIONSOverall, climate change is likely to increase human exposures to agricultural contaminants. The magnitude of the increases will be highly dependent on the contaminant type. Risks from many pathogens and particulate and particle-associated contaminants could increase significantly. These increases in exposure can, however, be managed for the most part through targeted research and policy changes.
Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and chemicals could therefore be very different from those of today. In this review, we assess the implications of climate change for changes in human exposures to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems in the United Kingdom and discuss the subsequent effects on health impacts. In this review, we used expert input and considered literature on climate change; health effects resulting from exposure to pathogens and chemicals arising from agriculture; inputs of chemicals and pathogens to agricultural systems; and human exposure pathways for pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. We established the current evidence base for health effects of chemicals and pathogens in the agricultural environment; determined the potential implications of climate change on chemical and pathogen inputs in agricultural systems; and explored the effects of climate change on environmental transport and fate of different contaminant types. We combined these data to assess the implications of climate change in terms of indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. We then developed recommendations on future research and policy changes to manage any adverse increases in risks. Overall, climate change is likely to increase human exposures to agricultural contaminants. The magnitude of the increases will be highly dependent on the contaminant type. Risks from many pathogens and particulate and particle-associated contaminants could increase significantly. These increases in exposure can, however, be managed for the most part through targeted research and policy changes.
The impacts of climate change on indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals from agriculture are analyzed. Weather and climate factors are known to affect the transmission of water- and vector-borne infectious diseases as well as the transport of chemicals around the environment. It is observed that climate change and other drivers are likely to reduce the use of nutrient inputs in agriculture, but it is possible that intensification of agriculture in some areas results in localized increases. The results show that the sources of chemicals and pathogens of agricultural origin are likely to vary in the future because of climate and nonclimate factors.
Objective: Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and chemicals could therefore be very different from those of today. In this review, we assess the implications of climate change for changes in human exposures to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems in the United Kingdom and discuss the subsequent effects on health impacts. DATA sources: In this review, we used expert input and considered literature on climate change; health effects resulting from exposure to pathogens and chemicals arising from agriculture; inputs of chemicals and pathogens to agricultural systems; and human exposure pathways for pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. DATA SYNTHESIS: We established the current evidence base for health effects of chemicals and pathogens in the agricultural environment; determined the potential implications of climate change on chemical and pathogen inputs in agricultural systems; and explored the effects of climate change on environmental transport and fete of different contaminant types. We combined these data to assess the implications of climate change in terms of indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. We then developed recommendations on future research and policy changes to manage any adverse increases in risks. Conclusions: Overall, climate change is likely to increase human exposures to agricultural contaminants. The magnitude of the increases will be highly dependent on the contaminant type. Risks from many pathogens and paniculate and particle-associated contaminants could increase significantly. These increases in exposure can, however, be managed for the most part through targeted research and policy changes.
Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and chemicals could therefore be very different from those of today. In this review, we assess the implications of climate change for changes in human exposures to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems in the United Kingdom and discuss the subsequent effects on health impacts. In this review, we used expert input and considered literature on climate change; health effects resulting from exposure to pathogens and chemicals arising from agriculture; inputs of chemicals and pathogens to agricultural systems; and human exposure pathways for pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. We established the current evidence base for health effects of chemicals and pathogens in the agricultural environment; determined the potential implications of climate change on chemical and pathogen inputs in agricultural systems; and explored the effects of climate change on environmental transport and fate of different contaminant types. We combined these data to assess the implications of climate change in terms of indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. We then developed recommendations on future research and policy changes to manage any adverse increases in risks. Overall, climate change is likely to increase human exposures to agricultural contaminants. The magnitude of the increases will be highly dependent on the contaminant type. Risks from many pathogens and particulate and particle-associated contaminants could increase significantly. These increases in exposure can, however, be managed for the most part through targeted research and policy changes.
Audience Academic
Author Hardy, Anthony
Nichols, Gordon
Leonardi, Giovanni
Boucard, Tatiana
Walsh, Kerry
Falloon, Peter D.
Levy, Leonard S.
Wellington, Elizabeth M. H.
Potts, Laura
Boxall, Alistair B. A.
Kovats, R. Sari
Stone, David
Topp, Edward
Haygarth, Philip M.
Parsons, Simon A.
Turley, David B.
Beulke, Sabine
Burgin, Laura
Williams, Richard J.
Hutchinson, Thomas
AuthorAffiliation 12 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Canada
1 University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom
2 Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, United Kingdom
14 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, United Kingdom
5 Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
6 Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, United Kingdom
9 Cranfield University, Cranfield, United Kingdom
3 Environment Agency, Wallingford, United Kingdom
4 Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
10 York St. John University, York, United Kingdom
11 Natural England, Peterborough, United Kingdom
13 University of Warwick, Warwick, United Kingdom
7 London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
8 Health Protection Agency, London, United Kingdom
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 5 Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
– name: 2 Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, United Kingdom
– name: 1 University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom
– name: 7 London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
– name: 9 Cranfield University, Cranfield, United Kingdom
– name: 14 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, United Kingdom
– name: 4 Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
– name: 13 University of Warwick, Warwick, United Kingdom
– name: 6 Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, United Kingdom
– name: 8 Health Protection Agency, London, United Kingdom
– name: 3 Environment Agency, Wallingford, United Kingdom
– name: 10 York St. John University, York, United Kingdom
– name: 11 Natural England, Peterborough, United Kingdom
– name: 12 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Canada
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  givenname: Alistair B. A.
  surname: Boxall
  fullname: Boxall, Alistair B. A.
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Anthony
  surname: Hardy
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19440487$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 4
Keywords agriculture
pathogens
pesticides
health risks
environmental fate
climate change
nutrients
Language English
License Publication of EHP lies in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from EHP may be reprinted freely. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for example, ?Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives?); pertinent reference information should be provided for the article from which the material was reproduced. Articles from EHP, especially the News section, may contain photographs or illustrations copyrighted by other commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright.
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The authors declare they have no competing financial interests.
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– reference: 19440484 - Environ Health Perspect. 2009 Apr;117(4):A163
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Snippet Objective: Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens...
Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and...
The impacts of climate change on indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals from agriculture are analyzed. Weather and climate factors are known to...
OBJECTIVE: Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens...
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StartPage 508
SubjectTerms Agricultural chemicals
Agricultural management
Agricultural soils
Agriculture
Agrochemicals - metabolism
Agrochemicals - toxicity
Animals
Chemical hazards
Chemicals
Climate
Climate change
Climate effects
Climate models
Climatic changes
Contaminants
Copyrights
Data sources
Disease Vectors
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Environmental aspects
Environmental changes
Environmental Exposure - prevention & control
Environmental impact
Environmental Pollutants - metabolism
Environmental Pollutants - toxicity
Exposure
Farming systems
Food Contamination
Greenhouse Effect
Health
Health and wellness
Health aspects
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Human
Humans
Influence
Pathogenic microorganisms
Pathogens
Pathways
Pesticides
Policies
Review
Reviews
Risk
Soil pollution
Stone
Synthesis
Transport
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Title Impacts of Climate Change on Indirect Human Exposure to Pathogens and Chemicals from Agriculture
URI https://www.jstor.org/stable/25478152
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19440487
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Volume 117
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